Common propagation methods of camellia

The propagation of camellia can be divided into sexual reproduction and asexual reproduction, and the propagation methods of cutting, grafting, striping and tissue culture are all suitable, among which cutting and grafting are more commonly used. The editor has sorted out the common breeding methods of camellias for you, and friends who like them can learn together.

Camellia (details)

I. Cuttage culture

It is the most suitable around the middle of June and the end of August. The semi-mature branches of the same year with full external tissue, complete leaves and full leaf buds were selected as cuttings, which were 8 cm long and 10 cm long, with 2 leaves at the apex. When cutting, the base takes a little old branch as far as possible, it is easy to form callus after insertion, and the root is fast. Cuttings cut early in the morning, to cut along with the cutting, insert the substrate of about 3 cm, cuttings require leaves to hand over each other, after cutting with fingers. It is better to insert it shallowly, so that it can heal and take root quickly. The inserting bed should be shaded, spray the leaf surface every day, keep it moist, keep the temperature at 20: 25 ℃, heal about 3 weeks after insertion, and take root after 6 weeks. Transplant into a pot when the root is 3-4 cm long. When cutting, 0.4% 0.5% indolebutyric acid solution was dipped in the base of the cuttings for 2-5 seconds, which could obviously promote rooting.

2. Grafting culture

It is often used for varieties with difficulty in rooting or few culture materials. The survival rate of grafting was the highest when the new shoots were semi-qualitative from May to June, and the shoots sprouted quickly after grafting. The rootstock is mainly Camellia oleifera, which is collected in October, stored in winter, sown in early April of the following year, and can be used for grafting when the seedling grows to 4cm. Using the method of tender branch splitting, cut off the germ of the bud rootstock with a blade, cut it longitudinally along the pith in the center of the cross section of the Hypocotyl, then take a section of the scion of Camellia, and cut the base under the node into a positive wedge, immediately insert the cut scion into the bottom of the crack of the rootstock, aim at the cambium on both sides, bind it with cotton thread, and cover it with a clean plastic pocket. Remove the pocket after about 40 days, and sprout in about 60 days.

3. Striping culture

In the rainy season, strong 1-year-old branches are selected, 20 cm from the top, peeled in a ring shape, 1 cm wide, bound with rotten leaf soil and covered with plastic film, rooting after about 60 days, cut off can be potted directly, the survival rate is high.

4. Sowing and breeding

Suitable for single or semidouble varieties. The seeds are ready for sowing when they mature in the middle of October. Shallow sowing is better, vermiculite as substrate, covering 6 mm, room temperature 21 ℃, light for 10 hours per night, can promote seed germination, germination begins 15 days after sowing, seedling height reaches 8 cm within 30 days, seedlings are transplanted when they have 2 or 3 leaves.

5. Tissue culture

The common seedlings of explants were cut into 1cm long after routine disinfection and inoculated on MS medium supplemented with kinetin 1mg / L, 6-benzylaminoadenine 1mg / L and indole acetic acid 0.1mg / L. After 4 weeks of culture, only calli were formed, but not buds. After being transferred to the new medium, a single branch of 4 cm began to form, and then in indole butyric acid 0. Soak in 5 mg / L solution for 20 minutes, then transfer to 1/2MS medium, and grow roots 4 weeks later. After growing on long root medium for 8 weeks, the seedlings were transplanted to a basin filled with perlite and peat.

Planting method of Camellia | planting Technology of Camellia | Culture method of Camellia this paper mainly introduces the planting method of camellia, the planting technology of camellia and the culture method of camellia. [general situation] Camellia, also known as Camellia, belongs to the genus Camellia of Theaceae. Camellia flower is one of the top ten famous flowers in China because of its rich appearance and dignified elegance. It is also one of the world's famous flowers.

Camellia is native to China. In the early 7th century, Japan introduced camellias from China to a large number of camellias in China at the beginning of the 15th century. Camellia was first introduced to Britain in 1739, and then it was introduced into Europe and the United States. So far, the United States, Britain, Japan, Australia and Italy and other countries have developed rapidly in the breeding, culture and production of camellia, and have entered the stage of industrial production, and new varieties, interspecific hybrids and new varieties have been listed continuously.

