Cultivation methods of healthy and nutritious herb "perilla"

Perilla is a Labiatae, perilla, annual herb, its roots, stems, leaves and seeds can be used as medicine, twigs and leaves have a special fragrance, can be used as seasoning and vegetables, is an excellent export vegetable to earn foreign exchange. The cultivation techniques are introduced as follows.

First, cultivation techniques:

1. Sowing and raising seedlings. Choose the fertile soil which is not easy to consolidate, good aeration and water retention and high content of humus as the seedbed. The mature chicken and sheep manure 200kg or thick human feces and urine 400kg were applied evenly per mu of seedling bed ahead of the surface. Turn it into the soil and bask in the sun for 10 days, then apply compound fertilizer 5kg and urea 2kg as base fertilizer. The fertiliser and soil are mixed and raked flat and fine to make a bed with a height of 15cm, depending on the terrain and convenient operation. Sow seeds in the middle and last ten days of March and spray 300 times herbicide solution on the bed before sowing. Sow seeds 4 days after spraying, spread the seeds evenly on the bed, cover with thin soil and straw, pour enough water, cover or set up a small arch canopy to flatten. During the seedling raising period, light human feces and urine were applied for 3 times and inter-seedlings for 3 times, and the distance between seedlings was about 3cm. The seedlings were transplanted at the age of 45 days.

2. Land preparation and planting. Perilla can be cultivated in all kinds of soil, and it is better to cultivate loam and sandy loam with pH 6-6.5. Organic fertilizer is the main base fertilizer in the field, and rotten garbage fertilizer 5000kg, manure 3000kg, chicken and sheep manure 1500kg and compound fertilizer 100kg are applied per mu. After the soil is ploughed and dried, the soil is made into a border, the width of the border is 90cm, and the width and depth of the furrow are 30cm. From the end of April to the beginning of May, 6 rows were planted in each row with a row spacing of 15cm × 15cm and 15-20 000 plants per mu. In order to eliminate weeds and prevent the seedlings from being damaged by ground tigers, three days before planting, Weatong was sprayed on the soil surface and bran and trichlorfon with 500 times liquid were sprayed on the border.

3. Pick leaves and fork. After 20 days of planting perilla, for the plants that have grown into 5 stem nodes, all the leaves and branches below the 4 stem nodes should be removed to promote the healthy growth of the plant.

One week after the first stubble leaves were removed, the leaves could be picked when the transverse diameter of the fifth stem node was more than 10cm, and 2 pairs of leaves could be picked each time. The axillary buds on the upper stem nodes were erased from the stem. The peak period of leaf harvesting is from late May to early August, which can be picked every 3 times every 4 days. At the beginning of September, the plant began to grow inflorescence, at this time, 3 pairs of leaves can be kept for coring and branching, so as to meet the standard of finished leaves. In the whole year, there are 36-44 leaves per plant and 1700-2000kg fresh leaves per mu.

4. Fertilizing to control insects.

2. Seed collection:

Seed collection can be carried out in the reserved field, or some plants can be selected in the field as seed plants. However, red and green perilla should be planted in absolute isolation, and mutants should be eliminated to avoid seed mixed degradation. In order to concentrate nutrients for the development and maturity of the middle and lower seeds, the upper part of the inflorescence should be cut off. The seeds can be harvested when the seeds turn brown.