New cultivation techniques of Ganoderma lucidum

Ganoderma lucidum is a traditional fungal medicine in China. As a traditional Chinese medicine and longevity tonic, Ganoderma lucidum has a history of thousands of years. The domestic market has great potential and the development of Ganoderma lucidum industry has broad prospects.

This paper introduces the cultivation techniques of short-segment wood of Ganoderma lucidum.

I. cultivation of raw and auxiliary materials

The good tree species for cultivating Ganoderma lucidum are Fagaceae, Hamamelidaceae, Betulaceae and so on. In general, the choice of thick bark, not easy to detach, hard material, less heartwood, developed pulp rays, rich ducts and 8cm~13cm in breast diameter is suitable for  to cut  at the early stage of defoliation.

2. Selection of cultivation season

Ganoderma lucidum belongs to high temperature fruiting fungi. 10 ℃ ~ 12 ℃ is the production period of the cultivation tube. After inoculation, it takes 60-75 days for short wood to reach physiological maturity.

Third, the establishment of cultivation places

Outdoor cultivation is best to choose a place with loose soil, open terrain, water and convenient transportation as the cultivation field. The cultivation field needs to build a shade shed with 2m~2.2m height and width of 4m. The shed is divided into two sides, the width of the border is 1.5m, and the border leaves a drainage ditch. If conditions permit, the roof can be covered with a black sunshade net, with a shading rate of 65%, so that a strong scattered light is formed in the shed, and the service life is more than 3 years.

IV. Fillers

The low-pressure polyethylene cylinder with folded diameter 15~24cm × 55cm × 0.02cm is selected. Three kinds of plastic cylinders are mostly selected in production in order to be suitable for the cultivation and use of short-section wood with different caliber. Put the truncated short piece of wood into the plastic barrel, match the two ends, bend, tie the folding head with a small rope and tie it tightly. Bags with plastic cylinders larger than 2~3cm in diameter, one bag for 30cm long wood and one bag for 15cm long wood, or several segments can be packed into a bundle into a large bag for sterilization.

5. Sterilization

After that, routine atmospheric pressure sterilization was carried out for 97 ℃ ~ 103 ℃ for 10 ~ 12 hours.

VI. Vaccination

The varieties with marketable, good quality and high yield were selected as production strains. At present, the strains used are G801, G802, G6, G8 and so on. The production method is the same as that of wood saprophytic fungi, and it is better to use sawdust cottonseed shell. During the inoculation, the water content of the strain was slightly better, and the cooling short wood plastic tube was selected in advance and fumigated with an aerosol disinfection box. After 30 minutes, the bacterial skin on the surface of the plastic bag was discarded and the double-head inoculation method was used. With the cooperation of the two, one untied the plastic binding rope, and the other sprinkled a strain the size of peanut kernels near the fire mouth of alcohol, and immediately sealed and fastened it. The other end is inoculated in the same way, and so on, and then layered on the shelf. In the process of inoculation, the time of opening the bag should be shortened as much as possible, the amount of inoculation should be increased, the cross section should be sealed, and the pollution should be reduced, so that the hyphae can spread rapidly along the wood rays of short wood.

VII. Training

The temperature is relatively low in winter, so it should be artificially heated to more than 20 ℃, and the rope can be loosened slightly after 15 days of culture. The cultivation of short-section wood is full for 45-55 days, and it will take another 15-20 days to enter the physiological mature stage.

VIII. Ostentation

The physiologically mature short segments of wood were buried horizontally into the border surface, and the transverse spacing of the segments was 3cm. The effect of this horizontal burying method is better than that of vertical Ganoderma lucidum. Finally, the soil is covered comprehensively, and the thickness is 2~3cm. Drenched heavily for two days in a row. Every 200cm, a short curved arch is erected with a piece of bamboo, 15cm off the ground, covered with a film, and slightly opened at both ends. The soil moisture of the buried soil is 20%-22%, and the relative humidity of the air is about 90%.