Cultivation Techniques of Rhizoma Arisaematis

Tiannanxing is the dry tuber of PinelliapedatisectaSchott (Araceae), also known as Pinellia ternata and Nanxing of tiger palm. It has the functions of dryness, dampness and phlegm, expelling wind and relieving spasm, dispersing knots and detumescence. It mainly produces Jiangsu, Henan, Anhui, Shandong and other provinces, which are distributed in most areas of our country except * *, Xizang and Heilongjiang.

1. Morphological characteristics

Herbs perennial, 40-60 cm tall. Tubers oblate, 2mi 5cm in diameter, often surrounded by small tubers. Leaves subbasal, seeds propagated in the same year as simple leaves, cordate, 2-or 3-year-old birds foot-shaped division, lobes 5mur11, lanceolate, 615 cm long, 2mi 4 cm wide; petiole 20-50 cm long. The flower stem is 10ml 40cm long, the flame bract is light green, the lower part is tubular, the upper part attenuates, the top is slightly obtuse; the flower is unisexual, monoecious, fleshy spike inflorescence, the lower part is female flower, Adnate to the flame bud, the upper part is male flower, the apical appendage is slender mouse-like, yellowish green. Berry ovate, green-white, 1 seed, brown. The florescence is from June to July and the fruiting period is from August to September.

Second, growth habits

Artemisia angustifolia is a kind of negative plant, mostly wild in the valley or forest with an altitude of 200, 000 meters above sea level, afraid of strong light, like water and fertilizer, afraid of drought and waterlogging, and avoid severe cold. Seeds and tubers had no physiological dormancy characteristics. The optimum temperature for seed germination is 22ml 24 ℃, and the germination rate is more than 90%. The life span of seeds is 1 year.

III. Cultivation techniques

1. Land selection and preparation: shady places should be chosen for planting, such as planting in open sun, intercropping with tall stalk crops such as corn. The soil should be moist, loose and fertile sandy loam. Apply enough basic fertilizer, 4000Mu farm manure 5000 kg per mu, ploughed and leveled to form a 1.2m wide border of 1.5m.

2. Propagation methods: tubers are mainly used in production, and seeds can also be used to propagate.

(1) seed propagation uses the seeds newly harvested in the same year. In early August, the seeds were sown on the whole border according to the row spacing of 12 Mel 15 cm, and the soil was covered with about 1.5 cm. When the temperature is 20 ℃ and 25 cm, the seedlings can emerge about 10 days after sowing. When the seedlings are 5ml / 10cm in height the next year, the seedlings will be fixed according to the plant spacing of 15cm, and the seedlings will be removed from one row to another. The seedlings can be moved to another piece of land for planting. Because the growth period of seed reproduction is long and the yield is not high, it is generally not used in production.

(2) when tuber propagation is harvested from October to November in autumn, small and medium-sized tubers without diseases and insect pests are selected as seed stems and stored in cellar or indoor sand storage, and the humidity is kept at about 5 ℃. It was taken out in April of the following year, and a trench with a depth of 5cm and 6cm was opened according to the row spacing of 20mm and 25cm, and then planted according to the spacing of 15cm and 20cm. When planting, you should pay attention to the bud head upward, cover the soil with 4ml / 5cm, and then water it once. It uses about 60 kilograms of seed stem per mu.

3. Field management: during the growth period, we should pay attention to keep the soil moist, water less frequently, loosen the soil in time, and pay attention to drainage in the rainy season. From June to July, it is the peak growth period, about 600 kg of human feces and urine should be applied per mu, and 60 kg of bean cake fertilizer and additional phosphorus and potassium fertilizer should be applied in August to promote tuber expansion. Except for the remaining seed plants, the rest of the scape can be removed at the flowering stage.

(4) Disease and pest control

(1) when red spider is harmful to leaves, it can be sprayed with 1000 times of amitraz EC or 73% 3000 times of propargite.

(2) Root rot. See Pinellia ternata.

(3) Red diamondback moth see Pinellia ternata.

(4) harvesting and processing

When the aboveground parts are withered and yellow in autumn, dig up the tubers, remove the soil, stems and leaves and whisker roots, then put them into the basket to remove the epidermis, rinse them with clean water, and scrape off the unbumped epidermis with bamboo slices. Sun-dried or dried, that is, the sale of goods.