Application of jointing and booting Fertilizer for increasing Wheat yield

Wheat jointing and booting fertilizer is the most critical fertilizer in the whole life, and the jointing and booting stage is also the key period to determine the spike rate and seed setting rate of wheat, and the second peak period of fertilizer demand in wheat life. The amount of fertilizer required during this period generally accounts for about 50% of the total fertilizer demand. Scientific topdressing of jointing and booting fertilizer can ensure the growth of wheat and form large spikes. The temperature gradually rises after the beginning of spring, and once wheat generally gets up, it immediately enters the jointing and booting stage, which is an excellent period for the application of jointing and booting fertilizer.

According to research, for every 100 kg of wheat grain, about 3.1 kg of pure nitrogen, 1.1 kg of phosphorus pentoxide and 3.2 kg of potassium oxide are needed. Wheat had little demand for nutrients before overwintering, and with the rise of temperature and the increase of wheat population after overwintering, the nutrient uptake increased rapidly until heading and flowering, which was the peak period from jointing to flowering. 55% of nitrogen, 80% of phosphorus and 90% of potassium were absorbed at this stage during the whole growth period. After flowering until maturity, it still needs to absorb 28% of nitrogen and a very small amount of phosphorus, and basically no longer absorb potassium. At present, the foundation of wheat seedling condition is good, but the proportion of prosperous seedlings and weak seedlings is high, so jointing and booting fertilizer must be applied scientifically and rationally according to soil, seedling and seed conditions.

Determine the application time according to local conditions. Wheat jointing and booting fertilizer should be applied when the leaves of the population fade, the small tillers die, the length of the first Internode at the base is fixed, and the second Internode is elongated, and the wheat field with normal growth is generally in the middle and late March. For late sowing wheat, late weak seedling wheat fields with weak individual growth and weak individual growth before winter, and wheat fields with yellow leaves and heavy freezing, topdressing should be done in the first and middle of March, which can effectively increase the number of grains and strive for tillering into spikes in spring. it also plays a certain role in ensuring that there are enough grains per mu. If the leaf color fades slowly and has been applied with wax fertilizer, and the fields that have been applied back to green fertilizer in early spring, the amount of fertilizer can be reduced according to the seedling condition, and the topdressing time of jointing fertilizer can be postponed appropriately.

The amount of fertilizer should be determined according to the seedling system. Wheat jointing and booting fertilizer refers to the fertilizer applied from jointing to the exposed tip of flag leaves. When jointing, if the application of base fertilizer and wax fertilizer is less, jointing fertilizer should be applied as appropriate, about 5 kg of urea and a certain amount of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer can be applied per mu. When jointing, the population is too large, the leaf color is dark green, the leaf is drooping, and the small tillers are slow to retreat and shade is heavy, indicating that the growth is too prosperous. For this kind of wheat field, fertilizer should be properly controlled and applied when the leaf color fades; if the leaf color does not turn pale, jointing fertilizer will not be applied. When jointing, the population development is insufficient, the yellowing is too early, the leaves are narrow and small, thin and straight, which is a typical manifestation of fertilizer deficiency. It is necessary to topdressing fertilizer as soon as possible, combine fertilizer and water, and actively promote the application of urea 6-8 kg per mu. Combined with Rain Water fertilization, fertilizer can infiltrate into the soil and improve the utilization rate.

The proportion of application should be determined according to the variety system. Generally speaking, varieties with short stalk, fertilizer tolerance and lodging resistance can be applied in an appropriate amount, while varieties with tall stalks and not tolerant to fertilizer should be applied less. Fields with insufficient base fertilizer and poor soil fertility should be applied more appropriately, while fields with sufficient soil fertility and stamina can be applied less. In general, jointing fertilizer is suitable to use special compound fertilizer plus urea, and booting fertilizer can only be supplemented with urea to achieve accurate fertilization. In general, the application of jointing fertilizer for medium gluten wheat uses 4 kilograms of pure nitrogen, 3 kilograms of phosphorus pentoxide and 4 kilograms of potassium chloride per mu. Usually use 45% nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium ternary compound fertilizer 25kg / mu. Apply panicle fertilizer, that is, 2kg of pure nitrogen per mu and 5kg of urea per mu. Weak gluten wheat advocates one-time application of jointing and booting fertilizer, that is, pure nitrogen 2.6-2.8 kg per mu, phosphorus pentoxide 1.5 kg, potassium oxide 2 kg, and generally 45% N-P-K ternary compound fertilizer 10-15 kg per mu. If the amount of nitrogen fertilizer is large in the early stage, the amount of jointing fertilizer should be reduced appropriately.

The root activity of wheat decreased obviously in the middle and later stage of wheat growth, and trace element fertilizer was not absorbed from the soil. However, the demand for micro-fertilizer in wheat in the middle and later stage is very important, which can improve the efficiency of photosynthesis and promote the transformation of rigid seedlings. It is necessary to grasp the combination of spraying and preventing diseases in the middle and later stage of wheat, and spraying foliar fertilizer with trace elements plays a significant role in increasing yield. The increase can reach 3% and 5%.