Cultivation techniques of Radix Glehniae

Radix Glehniae is the dried root of Glehnia littoralis, also known as Laiyang adenophora. It has the function of nourishing yin and clearing lung, expelling phlegm and relieving disease. Mainly produces Shandong, Hebei, Liaoning, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Fujian and other provinces also produce.

(1) morphological characteristics

Herbs perennial, about 30 cm tall. The main root is slender, cylindrical. Stem erect, less branched. Cauline leaves long stalked, base slightly broadly sheathed, leaves 1-3-Ternate to deeply divided, leaf blade leathery; ovoid, margin serrate, upper leaves of stem undivided, sparsely pilose on both sides. Umbels compound, densely gray-brown tomentose, umbrella 10-20, unequal; involucre-absent, involucral bracts 8-12, lanceolate; umbellules with florets 15-20, tomentose, flowers small, white, calyx teeth 5, narrowly triangular-lanceolate, sparsely hirsute; petals 5, apex inflexed; stamens 5; pistil 1, ovary inferior, style base oblate-conical, stigma 2-lobed. Double hanging fruit globose or oval, fruit ribs winged, covered with brown hirsute, surface yellowish brown or yellowish brown, 1 seed. The flowering period is from May to July and the fruiting period is from June to August.

(2) growth habits

Like warm and humid climate, cold resistance, drought resistance, avoid waterlogging, avoid continuous cropping and peanut stubble.

Seeds belong to the type of low temperature dormancy after embryo ripening. Generally, the post-ripening process can only be completed after 4 months at the soil temperature below 5C, and the seeds can germinate normally. The life span of seeds is the full year.

(3) cultivation techniques

1. The sandy loam with deep soil layer, loose and fertile soil and convenient drainage and irrigation is selected for land selection and soil preparation, and wheat, millet and corn are better in the previous crop. Clay and low-lying waterlogged land are not suitable for planting. Every 1000 square meters, 6000 kg of farm manure is applied as base fertilizer, turned 50 cm ~ 60 cm deep, raked flat and made into a bed 1.5 meters wide, with drainage ditches 50 cm deep around.

2. the method of reproduction is to propagate with seeds, and it is better to sow in autumn. There are two ways to sow seeds. Wide strip sowing: the sowing width is about 15 cm, a 4 cm deep ditch is opened laterally along the border, the bottom of the ditch should be flat, the row spacing is 25 cm, and the seed is evenly scattered, the seed spacing is 4 cm ~ 5 cm. The method of covering soil is to cover the front ditch with overflowing soil when opening the second ditch, and the suitable thickness of covering soil is 3 cm. Narrow strip sowing: the broadcast width is 6 cm, the line spacing is about 15 cm, and the others are the same as the wide strip. The sowing rate depends on the quality of the soil, generally 6 kg ~ 9 kg per 1000 square meters. Pure sandy land should be suppressed with yellow mud or small crisp stone after sowing, so as not to blow away the seeds by strong wind.

3. Field management after thawing in early spring, if the ground is hardened, iron rake should be used to loosen the soil and preserve soil moisture. Because Radix Glehniae is a densely planted crop with small row spacing, tender stems and leaves and easy to break, it is not suitable to plough with a hoe after emergence. Grass must be pulled at any time. When the seedlings have 2 or 3 true leaves, they will form triangular seedlings according to the plant spacing of about 3 cm. If small ginseng seedlings are found to show buds, they should be removed in time. Stagnant water in the rainy season should be removed in time.

4. Pest control

(1) Root knot nematode disease: it begins in May and damages the root. For prevention and treatment, see Salvia miltiorrhiza.

(2) virus disease: it began in the first and middle of May, causing damage to leaves and the whole plant. Control aphids and red spiders; select disease-free plants and leave seeds.

(3) Rust: also known as anthrax, it began in mid-and late July, harming stems and leaves. For prevention and control, see Bupleurum.

(4) Heart drills: the larvae drill into the leaves, stems, roots and buds of ginseng. Control methods: in the windless night from July to August, the adults were trapped by light, and when the egg stage and the first eggs of the larvae were not drilled into the plant, they were sprayed with 1000 times of 90% trichlorfon or 20% dimethoate.