The cultivation of camellia in China has a long history. Camellia has been cultivated since the Southern Dynasty. Camellia was cultivated as a precious flower in the Tang Dynasty. In the Song Dynasty, the cultivation of camellia was very popular. In the Southern Song Dynasty, camellias from Wenzhou were introduced to Hangzhou and developed rapidly. The varieties of camellia are described and classified in the History of Flowers in the Ming Dynasty. In the Qing Dynasty, cultivated camellias became more popular, and camellia varieties appeared continuously. Since 1949, the cultivation level of camellia in China has been improved to a certain extent, and the breeding of camellia varieties has been developed. At present, there are more than 300 varieties of camellia in China. Mass production has been started in Zhejiang, Fujian and Jiangsu. At present, it has become the main pot ornamental flowers and trees in the flower market in winter.

[morphological characteristics and varieties] Camellia is an evergreen broad-leaved shrub. Leaves alternate, leathery, elliptic, margin serrate, dark green. Flowers solitary or 2-3 on top of branches or in axils of leaves. Single or semidouble flowers. Double. Common varieties are single-petal dawn, ruffled flowers, pure white; golden light, white flowers, pink lines and fine spots; large golden heart, bright red flowers, flower diameter 6-7 cm; semidouble Sailuoyang, flower red, with white spots; big pine nuts, crimson flowers; drunken concubine, pollen red; star peony, peach red. Double white beads, pure white flowers; red hibiscus, bamboo peach; hibiscus, flowers white, with red lines; flowers, pollen red, with irregular red stripes; Wuhe holding the ball, bright red flowers; Hua Fuding, flowers bright red, with a small amount of white spots; eight bachelors, flowers red; red flowers, red flowers; flower Heling, flowers light red, with white spots. The varieties selected from abroad are Adolf AdolpHeAudusson, with large, crimson and double flowers. White (AlbaPlena), large, white, double. Berenica BerenicaBoddy, light pink, semidouble, cold resistant. Debutante, with large flowers, peony type, light pink. Tang Kaila (Doncke-larii) red with white marble stripes, semidouble. Graceful (Elegans), large flowers, anemone shaped, rose red with white spots. Finlandia (Finlandia) light pink / semidouble. Canyon 40 (Glen40), large, crimson, double. Hailmei (Herme), pink with irregular white edges and dark pink stripes, semidouble. Kumasakai (Kumasaka), rose red in rose color. Magnolia (Magnoliaeflora) light red, semidouble. Massotiana (Mathotiana), large rose, crimson, double. Pure (Purity), white flowers, rose, double. In the hybrid camellia there is a giveaway (Donation), large, pink, semidouble; FragrantPint, small, peony, dark pink, very fragrant.

[biological characteristics] Camellia is native to China. Like warm, moist and semi-overcast environment. Afraid of the high temperature, avoid the scorching sun.

The optimum temperature for the growth of camellia is 18: 25 ℃, 13: 18 ℃ from March to September, and 10: 13 ℃ from September to March of the following year. When the temperature is above 12 ℃, the growth stops when the temperature is above 30 ℃. The initial temperature of flowers is 2 ℃, and the suitable temperature for flowers to bloom is 10-20 ℃. The cold-tolerant varieties of camellia can tolerate-10 ℃ for a short time, and the general variety-3murmur4 ℃. Leaf burns occur when the summer temperature exceeds 35 ℃.

Camellia is suitable for sufficient water, humid air environment, avoid drying. In summer and autumn with high temperature and drought, water should be watered or sprayed in time, and the air relative humidity should be 70% and 80%. Pay attention to drainage during the rainy season so as not to cause waterlogging and rot on the roots.

Camellia is a semi-negative plant, suitable for growing under scattered light, afraid of direct light exposure, seedlings need shade. However, long-term overshade is disadvantageous to the growth of camellia, thin leaves and less flowering, affecting the ornamental value. Adult plants need more light to facilitate flower bud formation and flowering.

When cultivated in open field, the soil layer is deep and loose, the drainage is good, and the pH is 5: 6, but the alkaline soil is not suitable for the growth of camellia. Potted soil uses fertile, loose, slightly acidic loam or rotten leaf soil.

