Techniques of raising cattle with forage grass

Forage grass is the basis of raising cattle, which not only contains all kinds of nutrients necessary for cattle, but also contains crude fiber that is especially important for maintaining the health of cattle, which can not be replaced by grain and other feeds. High-quality forage grass can completely meet the nutritional needs of cattle. If it is not in the production or fattening period, it is generally no longer necessary to supplement concentrate. Let's take a look at the technology of raising cattle with forage.

The collocation method of forage grass

Cattle prefer gramineous forages and tall stalks, followed by leguminous forages. The forage varieties suitable for feeding cattle are hybrid pennisetum, Sudan grass, alfalfa, cross-leaf pine vanilla, Dongmu-70 rye, chicory and turnip cabbage. Generally speaking, the daily requirement of green feed for dairy cows is 50 kg, and that of mixed cattle, including young cattle and calves, is 30 kg per day. In order to ensure the uninterrupted supply of green forage throughout the year, annual forage and perennial forage, tropical forage and temperate forage should be planted together, and single and interplanting should be used as far as possible per unit area.

Planting techniques of forage grass

1. Selection of pastoral areas: first of all, the planting area of forage grass should be broader, and broad and flat areas should be selected in the selection of pastoral areas, and the soil should be more fertile, deep and well-drained soil. can support the nutritional needs of dense forage growth and multi-season growth. After selecting the location of the pastoral area, the land in the pastoral area should be renovated, which can make the soil more loose and the distribution of nutrients in the soil more balanced.

2. Forage selection: there are many kinds of forage grass, and the most important conditions for forage selection are good grass quality, high yield, multi-season harvest, strong vitality, high nutritional value to livestock and improving the meat quality of livestock. Most of them are leguminous crops, and there are many crops to choose from, such as ryegrass, Mexican corn grass, yellow bamboo grass, sweet elephant grass, alfalfa and so on. However, the vast number of herdsman friends should also choose forage grass according to the climate and soil conditions of the area where their farms are located.

3. Forage conservation: after selecting the pastoral area and forage, the vast number of herdsmen should choose the quantity of forage according to the size of the pastoral area. The grass should be preserved after it is planted in the soil. Because the growth of forage needs to be supplied to livestock for many seasons, it is necessary to increase the fertilization of forage grass and improve the growth rate of forage grass. In addition, the weather is relatively hot in summer, water evaporation is exuberant to increase the watering of forage grass. In addition, it is necessary to prevent and treat the diseases and insect pests of forage grass.

The misunderstanding of recommending raising cattle

1. Everything is grass: the grass usually refers to the wild (miscellaneous) grass that grows and dies on its own in the natural state, which is characterized by strong germination in early spring, drought and barren resistance, but its poor nutritional value, poor palatability and low yield. The grass advocated now refers to the artificially cultivated high-quality forage grass specially for livestock and poultry. It is characterized by weak germination in the early stage and certain conditions for growth, but it has high nutritional value and high yield, even hundreds of times that of wild (miscellaneous) grass.

2. It can be recommended anywhere: for high-quality forage grass, different varieties have different requirements for soil. For example, saline-alkali land is only suitable for planting salt-tolerant forage grass, such as Astragalus adsurgens, ryegrass and grain amaranth, while other forage grasses are not suitable, otherwise they will not grow. For example, if you interplant forage grass in orchards, you must choose shade-tolerant forage grass. The soil in the north is neutral and alkaline, and it is suitable for alfalfa, Astragalus adsurgens, and so on. The soil in the south is neutral and sour, and the suitable varieties are red clover, white clover, etc., otherwise it is also widely planted and thin harvest, such as low mountains and hilly areas, where most of the soil is poor and lack of water resources, forage grasses with barren tolerance, drought tolerance and good coverage should be planted, such as alfalfa, clover, tall fescue, Kentucky bluegrass, Bahia grass and so on.

3. Recommendation does not require technology: in fact, this is a very dangerous misunderstanding, because of the existence of this understanding, especially to guide production practice, it is very likely to cause a fatal blow to the newly emerging fever of recommended livestock raising. Most of the forage grass use less labor, thin fertility, poor seedling condition, and many weeds, seriously affecting the yield and economic benefits of forage grass.

4. The nutritional value of forage grass is not high: scientific analysis shows that forage grass is nutritionally comprehensive, palatable and digestible. For example, alfalfa hay contains 14-18% crude protein, which is higher than that of rice, wheat and corn. In addition, forage grass is also rich in a variety of vitamins and minerals, which is beyond the reach of rice, wheat and corn. Therefore, do not think that the nutritional value of forage grass is not as high as that of traditional crops.

Drying technology of forage grass

1. Natural drying method: natural drying method does not need special equipment, although it is limited by weather conditions to a great extent, it is the main drying method adopted in our country.

① ground drying method: the ground drying method is also called field drying. After cutting, the grass is dried in the same place or in a higher place. After about 4-6 hours, the grass is dried until the moisture content is about 40% 50%. The grass strips can be turned and dried according to the climatic conditions and the water content of the grass, so that the moisture content of the grass is reduced to 35% 40%. At this time, the grass leaves have not yet fallen off. The grass collector was used to integrate the 0.5-meter-high haystack to keep the haystack loose and ventilated, and it was completely dry after 1.5 days.