The difference between traditional agriculture and modern agriculture

Under the condition of natural economy, traditional agriculture adopts manual labor based on manpower, animal power, hand tools, iron and so on, develops by traditional experience accumulated from generations, and occupies a dominant position with self-sufficient natural economy. It is agriculture that uses farming methods and agricultural techniques inherited in history. Let's take a look at the difference between traditional agriculture and modern agriculture.

Business objectives are different

The traditional agricultural production technology is backward, the production efficiency is low, the ability of farmers to resist natural disasters is very limited, agricultural production is greatly affected by the natural environment, and the phenomenon of "relying on nature for a living" is more common. In order to prevent the threat of natural disasters to people's survival, farmers try their best to produce more and store more food in case of accidents, that is, to maximize production as their production goal, and the main means to increase production is to increase labor input. The management goal of modern agriculture is to maximize profits, that is, to maximize profits with a certain amount of investment. Because modern agriculture is like modern enterprises, employers have to pay wages to the employed, only when the marginal income of labor is greater than wages, employers will be profitable and will increase labor input. Therefore, in order to transition from traditional agriculture to modern agriculture, the goal of agricultural production must be changed from the yield maximization of self-sufficient consumption to the profit maximization of commercial production. The first condition to complete this transformation is the decline in the proportion of agricultural labor force and the relief of agricultural population pressure. Under the pressure of huge agricultural population, it is impossible to realize the transformation of agricultural production goal from tradition to modernization.

Technical content is different

The technological progress in the field of agriculture is realized through the continuous input of modern agricultural elements condensing advanced technology. The traditional elements are obtained from within the agricultural sector and from nature, with low technological content and long-term stagnation, the state invests less in agriculture and requires a large number of labor force in agricultural production. Under the condition that the contradiction between human and land is very prominent, the use of agricultural machinery will further aggravate this contradiction. Therefore, in the traditional agricultural society, the application and popularization of agricultural machinery are often restrained. Modern agriculture is armed with modern science and technology, and its elements are mostly provided by modern industrial departments and service departments outside the agricultural sector. The growth of modern agricultural factor input and the improvement of agricultural modern science and technology content means the reduction of labor capacity in the agricultural sector. Therefore, agricultural modernization is closely related to industrialization and the strategic transfer of agricultural population.

Business scale is different.

1. Modern agriculture is the agriculture in which operators pursue profit maximization. This goal cannot be achieved on the basis of small-scale or ultra-small-scale traditional agriculture for the purpose of meeting self-sufficient consumption, but farmers must get rid of the survival pressure of producers on a larger scale. Profit maximization can only be achieved when they pursue the goal.

2. Modern agriculture is a high-income agriculture. Throughout the developed countries in the world, farmers are relatively well-off and have a high income, which must be based on a larger scale of agricultural operation.

3. Modern agriculture is agriculture with high commodity rate of agricultural products. To measure the development level of a country's agriculture, the key depends on the commodity rate of agricultural products, and the commodity rate of agricultural products must be related to the larger scale of agricultural management.

4. Modern agriculture is high-tech agriculture. Traditional agriculture mainly uses human and animal power, while modern agriculture is armed with modern mechanical technology, modern biochemical technology and modern management technology. In particular, the application of large-scale agricultural machinery must have a larger operating space, so it also needs a larger farm scale.