[culture methods] Cuttage, grafting, striping, sowing and tissue culture are commonly used.

Cutting culture: the most suitable is about the middle of June and the end of August. The semi-mature branches of the same year with full external tissue, complete leaves and full leaf buds were selected as cuttings, which were 8 cm long and 10 cm long, with 2 leaves at the apex. When cutting, the base takes a little old branch as far as possible, it is easy to form callus after insertion, and the root is fast. Cuttings cut early in the morning, to cut along with the cutting, insert the substrate of about 3 cm, cuttings require leaves to hand over each other, after cutting with fingers. It is better to insert it shallowly, so that it can heal and take root quickly. The inserting bed should be shaded, spray the leaf surface every day, keep it moist, keep the temperature at 20: 25 ℃, heal about 3 weeks after insertion, and take root after 6 weeks. Transplant into a pot when the root is 3-4 cm long. When cutting, 0.4% 0.5% indolebutyric acid solution was dipped in the base of the cuttings for 2-5 seconds, which could obviously promote rooting.

Grafting culture: it is often used for varieties with difficulty in rooting or few culture materials. The survival rate of grafting was the highest when the new shoots were semi-qualitative from May to June, and the shoots sprouted quickly after grafting. The rootstock is mainly Camellia oleifera, which is collected in October, stored in winter, sown in early April of the following year, and can be used for grafting when the seedling grows to 4cm. Using the method of tender branch splitting, cut off the germ of the bud rootstock with a blade, cut it longitudinally along the pith in the center of the cross section of the Hypocotyl, then take a section of the scion of Camellia, and cut the base under the node into a positive wedge, immediately insert the cut scion into the bottom of the crack of the rootstock, aim at the cambium on both sides, bind it with cotton thread, and cover it with a clean plastic pocket. Remove the pocket after about 40 days, and sprout in about 60 days.

Strip culture: plum rainy season selection of strong 1-year-old branches, 20 cm from the top, ring peeling, 1 cm wide, bound with rotten leaf soil and wrapped with plastic film, rooting after about 60 days, cut can be directly potted, the survival rate is high.

Sowing and breeding: suitable for single or semidouble varieties. The seeds are ready for sowing when they mature in the middle of October. Shallow sowing is better, vermiculite as substrate, covering 6 mm, room temperature 21 ℃, light for 10 hours per night, can promote seed germination, germination begins 15 days after sowing, seedling height reaches 8 cm within 30 days, seedlings are transplanted when they have 2 or 3 leaves.

Tissue culture: common seedlings of explants were cut into 1cm long after routine disinfection and inoculated on MS medium supplemented with kinetin 1mg / L, 6-benzylaminoadenine 1mg / L and indole acetic acid 0.1mg / L. After 4 weeks of culture, only calli were formed, but not buds. After transferred to the new medium, a single branch of 4cm was formed, then soaked in 0.5mg / L indolebutyric acid solution for 20 minutes, then transferred to 1/2MS medium, and roots grew after 4 weeks. After growing on long root medium for 8 weeks, the seedlings were transplanted to a basin filled with perlite and peat.

[cultivation management] Camellia flower pot is commonly used in 15-20 cm pot. Camellia root system is fragile, transplanting should be careful not to hurt the root system. Potted camellia, change pots after blooming in spring or September to October every year, cut off only long or dead branches, and replace them with fertile rotten leaf soil. Camellia likes to be moist, but the soil should not be too wet, especially potted plants, which can easily cause rotten roots. On the contrary, impermeable irrigation, too dry, leaves curling, will also affect the development of flower buds.

After changing the pot of camellia in spring, there is no need to apply fertilizer immediately. During the vigorous growth period of stems and leaves after the beginning of summer, fertilize once a month or use "Huiyou" 21 Mel 7 Mel 7 acid fertilizer. From budding to flowering in September, the phosphorus and potassium fertilizer was applied twice. Camellia begins to form flower buds in late summer and early autumn. One or two buds should be left on each shoot, not too many, so as not to consume nutrients and affect the flowering of the main buds. Pay attention to the position of leaf buds when picking buds in order to keep the plant shape beautiful. At the same time, the dry waste buds are easily removed.

