Planting technique of Schizonepeta tenuifolia

I. Plant morphology

Annual herbs, high in 80~100cm, with strong aroma. Stem square, pubescent, purplish at base, much branched distally. The flowering period is 6-8 months and the fruiting period is from July to September. Nutlets ovate or elliptic, surface smooth brown. It is cultivated in most parts of the country. It mainly produces Hebei, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Hubei and Hunan.

Second, growth habits

Schizonepeta tenuifolia has lax requirements on climate, soil and other environmental conditions, and can be planted in the north and south of our country. Like warm and humid climate. The seedlings can withstand the low temperature of about 0 ℃, and the freezing injury will occur when the temperature is below-2 ℃. Avoid drought and stagnant water, avoid continuous cropping. The optimum temperature for seed germination is 15-20 ℃. The life span of seeds is 1 year.

III. Cultivation techniques

1. Land selection and preparation: it is advisable to choose sandy loam with relatively fertile, moist and well drained soil for planting, and the terrain should be sunny and flat. The seeds of Schizonepeta tenuifolia are small, and the soil preparation must be meticulous and fully fertilized at the same time, about 35-40 kg per mu of compound fertilizer. Then ploughing and turning to a depth of about 25 cm, crushing the clods, repeatedly fine raking, leveling.

2. Propagation methods: seed propagation, direct seeding or seedling transplanting. It is usually broadcast live in spring or summer.

Spring sowing from March to April and summer sowing from May to June. Immediately after the wheat harvest, the soil is prepared to make a bed, with a row spacing of 40 cm and a shallow ditch 0.5 cm deep. When sowing, sow the seeds evenly in the ditch, cover the soil flat, and suppress it slightly. Use 1 kilogram of seeds per mu. It can also be sowed in spring or autumn, but autumn sowing takes a long time and is generally seldom used. Sowing method can also be used to sow.

3. Field management

(1) weeding in middle ploughing: shallow ploughing should be done so as not to overwhelm the seedlings. The sower only needs to weed. Depending on soil consolidation and weeds, weeding can be done 1-2 times in the middle tillage.

(2) topdressing: Schizonepeta tenuifolia needs more nitrogen fertilizer, but in order to have more stalks and strong ears, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer should be applied properly. When the seedling height is 10 cm, 25-30 kg urea per mu can be applied, and a small amount of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer can be applied.

(3) drainage and irrigation: the seedling stage should be often watered to facilitate growth, and the drought resistance of adult plants should be enhanced, but waterlogging should be avoided, so if there are too many Rain Water, stagnant water should be eliminated in time.

4. Pest control

(1) Root rot: it is easy to occur at high temperature and stagnant water.

(2) Stem blight: damage to stems, leaves and flowers. Control methods: clean the countryside; rotate with Gramineae crops; rake into 3-4 cm soil layer with 200 kg of compost per mu.

(3) pests: there are land tigers, Spodoptera litura and so on.

(4) harvesting and processing

Spring sower, harvest from August to September of that year; summer sower, harvest in October of that year. When part of the seeds on the flower ear turn brown and the top flowers have not yet fallen, the whole plant is cut off from the base with a sickle and dried in the sun; if only the flower ear is collected, it is called the bauhinia mustard ear, and the straw that goes to the ear is called the stem. It is better for Schizonepeta mandshurica to have thick green stem, long ear and dense ear, and for ear length, no stem, rich aroma and no impurities. Generally speaking, the yield of whole bauhinia is about 500 kilograms per mu.

(5) before autumn harvest, a single plant with strong plants, numerous branches, many and dense ears and no diseases and insect pests should be selected as seed plants in the field. The harvest time must be 15-20 days later than the harvest of the product. When the seeds are fully mature, full, dark brown or brown, dry and thresh, remove impurities, put them in a cloth bag and hang them in a ventilated and dry place for storage.