Four common propagation methods of plum blossom

Plum blossom is a very common flower in our country. Now many flower friends will make plum blossom into bonsai and watch it at home. Plum blossom is generally propagated mainly by grafting, cutting and striping method are used occasionally, and sowing method is rarely used. The editor will introduce to you the characteristics of these breeding methods, which can be understood by interested flower friends.

Plum blossom

First, sowing and reproduction

The plum blossom fruit was harvested in June or later when it changed color. After the post-ripening stage, the Beginning of Autumn removed the peel and pulp, washed and dried. It is better to sow seeds during the year (autumn), and the specific time can be carried out in late September. When sowing, the land should be deeply turned and raked, leveled and made beds, ditched at a row spacing of 40 cm, with a depth of 3 cm to 5 cm, and the seeds should be placed in the soil ditch one by one at an interval of 5 cm to 7 cm, poured with enough water and covered with fine soil or sand. The following spring, when the seedlings grow lO~15 centimeters, they can be transplanted. If the seeds are sown and propagated in spring, the seeds should be stored with wet sand after they are washed and dried, and the strips should be taken out for sowing in early spring.

2. Grafting propagation

Many varieties of plum blossoms, such as money green calyx plum, spring plum, Ning fragrant plum and so on, can only be propagated by grafting. There are two kinds of grafting: branch grafting and bud grafting. In addition to plum seedlings, peaches (including hairy peaches, mountain peaches), plums and apricots are also used as rootstocks. Plum rootstock is the best, with strong affinity, high survival rate, good growth and long life.

Branch grafting was carried out from mid-February to early March or from mid-October to November. The scion chooses the middle part of the robust branch, which is 5-6 cm long, with 2-3 buds, cut or split.

The survival rate of bud grafting before and after the Beginning of Autumn (early August) was high, and the T-shaped bud grafting method was mostly used. In the early winter of the same year, cut off the rootstock 5 cm above the bud and prune the lateral branches. Take buds and shoot in the following spring, cut off the remaining rootstocks when they grow up, and wipe off the rootbuds at any time.

With peach as rootstock, seeds are easy to get, grafting is easy to live, and it grows fast and blossoms more, so it is widely used in production at present. But after that, the plum tree is vulnerable to insect pests and its life is shortened. In order to solve this contradiction, during the grafting operation, the aboveground part of the rootstock can be cut off at 2 cm from the ground, and the strong branches growing in the same year are selected for the scion, and the cambium should be closely combined. Then use plastic strips to seal the soil until the joint is not visible. A month later, check whether it survived, and cut off the root sprouts to keep the soil intact. After survival, do not rush to remove the soil at once, but gradually help the bud to be unearthed so as not to blow dry the new bud, and with the growth and height of the seedling, add soil to make the scion take root, so that the shortcoming of short life of peach rootstock can be overcome. After roughly 2-3 years, the scion can also grow a lot of new roots, similar to the effect of cutting.

Plum blossom

3. Cutting propagation

The operation of cutting propagation of plum blossom is simple, and the technology is not complicated. At the same time, it can completely maintain the excellent characteristics of the original variety. The survival rate of plum blossom cuttings varies with different varieties. Under conventional conditions, the survival rate of Subaitai GE Mei is the highest, generally up to more than 80%; the survival rate of small green calyx plum and Gongfenmei reaches 60%; and it is not easy for varieties such as cinnabar plum, Longyou plum, Dayu plum and spring plum to survive. When the cuttings were soaked with indolebutyric acid 500ppm or naphthylacetic acid 1000ppm, the survival rate was improved, and it could also promote the rooting of the varieties which were difficult to root.

The cuttage of plum blossom is better in November, so when the leaves fall, the branches have sufficient nutrients and are easy to take root and survive. Choose the sturdy branches with an annual length of 10 cm to 12 cm as cuttings, and bury most of the branches in the soil when cutting, leaving only 2 cm to 3 cm on the soil surface and leaving a bud outside. It is required that the soil quality of the cutting land is loose and the drainage is good. After the cutting is watered once and covered with plastic film, it can maintain a small range of temperature and humidity, improve the survival rate of cutting, and replenish water as needed in the future. The soil water content after cutting should not be too large, otherwise it will affect the healing and rooting of cuttings. After surviving in the following year, it was gradually ventilated to adapt to the environment, and finally the film was removed. The plant can be fixed and transplanted in the spring of the third year. If it is planted in spring, a shade must be built during the summer.

