Intercropping model between traditional Chinese medicine and crops

The intercropping and interplanting of crops and traditional Chinese medicine is an embodiment of scientific farming, which can effectively solve the contradiction between grain and medicine, make full use of natural resources such as land, light energy, air, water, fertilizer and heat, and give full play to the marginal effect and mutual benefit among plants. in order to achieve a bumper harvest of both grain and medicine.

1. Crop surplus land edge set model between a field, the arable area is about 70%, while the field head, ditches, roads and dams account for about 30%, mountain and hilly land account for a larger proportion. Using these idle spaces to plant some varieties of traditional Chinese medicine with strong adaptability and lax requirements for soil can not only effectively use the land and increase income, but also reduce the evaporation of water and nutrients, and control the diseases and insect pests caused by the growth of weeds. For example, the traditional Chinese medicine honeysuckle, which is resistant to waterlogging and drought, and has lax requirements on climate and soil, digs holes in the ground, along the roadsides and canals, and 6 flower seedlings are planted along the four sides of each hole. About 60 seedlings can be planted on the remaining zero edge of every 667 square meters (1 mu). The annual yield of commodities per hole costs 0.5 kg, the market price is 30 yuan / kg, the annual benefit of each hole is 15 yuan, and the annual income of every 667 square meters can be increased by 60 × 15,900 yuan. Other varieties of medicinal materials suitable for planting in the rest of the land are: licorice, Cassia, Radix Atractylodis, Rhizoma Atractylodis, Fructus Schisandrae, papaya, Wang Buliuxing, Yushi, Astragalus, safflower, gentian, rhubarb and so on.

two。 In view of the three-dimensional compound population, the vertical distribution space was used to increase the multiple cropping index, following the principle of pre-ripening to post-ripening and post-ripening for the whole year, the utilization rate of light energy and land was improved, thus the economic benefit was greatly increased. Such as Radix Isatidis-Corn-Bupleurum "three kinds of two harvests a year" planting model. In early spring, a high border with a width of 1.5 meters and a ditch on both sides was made on the fine-raked land. Radix Isatidis was sown on the high border from March to April, and corn was sown according to the plant spacing of 60 cm in the ditch from May to June, with 2 seedlings per plant. In August, when the vegetative growth of corn is completed, Radix Isatidis can be harvested and the next crop will be sown with Bupleurum. At this time, the shade of corn can provide good spare parts for the germination of Bupleurum. Bupleurum seedlings can thrive after the corn harvest in September-October. Other crop varieties suitable for this model include corn, sorghum, sugarcane, cotton and other crops with tall stalks that can provide a shady environment. The varieties planted with Radix Isatidis, Angelica dahurica, Platycodon grandiflorum, Ligusticum chuanxiong, Atractylodes macrocephala, Salvia miltiorrhiza, Shegan, Coix, Bupleurum, Pinellia ternata, Radix Pseudostellariae, Coptis chinensis, grass coral, grass fruit and so on.

3. According to the characteristics and nutrition of plant varieties, the intercropping model of deep root and shallow root is reasonably combined into a group with multi-level utilization of land, light energy, air and heat, so as to increase the thickness of vertical utilization layer. so that the input energy and material as much as possible into economic products, to achieve the purpose of increasing production and efficiency, such as interplanting Cassia and Atractylodes macrocephala in watermelon fields. Because the root system of watermelon is shallow, it can not absorb and utilize the nutrients in the deeper soil layer, but it needs a large amount of water and fertilizer, and the absorption rate is low, so it is necessary to artificially increase the application of nutrients such as water and fertilizer. The interplanted Chinese herbal medicines such as Cassia and Atractylodes macrocephala reduced the loss of nutrients by absorbing the excess nutrients in the surface layer, and could absorb the nutrients in the deeper soil layer to meet the needs of their own growth. The crop varieties suitable for this model are wax gourd, pumpkin, sweet potato, potato, soybean and so on. the varieties of traditional Chinese medicine planted with licorice, honeysuckle, Radix Astragali, Platycodon grandiflorum, Atractylodes macrocephala, Angelica dahurica, safflower, yam, Coix, papaya, Anemarrhena anemarrhena, ginger, saffron. The intercropping methods of traditional Chinese medicine and crops include: interbed cover, interrow cover, border middle cover, ridge interbed cover and mixed cropping and so on. No matter what kind of intercropping method is adopted, attention should be paid to the reasonable collocation of large and thin plant types, broad leaves and narrow leaves, parallel leaves and erect leaves, long and short growth periods, and the relationship among light, temperature, water and nutritional conditions. maintain the authentic nature of traditional Chinese medicine varieties.