Location factors of agriculture

Agricultural production is a production department in which people make use of the natural productivity of the land to cultivate plants or raise animals to obtain the products they need. the growth and development of animals and plants requires a lot of natural conditions such as light, heat, water, topography, soil and so on, and different animals and plants need different natural conditions, due to the differences in natural conditions, socio-economic conditions and national policies around the world. For this reason, the agricultural location factors vary greatly from place to place.

Natural condition

1. Climate: heat, light, precipitation, monsoon and other climatic factors have a great impact on agricultural location, which is the most important factor affecting crop distribution and agricultural development. The growth and development of different animals and plants requires different climatic conditions, and the distribution of climatic conditions has obvious regional differences. Therefore, the choice of agriculture in a region should fully take into account the local climate factors.

2. Moisture: in arid areas with annual precipitation less than 250 mm, agriculture can not be developed except for irrigation water.

3. Topography: different topographic areas are suitable for the development of different types of agriculture. The plain area is flat and the soil layer is deep, which is conducive to the realization of water conservancy and mechanization of agriculture, and is suitable for the development of tillage operations. Mountain farming is inconvenient and not easy for soil and water conservation, but it is suitable for the development of forestry and animal husbandry. The vertical differentiation of natural conditions in mountainous areas makes the distribution of crops vertical and diversified, while those with complex topography are suitable for diversified economy.

4. Soil: soil is the material basis for the growth of crops. Different kinds of soil are suitable for growing different crops. For example, acidic red soil is widely distributed in the hills of southeastern China, which is suitable for planting tea trees and so on. The degree of soil fertility also has a great impact on agriculture, such as Northeast Plain (black soil) and North China Plain (calcareous soil). The soil is fertile and the yield of rice per unit area is higher.

Social condition

1. Market: agricultural products have to be sold on the market in order to realize their value, so the market demand affects the type and scale of agricultural production.

2. Transportation: the choice of agriculture must take full account of the local transportation conditions. Horticulture and dairy industry require convenient and fast transportation because of their short shelf life.

3. Policy: the agriculture of all countries in the world is affected by national policies and government intervention. For example, our government has actively built commercial agricultural production bases since the 1980s, which has had a far-reaching impact on the agricultural location of our country.

Production technology

1. Industrial foundation: the development of agriculture needs a certain industrial foundation, and industry and agriculture are closely related. For example, the northeast of our country is an old industrial base, which is more beneficial to the development of agriculture.

2. Labor force: Labor force is also one of the very important agricultural location factors. Without sufficient labor force, there can be no intensive and developed agriculture. China's agricultural production has not yet been fully mechanized. For example, rice cultivation, dry grain agriculture and so on need a lot of labor.

3. Land price: the level of land price also determines the use and value of the area. If the land rent is too high, no one will consider planting land here and developing large-scale agriculture.

Technical conditions

1. Improved varieties: high-quality seeds can increase yield, such as Yuan Longping's hybrid rice.

2. Chemical fertilizer: chemical fertilizer can remove insects and increase production, so the land needed is relatively less, but it does great harm to the environment and will reduce the service life of the land.

3. Machinery: using agricultural machinery instead of manual sowing and harvesting can save time, improve efficiency and obtain greater benefits.

4. Irrigation: scientific irrigation techniques should be decided according to the local climate. For example, Israel was short of water and invented the method of drip irrigation.