A New Standardized Cultivation Technique of Peucedanum

Peucedanumdecursivum (Miq.) Maxim, a perennial herb of Umbelliferae, is 1-2m high. Leaves 1 to nearly 2 pinnately divided, the margin of petiolule winged and elongated, the final lobe elliptic, oblong-lanceolate to Obovate-elliptic, 5-13cm long, 2.5-5.5cm wide, margin fine and regular serrate; upper stem leaves into inflated purple leaf sheaths. Inflorescences compound, terminal or axillary; involucre several, lanceolate; flowers dark purple, subglobose umbellules, pedicels filiform. The fruit is ovoid to ovate-long elliptic. The florescence is from August to September and the fruiting period is October.

Born on hillsides, forest margins or thickets or grasslands. It mainly produces Jiangxi and Anhui. Harvesting: from winter to the next spring, when the stems and leaves wither or do not pick flowers, remove the fibrous roots, dry in the sun or dry at low temperature.

The root is thick and has several branches. Leaf blade strongly papery, 1 to nearly 2-pinnately divided, lower first lobe with petiolule, 3-lobed, margin of petiolule winged extended, base of lateral lobe and apical lobe confluent, or apical lobe with 3 lobules, winglike extension above common petiolule, wings serrate, final lobe elliptic, oblong-lanceolate to Obovate-elliptic, 513 cm long, 2.5-5.5 cm wide The edge is fine and regular serrated, and the petiole is 10-20 cm long. The upper leaves of the stem were gradually simplified into broad and inflated purple leaf sheaths. Inflorescences compound, terminal or axillary; umbels 3-8 cm long, pilose; involucre 1-2; involucre several, lanceolate; rays 10 rays 20, pilose, purple, 2-4.5 cm long; flowers dark purple, subglobose umbellules, pedicels filiform. The fruit is ovoid to ovate-long-elliptic, about 6 mm long and 4 mm wide, the dorsal part of the meristem is flat, each furrow has tubules 1-3, and the commissure has tubules 4-6; the ventral side of the endosperm is straight.

I. Propagation methods

There are more seeds and the germination rate of seeds is higher, which can be propagated by seeds, seedling transplanting or direct seeding. The fruit is usually ripe from September to October, and the fruit is yellow and white.

When Peucedanum praeruptorum is used, cut off with scissors and pedicels, put it indoors and ripen for a period of time, then rub the fruit, remove impurities and dry it for storage.

II. Land selection and preparation

Select and prepare land for planting on flat or sloping land with plenty of sunshine and moist soil without stagnant water. It is best to remove the dead and weeds in front of the ground in the winter of the first year, lay them on the ground and burn them, and then dig deep into the land to survive the winter. In February of the following year, the rotten pig and cow manure was applied to turn the soil again to remove weeds and rake fine and flat.

Third, it is generally better to sow seeds by direct seeding.

It is better to sow seeds in the first ten days of March by hole sowing or strip sowing, which is convenient for weeding and fertilization management. The hole is opened on the border by 8 inches square, with a depth of 1.5 inches. Sprinkle the seeds with fiery soil ash evenly into the hole, then cover with a layer of soil or fiery soil ash until the seeds are not seen. Finally, covering the grass to preserve soil moisture is conducive to the neat emergence of seedlings, which can be removed when sprouting. The amount of seed used per mu is 2-3 jin.

IV. Field management

(1) the cultivation and management of Peucedanum praeruptorum is relatively easy, mainly weeding. The ways of weeding include chemical weeding and artificial weeding. Chemical weeding: ① weeding before sowing. Chemical weeding should be based on soil application before sowing, and one application can ensure that the whole growth period will not be harmed by weeds. The common soil treatment agents before sowing are as follows: 1.48% trifluralin EC: trifluralin has a wide herbicide spectrum, which can effectively control 1-year-old Gramineae weeds propagated by seeds. The period of validity in the field is 2-3 months, and the spraying time: before the weeds germinate 5-10 days before sowing, the water 40~50kg is treated with 48% trifluralin EC 80~100ml per mu, and the topsoil is sprayed evenly. After spraying, the liquid should be mixed into the 5~7cm soil layer in time, and the seeds can not be sown until 5-7 days after spraying. 2.50% Acetochlor EC: before or after sowing, but must be applied before weeds are unearthed. The soil surface was evenly sprayed with this agent 70~75ml on water 40~60kg per mu. Weeding before seedling after sowing in ②. Peucedanum praeruptorum emerged 15 days after sowing, so 20 grams of water-free agent 150~250ml could be used to spray water 25~30kg in the field before the weeds were green and Peucedanum praeruptorum had not yet emerged. You can also choose 41% Roundup or glyphosate water agent 150~200ml to spray water 30~40kg. The above agents must not be used to control weeds after the emergence of Bupleurum, so as not to kill the seedlings. According to the results of the test in 2005, the spray should be applied within 14 days.

Weeds were removed after emergence of ③. No experiment was carried out in 2005, so we must choose and use it carefully. Artificial weeding. Intertillage weeding is generally carried out before the closure, and the depth of intertillage depends on the growth of the lower part of the base area. The plant of traditional Chinese medicine at seedling stage is small, and weeds are easy to breed, so weeds should be weeded frequently. After the plant grows luxuriantly, weeding should not be used at this time to avoid damaging the plant. Manual weeding can be used, but it is time-consuming and laborious.

(2) fertilization. The amount of fertilizer needed for Qianhu is small, and some pig and cow manure is applied in the early stage. After the seedlings come out, combined with ploughing and weeding, human and animal dung water or urea can be applied, and some compound fertilizer can be applied later. Be careful not to hurt roots and leaves when fertilizing.

(3) Disease and pest control. It is mainly powdery mildew. After the disease, powdery spots appear on the leaf surface, gradually enlarge, and the leaves turn yellow and wilt. Prevention and treatment: diseased plants were pulled out and burned in time, and triazole copper was sprayed to prevent and cure.

V. Harvest and processing

In November in autumn, first cut off the withered stem, dig out the whole root, remove the sand (do not wash) and transport it home, let it dry for 2-3 days, and dry when the root becomes soft. The dry rate of Bupleurum is about 40%, the average yield is 300-400 jin per mu, and the high yield can reach 600 jin.