High-yielding cultivation techniques of scutellaria baicalensis

Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi is a perennial herb of Labiatae, which has the functions of antibacterial and anti-inflammatory, antihypertensive, diuretic, detoxifying and cholagogic, and is a kind of commonly used traditional Chinese medicine.

Scutellaria baicalensis is warm and resistant to severe cold, and the underground part can endure a low temperature of-30 ℃; it is resistant to drought and waterlogging, and it is planted in areas with poor drainage, resulting in poor growth and easy to cause rotting roots. The cultivation techniques are introduced as follows:

First, the method of reproduction. Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi is mainly propagated by seeds, and can also be propagated by cuttings or roots.

1. Seed propagation: direct seeding is generally used. The seeds of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi are small and difficult to emerge, so the soil should be carefully prepared before sowing. When preparing the land, apply 2000-3000 kg of rotten stable manure per mu, and then deep ploughing fine rake, ridging to make the border, requiring the border surface to be fine and flat. Mountain slopes without irrigation conditions do not make beds. Spring sowing is usually from March to April, summer sowing is from June to July, and winter sowing is also possible. Generally speaking, strip broadcasting is used. According to the row spacing of 25-30 cm, open a shallow trench with a depth of 2-3 cm, sow the seeds evenly into the ditch, cover the soil about 1 cm thick, and gently suppress after sowing. The sowing rate is 0.5-1 kg per mu. Watering after sowing, and often keeping the topsoil moist, the seedlings can emerge in about 15 days, and the weak seedlings should be densely removed after emergence. When the seedlings are 6-7 cm high, the seedlings should be fixed according to the plant spacing of 12-15 cm, and the seedlings should be replanted with soil where there is a lack of seedlings.

2. Split-root propagation: some high-yield and high-quality rhizomes were selected as propagation materials during harvest. If you dig and harvest in winter, bury the rhizome in the shade indoors, and then plant the roots in the second spring; if you harvest in spring, you will dig and plant with you. The rhizome was divided into several plants, each with several bud eyes, and then planted in the field according to the row spacing of 30 × 20 cm. The survival rate of planting in hillside land is higher by this method.

Second, field management. Always keep the soil moist during the seedling period. Pay attention to drainage and waterlogging prevention in the rainy season. Pay attention to loosening the soil and weeding. When the first topdressing was carried out after setting the seedlings, 500 kg of rare human feces and urine or 3-5 kg of urea was applied per mu, and 30 kg of ammonium phosphate was applied for the second topdressing from June to July. In the second and third years, 40-50 kg of rotten cake fertilizer per mu was applied after the plant turned green, and 30-40 kg of ammonium phosphate was applied in the furrow before the ridge was closed in late June.