Detailed introduction of artificial breeding techniques of Lycium barbarum

I. Seedling raising techniques

1. Seed collection, seed preparation and seed storage the seed collection period of Lycium barbarum L. is 7.11 months. When the fruit changes from green to purple and black, it should be picked in time, registered and shipped to the designated place. After collecting the seeds, the seeds were washed and threshed with gauze, and then filtered with a fine basket. Dry with cold drying or sun drying in the morning and evening, avoid exposure. The artificial net seed method was used. After being prepared, the seeds are stored in a dry and ventilated place in a fiber bag.

2. For the determination of seed quality, in addition to investigating whether the seed source is good or not, seed quality should also be tested for seed cleanliness, 1000-seed quality, germination rate, vigor, excellence, water content and weight, etc. The most important thing is to test and determine the germination rate of seeds. The method was determined by laboratory sample germination method. The quality of seeds is judged according to the appearance and internal anatomy of seeds.

3. Reproduction

4. Land selection and preparation. Select the land with flat terrain, convenient irrigation, thick soil, pH below 8 and alkali salt no more than 0.3%. Apply barnyard manure 2000-3000kg/667 square meters, deep ploughing 20-30cm in autumn and watering winter water. The next spring shallow ploughing fine rake, border width of 1.2m.

5. Seed propagation is the main method of reproduction. Before sowing, soak the stored seeds in 40 °C warm water for 24 hours to improve the germination rate, generally the germination rate is about 90%. The sowing time is from late March to mid-April. Strip sowing ditched according to row spacing 30cm, ditch depth 0.5-1cm, seeds mixed with some fine sand, evenly sown into the ditch, slightly covered with fine sand, slightly pressed and watered to keep the soil moist, shallow irrigation with small water every 1-2 days, temperature 17-21:00, 5-7 days seedling emergence. The sowing rate is 1-1.5kg/667 square meters, and the seedlings are 40, 000 plants / 667 square meters. If there is no watering condition or insufficient water source, slightly cover the fine sand and soil after sowing, then cover it with plastic film, and then fully cover the plastic film with 1.5-2cm, so that you can not penetrate the sun. Observe every day, when the seeds sprout through the land, choose to remove the plastic film in overcast and rainy weather. In this way, soil moisture can be effectively preserved and water evaporation and soil drying caused by plastic film warming can be avoided. So as to solve the contradiction of deep sowing and sprouting, shallow sowing and sprouting. This method summed up in the specific seedling production is very practical for small seed varieties in places with insufficient water resources, such as the Taiyuan.

II. Field management

1. Weeding in middle ploughing: loosening soil and weeding should be carried out 4-6 times a year after seed emergence, combined with irrigation.

2. Irrigation: timely irrigation according to soil moisture, usually 4-6 times a year.

3. Intermediate seedlings: in June, when the height of seedlings was 3-5cm, there were weak seedlings and over-dense seedlings. The seedlings were fixed around the middle of July, and the distance between seedlings was 10-15cm, which was superior to inferior, weak and strong.

4. Topdressing: in combination with irrigation, quick-acting nitrogen fertilizer was applied 1-2 times in mid-late June, and once again in mid-late July.

5. Pest control: pests include aphids, Lycium barbarum negative mud insects, Lycium barbarum powdery mildew, soot disease, etc., which can be sprayed with 40% omethoate 0.1% solution and carbendazim 0.1% solution.