Culture Technique of Slippers

Smooth-lipped fish, also known as grouper, rose fish, etc., are small economic fish of the family Cyprinidae. they like to inhabit rivers with gravel bottom and clear water, and often have developed horny layers of lower jaw to shovel moss and algae on the stone. In the process of culture, they are divided into pond culture and cage culture according to different culture methods. Let's take a look at the culture techniques of smooth lip fish respectively.

Culture condition

The pond can be built by digging land in the low and middle tide areas of the reclamation area or making use of the original shrimp culture pond. the conditions are that the bottom material is sandy and semi-sandy, the hard mud bottom is also OK, and the water quality in the surrounding sea area is pollution-free and transparent. The area of the fish pond is 510 mu, and the water depth is more than 1 meter.

Clear the pond and throw into the reef

After exposure and desilting, the bare-lipped fish culture pond lays some stones or puts some empty waste tires and tile water tanks at the bottom of the pond to adapt to the habit of drilling holes.

Fish stocking

Bare-lipped fish culture requires strong vitality, disease-free, black body color, and separate cultivation of size. Stocking density must be adjusted to local conditions, the general specification of fish species is about 100 grams per tail, and about 0.5 fish can be released per square meter.

Feeding and management

1. Bait feeding: the bait is mainly fresh mixed fish, preferably live bait, and cut into blocks of suitable size according to the specifications of fish species. When feeding, quantitative feeding is adopted, which generally accounts for 10-15% of the fish body weight in the early stage and 5-10% in the later stage. The best feeding time is from 5: 00 a.m. to 6: 00 a.m. and from 7 to 8 p.m.

2. Reasonable mixed culture: in order to save the cost, we can put self-breeding of white shrimp or mixed culture of tilapia in the pond where bare-lipped fish are cultured, and the residual bait and feces of bare-lipped fish can be used as bait for white shrimp and tilapia. White shrimp and tilapia are high-quality bait for bare-lipped fish, so that the ecology of the pond can be balanced.

3. Daily management: during the cultivation of bare-lipped fish, the water temperature is required to be 14: 30 ℃, the salinity is 12: 35%, the PH value is 7.8: 8.4, the dissolved oxygen is more than 4 mg / L, and the daily variation range is not too large. In the process of culture, if the exchange condition of water is poor and the stocking density is too large, it is easy to have anoxic floating head, so mechanical pumping or aerator should be adopted in time to increase oxygen. In addition, we should often patrol the ponds and pay attention to safety in production.

4. Timely fishing: bare-lipped fish have poor tolerance to low temperature, so it is generally appropriate to collect them before the cold spell, and a small number of smooth-lipped fish that do not meet the commercial specifications should be treated for overwintering.

Note: light-lipped fish is a medium-sized individual, with a common body length of 12cm to 20cm, and a large one up to 30cm, with a considerable yield, which is a common economic fish in producing areas, but fish eggs are poisonous and can cause poisoning by accidental ingestion. Diarrhea is mild, nausea, vomiting, dizziness, etc., must be treated in time. All right, the pond culture technology of lip fish alone is introduced here. Now let's take a look at the cage culture of lip fish.

Culture season

The growing period of bare-lipped fish is generally from May to November in the Zhejiang sea area. It takes 14 to 16 months for bare-lipped fish to grow from 50g / 100g to 400g / 100g commercial fish. Generally, two kinds of culture cycles are used to arrange production. One is from about 100 grams of fish purchased from May to July in the first year to 150 grams and 200 grams before the beginning of winter, and after overwintering to the market before the next winter, and the other is to put in large-size species weighing 200 grams from April to May, which can be raised to 400 grams and 600 grams of commercial fish for sale before winter that year.

Culture density

According to the production practice and test results for many years, it is considered that the annual stocking density of 3 × 3 × 3 m cage is suitable for the stocking density of smooth lip fish cultured in cage. This stocking density can achieve a higher survival rate, high total weight gain rate and net yield, and low feed coefficient.

Feeding technique

After being transported and reared in boxes, it takes 7 to 10 days to adapt to the environmental conditions before feeding. The fish should be domesticated before formal feeding. The bait is mainly mixed fish, and the feed coefficient is generally 7-8-1. There are several problems that should be paid attention to when using compound bait. first, bare-lipped fish have a strong habit of feeding bait, so there is a great adaptation and transition process from feeding miscellaneous fish to artificial diet. Second, the formula of the compound bait should be reasonable, and its protein content should not be less than 40%. Third, grouper will spit if the bait is not palatable or not fresh enough, so palatability should be considered. Fourth, it needs to be made into soft particles, and its size should be the same as the caliber of smooth-lipped fish. The smooth-lipped fish is paranoid and has a strong selectivity to bait, so the feeding technology has a great influence on the feeding of the smooth-lipped fish. When the feeding time is 8: 11 am, the feeding amount accounts for about 510% of the fish's body weight, and the feeding method should be cast slowly until the fish is finished. Bare-lipped fish generally do not eat bait that sank into the bottom of the cage.