Standardized and High-yielding planting techniques of Polygonum multiflorum

(1) arrange suitable soil and stubble

Polygonum multiflorum has less strict requirements on soil, and general soil can be planted, but the soil fertility is better than that of fertile soil, high groundwater level and good irrigation and drainage conditions. In the stubble, it can be planted in spring, interplanting or transplanting after wheat, but the yield of spring seed is high and the quality is good.

(2) choose and retain good seed roots

When ploughing and harvesting last year, pay attention to selecting disease-free, frost-free, non-damaged, strong and full main tuber roots as seed roots. The number of seed roots is 7C-80kg per mu, and the roots are stored in the cellar to survive the winter. The cellar should be dug in a place with leeward direction and dry terrain. If the storage capacity is large, the cellar shape can be built like a potato cellar; if the storage capacity is small, the cellar can be dug 1.5 meters deep and 1.5 meters wide, and the length of the cellar depends on the storage capacity.

(3) adequate application of basic fertilizer and fine soil preparation

The base fertilizer should be based on organic fertilizer, combined with phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, and little or no nitrogen fertilizer. Before soil preparation, 5 cubic meters of miscellaneous fertilizer is applied per mu, 50 kg of calcium superphosphate, 50 kg of superphosphate and 20 kg of potassium sulfate. Winter fallow fields sown in spring should be ploughed and frozen in winter before winter, and ploughed with base fertilizer after the beginning of spring. Wheat row interplanting should set aside interplanting ridges during wheat sowing, with an empty width of not less than 30 centimeters, and be applied when base fertilizer is combined with artificial ridging and turning over the soil.

(4) sowing at the right time

The earliest sowing time should be carried out when the average temperature is more than 10 ℃, and spring sowing in Xuzhou City is usually in the first ten days of April. Both interplanting and post-wheat planting should be carried out to facilitate late-stubble seedlings. Polygonum multiflorum can not be seeded due to local climate and can be propagated by root. Before sowing, soak the seed root in clean water for 1 hour, then cut it into small pieces of 3 cm long. When sowing, pure cropping field cable trench, ditch depth of about 6 cm, row spacing of 30ml / m 35cm, hole spacing of 20m / m, 8000 holes per mu. Cover soil after sowing, suppress and preserve soil moisture, or cover with plastic film. Intercropping the field, fixing the hole according to the row, and sealing the soil firmly after planting. Polygonum multiflorum in wheat stubble should be raised and transplanted, which is beneficial to early seedling, whole seedling and strong seedling. If the soil moisture is insufficient after planting, the soil moisture must be irrigated to ensure the whole seedling.

(5) timely field management

Polygonum multiflorum has a long seedling stage, late closure and easy to grow weeds. Weeding and loosening soil should be done as soon as possible after emergence, and then loose hoe should be carried out later according to the specific situation. When the main stem vine grows to more than 30 cm, you can stop loosening the soil and weeding. In topdressing, we should grasp the principle of early application of seedling fertilizer, light application of plant fertilizer, and heavy application of expansion fertilizer. In the field with insufficient base fertilizer, the quick-acting nitrogen fertilizer was applied once after the whole seedling, and the standard nitrogen fertilizer was 5 kilograms per mu. When the main stem grows to 6 MULTHUE 8 nodes and has 4 branches of 3 MULTHUE, it should be applied once, generally applying 15 kg standard nitrogen fertilizer per mu. When the root tuber is in the stage of elongation and expansion, it is necessary to apply root fertilizer, mainly phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, and generally apply 10 kg of potassium dihydrogen phosphate per mu. Climbing Polygonum multiflorum and adding stents can improve the light transmission conditions in the field, increase the photosynthetic efficiency and prolong the functional period of the basal leaves. Generally, in the late stage of growing, 500 Murray 600 branches are inserted per mu to let the vines climb. To control insect pests, there are mainly Chinese leafhoppers, aphids, red spiders and so on. In particular, the Chinese mopper leafhopper is a destructive pest of Polygonum multiflorum. When the adult is harmful, it can be sprayed with 2000 times of dichlorvos EC, and 2000 times of trichlorfon can be used to control larvae. The seedling stage is also vulnerable to aphids, which can be sprayed with 2000 times of omethoate.

(6) timely harvest

Can be planed in late October, when ploughing, remove the vine and wipe off the hairy root soil, and pay attention to separate storage. Polygonum multiflorum is a perennial plant, its root tuber can overwinter in the ground, the growth of the second year is not affected, and the yield of tuber root can be more than doubled.