IV. Striping propagation

Striping propagation should be carried out from February to March, select 1-year-old 2-year-old branches, cut 2-3 knives under the branches pressed into the soil, be careful not to cut too deeply, such as the xylem will affect rooting, the cut will be buried in the soil, be careful not to damage the bud during operation. To cultivate the soil after pressing, it is best to use loose and fertile sandy soil. Pay attention to watering in summer to keep the soil moist, and it can be cut off into new plants after taking root in autumn.

The high-pressure method is often used to reproduce large seedlings, which can blossom in early spring next year. You can choose appropriate branches on the mother plant in the rainy season, wrap loose mixed soil (such as peat and water moss) with plastic film, tie both ends tightly and maintain humidity. Check about a month later, those who have taken root can cut off all the openings under the pressing, deep into the middle of the branch, and then cut them all away from the culture a week later.

Many flower lovers like plum blossoms because they blossom in winter, but before raising plum blossoms, they still need to understand the cultivation methods of plum blossoms in order to avoid the tragedy of raising plum blossoms because they do not know about plum blossoms.

How to cultivate Prunus mume blossom

How to raise the wax plum blossom

Water and Fertilizer Management of how to raise Plum Blossom

There is a saying about the plum blossom, called "the immortal wax plum blossom", which fully shows that the drought tolerance of the wax plum blossom is very strong, so the wax plum bonsai is insensitive to the need for water. Generally speaking, in spring and autumn, if the basin soil is not dry, it will not be watered; once in the morning and evening in summer. During the flowering period of the plum blossom, it should not be watered too often, otherwise it will cause the wax plum to fall.

Wax plum blossoms like fertilizer, but not too thick. The fertilization time is generally from April to November, liquid fertilizer is applied once a month, and fertilization can be increased once in late June to make nutritional preparations for flower bud differentiation.

The shaping and pruning of Prunus mume blossoms

If you want to ensure a good ornamental of preserved plum bonsai, you need to prune branches. The pruning method of preserved plum bonsai depends on the shape of the tree decided in advance. Taking the tree-shaped pruning method as an example, a sturdy branch was selected at the young seedling stage to form the trunk, and after the trunk grew to the desired height, the tree crown was formed by the treatment of the reserved dry branch, basic branch or side branch.

Pest Management of how to raise Prunus mume Blossom

There are few diseases and insect pests in Prunus mume blossom. If encountered, the branches affected by insect pests can be cut off and burned during the dormant period of Lamei blossom. Therefore, in the maintenance of plum blossoms, it is actually relatively simple, which is very time-saving and labor-saving.

What methods are used to propagate preserved plum?

(I) Graft propagation

Prunus mume is commonly used as rootstock, or seedlings of poor varieties are used as rootstocks. The main grafting methods are cutting, split grafting, leaning grafting, abdominal grafting and subcutaneous grafting (skin grafting) and so on. Conditional can be carried out from April to September.

Spray twigs and cut into the abdomen, then cover it with plastic film, and then spray to moisturize.

(2) ramet propagation

Ramets are usually carried out after defoliation in autumn to before sprouting in spring. For the sprouting branches of the ramets, the first cut off from the ground 10?20cm is beneficial to the ramet and planting.

Culture methods and matters needing attention of Prunus mume

Watering method of preserved plum

Lamei blossom has been recognized as a kind of plum blossom that can withstand the test of cold and heat since ancient times, so it should be a very easy flower to raise. It is often said that the plum blossom is immortal. From this we can see that the drought resistance of the plum blossom is very good. So the potted plants at home do not need to be watered too much, as long as the potted soil is not dry and cracked.

Fertilization methods of Prunus mume

Any kind of plant needs a certain amount of nutrients before it can be cultured well. Although Lamei can withstand the test of severe cold, fertilizer should not be less than the breeding methods and matters needing attention of Lamei. In fact, the plum blossom likes a kind of fertilizer very much. Therefore, in the cultivation of preserved plum bonsai, it is best to choose fertile land, but it should not be too fertile, and should be fertilized regularly every time.

Pruning methods of Prunus mume

We often see the plum is generally relatively large, outdoor planting is not pruned is also possible, but indoor potted plum is often shaped. Wax plum has strong branching power, and there is a proverb that "wax plum does not lack branches". By pruning at the right time, it can grow more strong branches and blossom more.

