Cultivation and Management of Aristolochia manshuriensis

Land selection and preparation

Nursery land should be selected in warm, wet, fertile place, deep tillage, compost or manure 3000kg per mu, 1.3~ 1.5 m wide bed, bed surface leveling and then splash 1500kg light human and animal manure water, waiting for sowing. Planting land is generally selected for deep soil layer, fertile and loose, good drainage, semi-yin and semi-yang mountain cultivation. In order to benefit the growth of Aristolochia sinensis and save land, it is better to cultivate it at the edge of high ridge or forest. After land selection and preparation, dig holes according to plant spacing of 1~1.2m, make the holes large and flat, and mix them with base fertilizer for planting.

propagation method

In the production of Aristolochia stem, seed propagation and stem cutting propagation are mainly adopted.

(1) Seed seedling propagation from spring equinox to Qingming sowing, sowing seeds evenly on the surface of the ridge, covering a thin layer of fine soil or plant ash, carrying out shallow loosening and weeding, thinning seedlings, fertilization, diseases, pests and diseases management after emergence, and transplanting and planting until the vine stem is more than 50cm long.

(2) after stem and vine cuttage propagation "rainwater", cutting 2 - 3 year old stem and vine of Akebia stem, cutting into nodes about 30cm long, each node needs bud, trenching according to row spacing of 45 - 50cm on the whole seedbed, 7 - 10cm deep, dividing the nodes into two rows and laying the ditch wall, connecting the nodes, staggering the buds, sprinkling human and animal excrement water, covering the soil and leveling the furrow (ditch), managing according to the above conventional management, digging seedlings and transplanting in late autumn and early winter or spring of the next year. Cuttage propagation can also be directly planted according to field cultivation specifications.

(3) Planting in late autumn and early winter or before and after "rain" can be transplanted and planted. Seedlings with more tillers can be cut into individual plants for transplanting according to their growth conditions. When planting, the soil and fertilizer applied in the hole must be mixed evenly, 1 plant per hole, covered with soil, solid, watering can be.

field management

(1) Intertillage weeding and top dressing before transplanting, intertillage weeding twice a year, the first time in spring, and apply sufficient topdressing such as human and animal manure (can add appropriate urea); the second time in late autumn and early winter, and apply decomposed compost or manure and cultivate soil for winter.

(2) Intercropping seedling stage plant cluster is small, in the ground gap is large, can be closed before closing, in the intercropping corn, winter wheat and other crops, can also be interplanted with other broad-leaved tree species associated with Sichuan Akebia.

(3) After pruning and shaping, the plants grow for 2 to 3 years, and the plants grow larger and the branches and leaves flourish. Should be cut according to the situation of the plant cluster trim type, cut too dense, too weak branches or sick branches, can also cut too dense and meet the requirements of medicinal branches for medicinal use, in order to facilitate growth.

pest control

There are few diseases and insect pests of Akebia stem. At present, aphids are mainly found, which occur mostly in spring and harm the buds of leaf axils, resulting in slow growth and even wilting death. Control methods: clearing the garden in winter, burying or burning the dead leaves deeply to reduce the source of overwintering insects; spraying 50% fenitrothion 1000~2000 times solution or dimethoate EC 1500~2000 times solution or 80% dichlorvos EC 1500 times solution every 7~10 days for several consecutive times.

recovery

Arkebia stem can be harvested after planting for 3 - 5 years. Spring and autumn can be harvested, but autumn is better. When harvesting, cut the older stems and vines, and pay attention to the management of the remaining parts for later harvest.