High-yield cultivation techniques of Chinese Herbal Medicine Shegan

Shegan is a perennial herb of Iridaceae, its rhizome is used in medicine, it has the effect of clearing heat and detoxification, eliminating pharynx and pharynx, it is a commonly used traditional Chinese medicine; some cities are also used as flowers to beautify the environment. Due to the increasing depletion of wild resources and increasing demand, artificial cultivation has been carried out in some parts of the country.

I. cultivation methods

1. The dry soil preparation has a certain alkali tolerance and drought resistance. Generally, hillsides, flat land and sandy land with good drainage can be planted, but the fertile sandy soil is the best, which is not suitable for cultivation in low-lying areas with poor drainage or heavy clayey land. Turn 24-33 cm deep in autumn and rake 2-3 times; apply foot bottom fertilizer in the spring of the second year and make a flat bed.

two。 Reproduction is divided into two types, one is seed reproduction, the other is rhizome reproduction. ① seed propagation: when White Dew collected mature seeds, put them in a ventilated and dry place to cool and dry, and sowed them from Qingming Festival to Grain Rain in the second year. According to the row spacing of 15-20 cm, open a shallow trench 1.5 cm deep, spread the seeds evenly, cover the soil and water. About 2 kilograms of seeds are needed per mu. After emergence, the seedlings were transplanted at the end of autumn in the first year or in the spring of the second year according to the plant spacing of 6-8 cm. At the end of autumn of the first year after sowing, the best time for transplanting is partial withering of the ground or before sprouting in spring. When cutting, dig holes according to row spacing of 25 cm and plant spacing of 15 cm, put a handful of stable fertilizer into each hole, and then plant dried seedlings into the hole, cover the soil, compact and water them. ② rhizome propagation: in the middle and last ten days of April, the underground overwintering rhizome was planed, and the rhizome with strong growth was selected for planting. The overwintering buds on the rhizome are flat and long, obviously, they can be cut into segments according to the number of buds; at least 1-2 buds are left on each segment, and the wounds are slightly air-dried after cutting, that is, planting. Dig the hole according to the row spacing of 35 cm, the hole spacing is 15 cm, the depth of the hole is 6 cm, and the bud is placed upward. If the bud is green, the top growth point will be exposed to the ground; if there is no green bud, all can be buried in the soil, covering 4 cm, gently compacted.

II. Field management

1. After weeding and emergence of seedlings, shallow hoe to preserve soil moisture, grass should be hoed in time. Those who transplant to the field with roots should weed and loosen the soil after emergence in spring and combine with soil cultivation when weeding in summer and autumn. The buds should be removed in time when they are found. As flowers, there is no need to remove them.

two。 Irrigation and drainage is drought-resistant and afraid of stagnant water, especially when it is rainy from July to August. Generally do not need irrigation, if it is too dry, it can also be irrigated.

3. Topdressing was applied twice at seedling stage to make the seedlings sturdy. When the seedling height is about 10 cm, after weeding and loosening the soil, topdressing ammonium sulfate per mu is 12 kg; after weeding from June to July, topdressing is applied once into feces, urine and phosphate fertilizer.

III. Pest control

1. Disease root rot disease often occurs in cattle in the rainy season in summer and autumn or in the land of stagnant water. Prevention and control hall method: pay attention to drainage, remove diseased plants, and sprinkle lime in the hole to disinfect.

two。 Insect pests include grubs, ground tigers, drill worms and aphids. Grubs and ground tigers can be sprayed with poisonous soil, while drillworms can be sprayed with good helpers.

4. after harvesting and processing and planting for 2-3 years, the rhizomes dug at the end of autumn are processed and used as medicine except for the buds, which are washed from the soil and dried in the sun during processing, or can be dried directly after semi-drying.