Resume of Li's pollution-free annual management

November-February? Dormant period

1. Plastic surgery: the natural open heart shape is often used, and the fixed stem height is about 60 cm. After that, 4 new shoots with strong growth and similar growth are selected as the main branches. In winter pruning, the buds were cut short at the full buds of the main branches, and the outer buds were left at the cut mouth. The angle between the main branches and the trunk was 50 °~ 60 °. There were 2 or 4 secondary main branches on each main branch.

2. Pruning: plum trees mainly bear fruit with bouquet-like short fruit branches, and long and thinning branches are often used in pruning to promote the formation of short branches; for weak branches and drooping branches, rejuvenation and rejuvenation; mainly remove disease and insect branches, over-dense branches, standing branches on the back, cross branches and so on.

3. Clear the garden: remove weeds in the garden, bury them deeply as organic fertilizer, centrally prune and burn the disease and insect branches left behind, then spray the canopy with Baume 5-degree stone-sulfur mixture for 1 or 2 times, and spray 1 / 1 / 1 / 100 Bordeaux liquid for 1 / 2 times at the beginning of February or in the bud stage.

March? Budding and flowering stage

1. Flower and fruit protection: ⑴ artificial pollination: for varieties lacking pollen and in years of bad flowering weather, pollen is collected and dried naturally, then mixed with starch or talcum powder 3 times and 4 times, then pollinated on the stigma at full flowering stage. Each short fruit branch is pollinated with 3 flowers and 2 short fruit branches. (2) stocking bees: ⑶ spraying micro-fertilizer: spraying 0.3% borax for 2 times, adding 0.3% urea and 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate and other mixtures.

2. Flower thinning and fruit thinning: ⑴ artificial flower thinning and fruit thinning: half of the flowers were artificially thinned, and ⑵ was sprayed with 150ppm or Baume 0.5 degree stone sulfur mixture at full bloom.

3. Fertilization should apply a certain amount of topdressing to those with weak tree potential and many fruits, and apply nitrogen and potassium fertilizer with quick-acting organic fertilizer.

4. main pest control: the main pests are: Li Shifeng, flower thrips, weevil, bugs, aphids, other leaf-eating insects, etc., controlled by insecticides. The main diseases are: Li Hong spot disease, scab, brown rot, perforation, plum bag fruit disease and so on. A variety of fungicides were used for early control. During this period, pay attention to using contact-type wettable powder insecticide to mix fine soil, spread it on the tree plate, and turn it shallowly with a hoe to kill the overwintering insects in the soil.

Hard nucleus tapping period in April

1. Spraying foliar fertilizer: apply 0.2% 0.3 borax plus 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate plus 0.4% 0.5% urea every 10 to 15 days.

2. Fruit thinning: in order to control the age and improve the fruit grade, fruit thinning must be done. There are 1-2 short fruit branches, 3-4 middle fruit branches and 5-7 long fruit branches. Remove disease and insect fruit, small fruit, abnormal fruit, and fruit, too dense fruit and so on.

3. Application of strong fruit fertilizer: mainly nitrogen and potassium fertilizer, combined with available organic fertilizer, accounting for 20% to 30% of the whole year.

4. pest control: the main insect pests are: plum heart borer, apricot star caterpillar, plum wasp leafhopper, weevil, aphids, scale insects, etc., with broad-spectrum pesticides. The main diseases are: Li Hong spot disease, scab, brown rot, perforation, bag fruit disease and so on.

Fruit development and shoot growth in May

1. Summer pruning: take the methods of heart-picking, twisting, injury, branch pulling, branch support and so on to help shape and adjust the tree potential.

2. Fruit thinning: make further fruit thinning for the trees that have not thinned fruit thoroughly and bear too much fruit last month.

3. Pest control: the main diseases and insect pests are the same as those in April, timely prevention and control according to the occurrence of diseases and insect pests.

Fruit ripening period from June to August

1. Application of fruit fertilizer: nitrogen and potassium fertilizer combined with available organic fertilizer, accounting for 20% of the total amount of the whole year. Late-maturing varieties can be fertilized before fruit harvest to promote flower bud differentiation.

2. pest control: this period is the fruit ripening period, generally, all kinds of pesticides can not be used 10-20 days before fruit harvest. After the fruit is picked, the orchards with serious diseases and insect pests can be treated with medicine in time. Or remove diseased fruit, diseased branches and leaves, such as concentrated burning, killing longicorn beetles, and so on.

Deciduous period from September to October

1. Base fertilizer: base fertilizer should be applied early in autumn, mainly organic fertilizer, combined application of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer. The amount of nitrogen and potash fertilizer used accounts for about 70% of the annual amount, and all phosphate fertilizer is applied.

2. Ploughing garden soil and interplanting green manure.

Attached:

1. The name and concentration of the main fungicides: (1) Xiansheng: 600-fold solution (germicidal economy, spray first); (2) Dasheng 600-800-fold solution (protected, sprayed 7-10 days after Dasheng); (3) 65% mancozeb 500-800 times; (4) stone-sulfur mixture: Baume 5 degrees in winter, Baume 0.5 degrees in flowering, and Baume 0.2-0.3 degrees in fruit growth. (5) the proportion of zinc sulfate lime solution, that is, zinc sulfate, nitrolime and water is 1: 1. It mainly treats bacterial perforation disease and Li Hong spot disease. (6) Bordeaux liquid 1rig 1vir 100, used at the end and leaf bud opening stage, mainly for the control of plum red spot disease.

2. The name and concentration of the main insecticides: (1) 800-fold solution of methylaminoavermectin benzoate (broad-spectrum insecticide); (2) 8% avermectin? Dichlorvos 600x solution (killing spiders, etc.); (3) oil emulsion 50mer 100x solution (killing scale insects, spiders, etc.); (4) fruit Sheng 1200 Mel 1500 times solution (killing scale insects, spiders, etc.); (5) 1000 times of dichlorvos (broad-spectrum insecticides, used during flowering).