How did sheep get foot-and-mouth disease to treat?

Foot-and-mouth disease of sheep is commonly known as foot-and-mouth sore and foot-and-mouth disease in folk. It is an acute, febrile and highly contagious disease caused by foot-and-mouth disease virus in cloven-hoofed animals. The clinical feature is that blisters and ulcers occur in the oral mucosa, hooves and breasts of sick animals. Goats and sheep can all suffer from the disease, and sometimes it can be transmitted to humans. Let's take a look at how sheep get foot-and-mouth disease.

Develop symptoms

The incubation period of sheep and goat disease was 1-7 days, with an average of 2-4 days. The main symptoms were elevated body temperature, loss of appetite, depression and claudication. Blisters in the mouth mostly occurred in the oral membrane, but blisters on the tongue were rare. Oral lesions were more common in goats than in sheep, and blisters mostly occurred on the hard palate and tongue. Ewes often have miscarriages, and the blisters on their hooves are small, not as obvious as cattle.

Route of infection

Sheep foot-and-mouth disease is mainly transmitted from diseased livestock, followed by infected wild animals (such as yellow sheep), mainly through digestive tract and respiratory tract, but also through eye conjunctiva, nasal mucosa, nipples and skin wounds. If people or healthy sheep come into contact with the saliva, blisters and milk of diseased animals, they may be infected and get sick. Dogs, cats, rats, blood-sucking insects and people's clothes and shoes can also spread the disease. Dairy goats sometimes have lesions on their nipples and reduce the amount of milk. Suckling lambs are particularly prone to disease, with more hemorrhagic gastroenteritis and malignant foot-and-mouth disease. They die from acute heart paralysis, with a mortality rate of up to 20-50%.

Precautionary measures

1. The introduction of animals and animal products, feed and biological products from disease-free countries or regions is strictly prohibited. Animals and their products from disease-free areas shall also be quarantined. When positive animals are detected, the whole group of animals shall be destroyed and disposed of, and polluting objects such as vehicles and animal wastes shall be disinfected on the spot.

2. Once an epidemic occurs in areas free of foot-and-mouth disease, decisive measures should be taken to cull and destroy all sick animals and animals of the same group, and strictly and thoroughly disinfect the polluted environment.

3. In the epidemic areas of foot-and-mouth disease, animals are vaccinated with attenuated or inactivated vaccine of foot-and-mouth disease of the same type. Because the attenuated vaccine of cattle and sheep may cause disease to pigs and the safety is poor, so it has been changed to inactivated vaccine of foot-and-mouth disease.

4. When foot-and-mouth disease occurs in the fauna, the epidemic situation shall be reported immediately, the diagnosis shall be determined, the epidemic spots, epidemic areas and threatened areas shall be delineated, isolation and blockade measures shall be implemented, and emergency immunization shall be given to the animals with final disease in the epidemic areas and threatened areas.

Treatment method

1. First of all, strengthen nursing care for sick sheep, such as dry enclosure, good ventilation, supply of soft feed (such as grass, noodle soup, rice soup, etc.) and clean drinking water, and often disinfect the enclosure.

2. Wash the oral cavity with 0.1-0.2% potassium permanganate, 0.2% formalin, 2-3% alum or 2% acetic acid (or vinegar), and then apply iodine glycerin or lager 3% copper sulfate to the festering surface, or spread ice boron powder.

3. Soak the hoof with 3% stinky potion, 3% cresol soap solution, 1% formalin or 3% 5% copper sulfate, or smear it with disinfection ointment (such as wood tar Vaseline at 1:1) or 10% iodine, then wrap it in a bandage. It is best not to wash your hooves too much, because dampness can hinder recovery.

4. Breast disease should be milked carefully, wash nipples with 2% boric acid water, and then apply disinfectant ointment.

5. Malignant foot-and-mouth disease for sheep with malignant foot-and-mouth disease, special attention should be paid to the maintenance of cardiac function and timely application of cardiotonic and glucose injection. In order to prevent and treat secondary infection, penicillin can also be injected intramuscularly. Oral crystal camphor, 1 gram each time, twice a day, the effect is good, and it can prevent the development of malignant foot-and-mouth disease.