Planting method of Fritillaria thunbergii

Fritillaria thunbergii is often propagated by bulbs. Seed propagation has been carried out successfully in Jiangsu Province, but it can not be popularized at present because of the long production cycle and the high stem loss rate of summer seeds in each year. In the case of a shortage of provenances, the broken scales of the seed bulbs can also be used as a breeding material. Cultivated Fritillaria thunbergii can be divided into seed land and commercial land. After the above ground withered, the seed land spent summer in situ. From September to October, the phosphorus stem was dug up and selected according to the diameter of the phosphorus stem, and then planted in the seed land and commercial land respectively.

(1) bulb reproduction: from September to early October, Zhejiang Fritillaria thunbergii in the seed field was dug out and bulbs were selected. No. 2 bulb was generally selected when digging Fritillaria thunbergii. The largest bulb was called Tubei, with a diameter of 4.5 to 7 centimeters, and the smallest bulb was called miscellaneous shellfish, and No. 3 Fritillaria was smaller than No. 2 shellfish, but the quality was still good. It can be used as a commodity as well as a seed in the seed field, while both scallop and miscellaneous shellfish can be used as commodities. If No.2 shellfish is not enough, it can be replaced by No.3 shellfish, and the cultivation management should be strengthened. With fertilization, No. 3 shellfish can also catch up with the growth of No. 2 bulb.

The selection criteria of bulbs in seed fields are 3-5 cm in diameter (about 16 in 0.5 kg), tightly clasped scales, full bud head, no damage and disease, cutting while digging, and other Fritillaria temporarily stored indoors, with a thickness of 5 cm. The crops interplanted in winter were planted in time, harvested and dug in time, which did not affect the growth of Fritillaria thunbergii, and then planted in the commercial field, and all were planted at the end of October.

The next planting period should be from mid-September to early October. The planting density and depth should depend on the size of the bulb.

In the cultivation of Fritillaria thunbergii seed field, the plant row spacing is mainly determined by the size of the bulb. The seed field should be deeply planted, shallow, bulb clasping is not tight, easy to hurt bud, 10-15 cm deep, seed is bigger and deeper, seed is smaller and shallower, commercial planting is shallower, otherwise the bulb will not grow big. Plant deeper on the edge so as not to expose Rain Water.

It is best to use the shallow trench strip planting method, draw lines on the border surface to open the ditch, according to the row spacing of 20 cm, the groove depth is 10 cm 12 cm, the ditch should be straight, the bottom should be flat, in order to facilitate intercropping, the phosphorus stem should be planted according to the row spacing 15~20cm, plant spacing 13 cm 16 cm. The planting depth is 2.5-3 times of the height of the bulb. The bud head is up, plant a row, open the second line, and cover the second line on the previous line in order. Put the bulb should bud head up, and strive to align. Trample tightly after covering the earth. The amount of seed used varies according to the size of the bulb, generally about 400-500 kg for seed land and about 250-300 kg for commercial land. The germination rate of seeds is generally 70% and 80%.

The place of new introduction, the exact time to cut is appropriate, when it is seen that the roots of individual bulbs have protruded scales under wet conditions, it has indicated that it is the next planting season. From the point of view of temperature, it can be planted when the temperature reaches 22-27 ℃. The bulb of No. 2 species is about 6000 kg per hectare, and the No. 3 shellfish is about 9000 kg per hectare.

(2) seed propagation: it takes 4-5 years for reproduction to reach the size of No. 2 and No. 3 bulbs. The collection and arrangement of seed reproduction can improve the reproduction rate and save a lot of medicinal materials, but the breeding time is too long, and most of them use asexual reproduction.