Techniques for Breeding Sexual Species of Gastrodia elata at Low Altitude

In nature, the distribution and cultivation area of Gastrodia elata is above 700 meters above sea level. Gastrodia elata flowers and bears in the middle and late June. The sexual seeds of Gastrodia elata can only grow to 4-6 cm in that year. For example, at a low altitude of about 200 meters, cultivate sexual gastrodia elata seeds, gastrodia elata blossom and bear fruit in the middle of May, and the seeds of gastrodia elata sown can grow to 6-8 cm that year. For many years, we have cultivated sexual gastrodia elata seeds in large areas at low altitudes of 100 meters, and planted them at high altitudes, which has received very good benefits.

1. The time of harvesting and transplanting. Firstly, it is dug in November, and more than 150 grams of arrow hemp with full shape, regular shape and no disease and insect damage are selected. When it is put into a box or basket, one layer of arrow hemp and one layer of filler (fresh moss, wet leaves, etc.) are selected to prevent damage to arrow hemp. It is best to dig and pack well, transport to low altitude places, transplant and store in time; second, dig arrow hemp in late February or early March, and then transport to low altitude places for transplantation. When harvesting and transplanting arrow hemp in spring, two points should be paid attention to: one is that the temperature should be above zero; the other is that the time should not exceed March 20.

2. Transplanting and management. The width of the box is 60 cm, and the length is unlimited. 40-50 cm is reserved for pedestrian pollination. First, 2-3 cm of fine sand is laid on the bottom layer, then arrow hemp is placed on it, and then about 10 cm of fine sand is covered. If transplanting outdoors, pay attention to setting windproof measures, or insert bamboo poles and stakes on both sides of arrow hemp to prevent arrow hemp from sprouting, growing tall, flowering and bearing fruit blown down by wind. Management after transplantation. 1) keep the sand bed wet;2) the environment is ventilated and clean;3) prevent rodents and pests.

3. Pollinate and pick fruit. The seedlings transplanted at an altitude of 100 meters emerged in early April, flowering period was generally in late April, and fruit maturity period was in early and middle May. Gastrodia elata flowers within 3 days after pollination are effective, but should advocate early or timely pollination, the best day to pollinate flowers. It is advisable to keep the air humidity between 70-80% during pollination of Gastrodia elata. 18-20 days after pollination, fruits can be picked when ripe.

4. The destination and treatment of fruits after picking. At an altitude of 100 meters, the temperature is already higher in mid-May, especially on sunny days, when the temperature can reach 20-25℃. Therefore, there are four destinations or treatments after the fruit is picked:

1) Quickly get to a higher altitude for sowing;

2) mixing gastrodia elata seeds with germinated strains for preservation. Seeds, mixed into the germination of species, are to pay attention to two points, one is to ventilate, put in a cool and dry place. Second, the storage time should not exceed 5 days, and it is necessary to immediately get a place with high altitude for sowing;

3) storing the picked Gastrodia elata fruits in a refrigerator (4 +/-DEG C) for 5-7 days;

4) Sowing in situ.

At an altitude of about 100 meters, seed sexual gastrodia elata is sown, and armillaria mellea branches or armillaria mellea materials should be cultivated two months in advance. After sowing, the main management is to keep moisture and prevent the temperature from being too high. In the middle and late July and the middle and early August, the temperature in the cultivation bed is regulated below 28℃. Otherwise, it is necessary to spray drugs around the cultivation field regularly to prevent and control pests and diseases.