Cultivation method of tree-type honeysuckle

Cultivation and management of tree honeysuckle:

⑴ land selection and preparation

First, the use of barren mountain development and planting; second, the existing cultivated land planting; third, the use of the front and back of the house edge, ditch, sporadic planting. If the use of barren mountains into a piece of development, it is best to open a trapezoidal pit, keep 1.5-2 meters above, in order to facilitate the root growth of honeysuckle.

⑵ seedling

Before the beginning of spring germination or the dormant period in autumn and winter, dig holes in the whole planting ground according to the plant distance of 1 or 2 meters, with a depth of 80 cm, apply 5-10 kg of pig and cow manure or soil fertilizer to each hole, mix well with the soil, and then plant a strong seedling in each hole, fill fine soil and compaction, pour through the fixed root water.

⑶ ploughing and weeding

After the strong seedlings survived, they were ploughed 2-3 times a year, the first time when new leaves appeared before and after sprouting in spring, the second in July-August, and the third in late autumn and early winter. After weeding, the soil should be cultivated in the rhizosphere of the plant to survive the winter. in the middle tillage, it should be shallow around the rhizosphere and a little deeper in the distance to avoid root injury. The first 1-3 years after planting. You can interplant low crops that yield that year's income.

⑷ topdressing

Every year, after sprouting in early spring and picking flowers in summer, topdressing should be carried out once, mainly with organic fertilizer such as grass fertilizer or compost, and urea or compound fertilizer should be applied at the same time. The fertilizer should be filled in a ditch 50 cm away from the plant, covered with soil cover fertilizer, and when chemical fertilizer is applied alone, it should be applied in a ring-shaped ditch around the plant, and after application, the soil cover fertilizer should be used to cultivate ±5 cm.

⑸ shaping and pruning

After the seedlings are planted, they are pruned and cultivated into umbrella-shaped upright trees, and the specific methods of shaping and pruning are as follows: within 1-2 years after planting, the main purpose is to cultivate an upright and sturdy trunk, that is, in the first year, when the height of the trunk is about 40-60 cm, cut off the top tip and promote the lateral buds to grow into branches: after germination in the spring of the following year, 5-6 thick branches are left on the upper part of the main branch, which is divided into two layers of ladder, and the second branch grows from the first branch in winter. Keep 7-9 pairs of buds, cut off the upper part, and the flower branches grow on the secondary branches. Through shaping and pruning, an umbrella-shaped tree with uniform distribution, ventilation and light, stout and upright trunk. Because honeysuckle has the characteristics that new branches can develop into flower branches in the same year. Through the above pruning measures, we can promote multiple new technologies, form more buds, and achieve the purpose of increasing production. Annual winter pruning should be carried out before the Beginning of Winter, and old branches, disease and insect branches, thin and weak branches, cross branches, long branches that disturb the tree shape, etc., should be cut off. Concentrate nutrients on drawing new branches and forming buds, and topdressing should be done once after pruning.

⑹ pest control

Powdery mildew: harm to the leaves and tender stems of Flos Lonicerae. At the initial stage of the disease, round white velvet spots appear, and then they continue to expand and connect into pieces, causing falling flowers and withered leaves, making the branches dry up. Control methods: a breeding disease-resistant varieties: B reasonable close planting, shaping and pruning, improving ventilation and light transmission conditions: C spraying trees with 1500 times triazole copper at seedling stage; D spraying methyl topiramate or carbendazim at early budding stage for prevention. Anthracnose: perfused with 500-1000 times diluted with dimethazone powder; rust was sprayed with 200-250x solution (50kg solution plus 50g washing powder as stain). The main insect pests are aphids, red spiders and caterpillars. Dichlorvos, aldicarb and other pesticides are used for control according to the conventional methods of vegetables and fruits, and can also be sprayed with the extract of tobacco, lime and water (5-1-1-100).

Attention should be paid to the strict prohibition of toxic pesticides in the bud stage (flowering stage) to prevent poisoning and loss of product utilization value.

Harvest and processing: adopted by ①. Generally, flowers are picked in the second year after planting, and the picking time is about 15 days. Timely picking is the key to improve the yield and quality of honeysuckle, usually from June to July. The harvest period must be picked in late June, which is of poor quality and low yield too early, and does not bloom too late, resulting in losses. When picking, pick it from the flower stalk to avoid losing branches and leaves as much as possible. ② processing. Honeysuckle should be processed in time after picking to prevent rotting and discoloration. The method of treatment is to smoke sulfur, sun-dry or dry. A fumigation: (1.5-2 jin of sulfur is suitable for 100 jin of fresh flowers) put the freshly picked flowers in the fumigation cage, put the sulfur in the bowl, light it at the bottom of the fumigation cage, seal and fumigate for 1-2 hours, wait for the sulfur to burn out, and the honeysuckle can be discolored. Sulfur smoked can be directly dried by a dryer, the quality of drying is better than that of sun drying, and the price is high.

After drying or drying, it is necessary to remove impurities in branches and leaves, with dry body, golden color, more buds and fragrance as high-quality products, which can be sold on the market.