It is generally appropriate to prune the withered branches, overdense branches, cross branches, disease and insect branches, and leave 2 to 3 pairs of buds at the base of the annual branches, and cut off the upper branches to promote the germination and branching.

Temperature requirement of preserved plum

Lamei is fond of sunshine, and it is also resistant to the culture methods and matters needing attention of semi-Yin Lamei. Although it can grow in cold winter, it can also be frozen if the temperature is too low. When the temperature is about-15 ℃, it can pass the winter safely. In the area south of Beijing, the temperature should be controlled within-10 ℃ during flowering, otherwise the flowers will suffer frost damage.

Common diseases of plum blossom and their solutions

Plum blossom is one of our favorite flowers and trees, planted next to the house, or planted in pieces, the ornamental effect is very good, but the conservation of plum blossom should also be paid attention to to avoid diseases, let's learn about it below:

Diseases of plum blossoms:

Diseases of plum blossom: 1. Grey leaf spot

Gray leaf spot is a common disease of plum blossoms. The leaf is oblong, brown, silver-white, black-brown, and the disease is obvious. Several disease spots become larger together, and there are small black spots on them, and the leaves fall off. At the initial stage of the disease, the disease spot was long, light brown, watery, the edge was obvious, the depression constricted at the end, and there was discontinuous small longitudinal fissure ulcer, and the new shoot fell off from the base after the disease.

Solution: cultivate robust plants with strong disease resistance, and spray water 1000 times with 50% Dysenamine water during bud germination. The disease occurs seriously in June. It can be sprayed 4-5 times with 1% Bordeaux solution and 50% acetaminophen wettable powder 1 000 times as much as water, once every two weeks.

Diseases of plum blossom: 2. Brown spot

Brown spot mainly occurs in June and is serious from August to September. The rainy season is beneficial to the occurrence of the disease. The disease mainly harms the leaves and shoots of plum blossoms. The leaves were small purple black spots in the early stage and round in the later stage, with clear edges, purplish brown periphery, grayish white or brown in the middle, slightly wheeled text, and grayish brown mildew, which is a conidium. In the later stage, the disease spot dried up and fell off, forming perforation. The leaves are easy to fall off, and the disease spots on the new shoots are purple-brown and grayish-brown mildew.

Solution: focus on burning diseased plants and fallen leaves, spray Baume 2-4 degree stone sulfur mixture before germination, or 1-1-1-1-120 Bordeaux solution. Spraying 65% Dyson zinc wettable powder to water 500 times at the beginning of June, spraying once in 7-10 days, 2-3 times in a row.

Diseases of plum blossoms: 3. Anthracnose

Solution: at the initial stage of anthrax, 70% topiramate or 1000-fold solution of Dysen zinc can be sprayed to prevent and cure anthracnose. When other diseases are found, spraying the above two kinds of solution can also be effective.

Diseases of plum blossom: 4. Powdery mildew

Powdery mildew often occurs in an environment with high humidity, high temperature and poor ventilation. In early spring March, when plum blossom sprouted, the buds and new leaves were easily infected by bacteria, and a very thin powdery layer appeared in the affected part, then needle-sized black or yellow particles appeared on the powdery layer, and the leaves turned yellow and withered in the later stage.

Solution: initially spray 25% of rutin to water 200 times, or use 70% methyl topiramate 1500 times to water.

Diseases of plum blossoms: 5. Leaf shrinking disease

Leaf shrinking disease mainly occurred from March to May, and the temperature was about 20 ℃, which was most beneficial to the growth of ascospores and spores of plum blossom leaf shrinking disease, invading the tender buds and leaves of plum blossoms, and making the tender shoots shorter, thicker and dense. The leaves are wrinkled and thickly fleshy. The leaves are rough and curly to the back. At the initial stage of the disease, the leaves were yellow, red, purplish red and grayish white, and powder appeared on the leaves. In severe cases, the trees are weak, the diseased tips die and the flowers decrease.

Solution: topiramate or carbendazim can be sprayed, or 1% Bordeaux solution can be sprayed every other week, 3 or 4 times.

The ornamental effect of plum blossom is better, there is no usual maintenance here, improper maintenance of plum blossom in the process of breeding will lead to a variety of diseases, plum blossom common diseases and solutions to everyone summarized, I hope to help you.