[pest control] when camellia is cultivated indoors or in greenhouse, if it is not well ventilated, it is vulnerable to red spiders and shell insects, it can be sprayed or washed with 1000 times omethoate EC. The air humidity is high during the plum rain season, and anthracnose often occurs. It can be sprayed with the same amount of Bordeaux liquid or 1000 times of carbendazim wettable powder.

[postpartum treatment] Camellia has a beautiful crown, bright green leaves, large and colorful flowers, and a long flowering period, coinciding with New Year's Day and the Spring Festival. Potted plants decorate the guest room, study and balcony, showing an elegant and luxurious atmosphere. Planted in the courtyard, accompanied by flower walls and mountains and rocks in front of the pavilion, the scenery is natural and pleasant. In the process of storage and transportation, it is necessary to prevent high temperature and air drying, otherwise buds and flowers are easy to fall off and affect the quality. [Camellia] Culture methods of camellias, pictures of three camellias

Camellia belongs to small trees. There are many varieties of camellias. They are the Chinese traditional ornamental flowers, ranking seventh among the "top ten famous flowers". They are also one of the world's most valuable flowers and trees, and they are easy to grow and feed. Today, the editor will briefly introduce the cultivation methods of camellias. After seeing pictures of camellias, many people want to cultivate camellias, so the editor introduces the cultivation methods of potted camellias at home. Camellias are often grown in 15~20cm pots. Camellia root system is fragile, transplanting should be careful not to hurt the root system. Potted camellia, change pots after blooming in spring or September to October every year, cut off only long or dead branches, and replace them with fertile rotten leaf soil. Camellia likes to be moist, but the soil should not be too wet, especially potted plants, which can easily cause rotten roots. On the contrary, impermeable irrigation, too dry, leaves curling, will also affect the development of flower buds. . the cultivation methods of camellias should pay attention to the maintenance after potted plants. After changing pots in spring, there is no need to apply fertilizer immediately. During the vigorous growth period of stems and leaves in summer, fertilizing once every semimonthly. From budding to flowering in September, two more phosphorus and potassium fertilizers were applied, combined with spraying flower Zhuangtiling to make the buds strong. . Camellia begins to form flower buds in late summer and early autumn. One or two buds should be left on each shoot, not too many, so as not to consume nutrients and affect the flowering of the main buds. Pay attention to the position of leaf buds when picking buds in order to keep the plant shape beautiful. At the same time, the dry waste buds are easily removed. During the growing period, sufficient moisture should be maintained, and the leaves should be sprayed once a day to maintain high air humidity and 50% shade in summer. . in the cultivation of camellias, it is critical to learn to fertilize. Camellias cannot be fertilized excessively and cannot apply thick fertilizer, which is the characteristic of camellias that they do not like thick fertilizer, otherwise it will damage the root system and reduce the number of flowers. The base fertilizer of camellia had better be organic fertilizer, such as fermented chicken and duck manure and animal organs, as well as bean cake, fish bone meal and so on. These organic fertilizers have nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and other components, more comprehensive, and the fertilizer effect is very long. When applying, it can be dried in the sun, crushed into powder, mixed with 5-6 times dry soil, and then removed 2-3 cm away from the root of the plant when turning the basin. . the cultivation method of camellia, camellia has beautiful crown, bright green leaves, large and colorful flowers, and long flowering period, coinciding with New Year's Day and Spring Festival. Potted plants decorate the guest room, study and balcony, showing an elegant and luxurious atmosphere. Planted in the courtyard, accompanied by flower walls and mountains and rocks in front of the pavilion, the scenery is natural and pleasant. In the process of storage and transportation, it is necessary to prevent high temperature and air drying, otherwise buds and flowers are easy to fall off and affect the quality. . Camellia is a plant that can be easily seen in the garden. As the dark green leaves are also very beautiful, you can only use the leaves as a foil to other flowers. But flowers are easy to wither and fall is its disadvantage. You can often see flower beds or potted plants full of primroses. Don't pour too much water. Be careful not to let the roots rot. . put one or two potted camellias in the living room of your home to make your home more green. Camellia always blossoms in winter when almost all flowers wither, which makes people feel very warm. Today, the editor's introduction to the culture methods of camellias ends here. Thank you for your appreciation.