What kind of plant does sunflower belong to?

Sunflowers can be divided into general ornamental varieties and edible varieties, the general ornamental varieties are characterized by short plants, usually no more than half a meter, so they are suitable for planting in pots, while edible varieties are taller and taller, which can grow to more than 2 meters in the soil of the general open nursery. Let's take a look at what kind of plant sunflower belongs to.

What kind of plant does sunflower belong to?

Sunflowers belong to angiosperms. Sunflower belongs to angiosperm in classification, and its fruit is achene, commonly known as sunflower seed, edible. The fruit includes three parts: pericarp, seed coat and embryo. The edible seeds are longer, with black and white stripes in the pericarp, and the pericarp is thick, accounting for more than 40% of the seed weight, and the weight of 1000 seeds is 100g to 200g. The oil-type seeds are short and small, and the pericarp is mostly black and thin, which is about 20-30% of the seed weight, and the 1000-grain weight is 40-110 grams.

Why do sunflowers face the sun?

The stem of sunflower contains a wonderful plant auxin, which is very afraid of light. When exposed to light, it will go to the side of the backlight, and at the same time, it can stimulate the cells on the backlight side to multiply rapidly, so the backlight side grows faster than the light side, causing the sunflower to bend to light. At the same time, sunflowers facing the sun are also closely related to gravity.

The growing environment of sunflower

1. Temperature: sunflower is a temperature-loving and cold-tolerant crop, which has strong adaptability to temperature and strong tolerance to low temperature. Seeds with stable local temperature begin to germinate when the local temperature is more than 2 ℃, and can germinate and take root at 4-5 ℃. When the ground temperature reaches 8-10 ℃, it can meet the needs of seed germination and emergence. During the whole growth process, sunflowers can grow normally as long as the temperature is not lower than 10 ℃.

2. Water: sunflower is a crop that consumes a lot of water, with tall plants, many leaves and dense leaves, and its water absorption is 1.74 times that of corn, but because its growth and development is synchronized with local rain and heat, the contradiction between water supply and demand is not prominent. there are great differences in water requirements at different growth stages. There is not much water from sowing to budding, the peak of water demand from budding to flowering, and more water from flowering to maturity.

3. Light: sunflower is a short-day crop, which is not very sensitive to sunlight. Like plenty of sunlight, its seedlings, leaves and disk have a strong phototropism. Sufficient sunshine and strong seedlings can prevent overgrowth. Sufficient sunshine in the middle growth stage can promote the vigorous growth of stems and leaves, normal flowering and pollination, and improve the seed setting rate. In the later stage of growth, the sunshine is sufficient, and the grain is full.

4. Soil: sunflowers have low requirements for soil and can grow on all kinds of soils, from fertile soil to dry land, barren and saline-alkali land. It not only has strong saline-alkali tolerance, but also has salt absorption ability. At the same time, sunflower has developed root system and strong drought resistance. Moreover, the root and stem aerosol tissue of sunflower is well developed, which is very resistant to waterlogging.