Resume of pollution-free annual management of peach

November to February

Dormant period

1. Plastic surgery: generally adopt the natural open heart shape, set at a height of about 60 cm, and then select 4 new shoots with strong top growth and similar growth, which are cultured as the main branch, cut short at the full buds of the main branch during pruning, and leave outer buds at the cut mouth. The opening angle of the main branch was 50 °- 60 °, and two secondary main branches were cultured on each main branch.

2. Pruning: generally adopt the methods of short cutting, thinning, slow release, pulling branches, supporting branches and so on. Because of tree pruning, the primary and secondary and subordinate of backbone branches at all levels are clearly defined. Mainly remove dense branches, cross branches, overlapping branches, standing branches on the back, dead branches of diseases and insects, thin and weak dry and withered branches, etc., and rejuvenate and renew the sagging, old and weak backbone branches in time.

3. Clear the orchard: remove weeds in the orchard and burn the disease and insect branches left by pruning, and then spray the canopy with Baume 5-degree stone-sulfur mixture twice.

? March

Budding stage

1. Pre-flowering re-pruning: it is a supplement to winter pruning, with a small amount of thinning and cutting. Thinning and pruning dense branches, cutting short flowers too many branches.

2. Flower and fruit protection: ⑴ artificial pollination: for varieties lacking pollen and years with bad weather during flowering. After the pollen was naturally air-dried, the pollen was mixed with starch or talcum powder and placed on the stigma 4 times. There are 8 long fruit branches, 3 medium fruit branches and 3 short fruit branches. ⑵ spraying micro-fertilizer: spray 0.2 Mel 0.3% borax + 0.3 Mel 0.5% urea + 0.3% KH2PO4 mixture to protect flowers for 3 times during flowering and young fruit stage.

3. Flower thinning: ⑴ artificial flower thinning: combined with artificial pollination, flowers can be thinned out. ⑵ sprays Baumei 0.4 Mil 0.5 degree stone sulfur mixture at full flowering stage.

4. pest control: the main pests are thrips, weevil, stink weevil, aphids, etc., which can be timely controlled with a variety of broad-spectrum insecticides; the main diseases are anthrax, brown rot, scab, leaf shrinkage, perforation and other hazards and latent, at this time should pay attention to prevention, can use a variety of fungicides. Pesticides and fungicides can be used together to achieve the unified control of diseases and insect pests. Before sprouting, pay attention to use contact-type wettable powder insecticide to mix fine soil, spread it on the tree plate, and turn it shallowly with a hoe to kill the overwintering insects in the soil. We should adopt "biological control and physical control" in the prevention and control of diseases and insect pests, and advocate a series of green prevention and control technologies such as yellow board, blue board, insecticidal lamp and prey mites in orchards, so as to improve the quality and quality of fruits and achieve high quality, safety and hygiene; put an end to the use of pesticides with high toxicity and high residues.

? April

Young fruit growth period and fruit hard core stage

1. Spraying foliar fertilizer: 0.3% potassium dihydrogen sulfate + 0.4% Mel 0.5% urea mixture, or Yemanbao, chlorophyllin, etc., are sprayed every 15 days.

2. Fruit thinning and bagging: the middle-ripe varieties were carried out later this month, including 5 medium-long fruit branches, 3 medium-long fruit branches, 3 medium fruit branches, 1 short fruit branch, and all other fruits. The objects of thinning were small fruit, abnormal growth fruit, disease and insect fruit, dense fruit and so on. Spray pesticides and fungicides one day in advance, and then bag the peach fruit one by one with a special paper bag.

3. Fertilization and irrigation: for those with weak tree potential and spring trunk, appropriate amount of fertilization and irrigation can be applied with nitrogen and potassium fertilizer combined with available organic fertilizer.

4. pest control: the main pests are weevil, stink weevil, leafhopper, scale insects, aphids, peach borer, etc., timely control with a variety of insecticides; the main diseases are anthrax, brown rot, scab, leaf shrinkage, perforation and other hazards and latent, can be controlled with a variety of fungicides.

? may

Hard kernel stage and rapid expansion stage of fruit

1. Fruit thinning and bagging: for medium and late maturing varieties, this work will be completed as soon as possible this month. From early to late May, fruit thinning and bagging were carried out for middle and late maturing varieties respectively.

2. Summer pruning: sprouting, coring, twisting, pruning and other methods are adopted to help shape and adjust the tree potential.

3. Application of strong fruit fertilizer: mainly nitrogen and potassium fertilizer, combined with available organic fertilizer. Early-maturing varieties and vigorous trees mainly use potash fertilizer, while middle and late-maturing varieties mainly use nitrogen and potassium fertilizer, accounting for 2030% of the total amount of fertilizer in the whole year.

4. pest control: continue to use fungicides to control anthracnose, scab, brown rot, perforation, leaf shrinkage, etc.; use insecticides to control peach borer, bugs, aphids, peach kernel wasps, leafhoppers, longicorn beetles, scale insects and so on.

June to August

Fruit development and ripening period

1. Summer pruning: continue to do a good job.

2. Application of fruit fertilizer: mainly nitrogen fertilizer and available organic fertilizer, accounting for 15% of the total amount of fertilizer used in the whole year, to supplement the needs of tree potential recovery.

3. Pest control: the main pests are peach borer, leafhopper, aphids, peach kernel wasps, longicorn beetles and so on. Longicorn beetles use thin wire to fish and kill larvae, then insert cotton balls with contact insecticides into the wormhole to kill, or artificially kill adults. The main diseases are still anthracnose, scab, brown rot, leaf shrinkage, perforation and so on. At this time, the performance of leaf shrinking disease is very obvious, drug control has lost its effect, and the diseased leaves can be artificially removed and burned to avoid spreading harm in the coming year. Pay attention to the peach fruit 15 seconds 20 days before harvest, do not spray pesticides.

September to October

Deciduous stage

1. Garden soil ploughing and weeding: ploughing garden soil, uprooting weeds and burying them as organic fertilizer, clearing diseased leaves on the ground and trees, and concentrated burning of diseased branches and fruits.

2. Base fertilizer: promote the application of winter fertilizer in autumn. This time, the amount of fertilizer used is the most, accounting for about 50% of the total amount of the whole year. Nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium are applied with organic fertilizer.

Attached:

1. The name and concentration of the main fungicides: (1) the stone sulfur mixture uses Baume 5 degrees in winter, 0.4 mi 0.5 degrees in flowering, and 0.3 degrees in fruit growth period; (2) Bordeaux liquid 1, 1, 1, and 100, mainly to prevent and cure leaf shrinkage and perforation when buds are red. (3) Zinc sulfate lime solution: the ratio of zinc sulfate, nitrolime and water is 1: 4: 240, mainly for the prevention and treatment of bacterial perforation; (4) 0.15% tetramycin 600-fold solution; (5) 2000-fold solution of thiophanate-methyl powder; (6) Shigao: 5000-fold solution; (7) 6% Chunlei mycin powder 1500-fold solution.

Name and concentration of main insecticides: (1) 800-fold solution of methylaminoavermectin benzoate (broad-spectrum insecticide); (2) 600-fold solution of 8% Avermectin 600-fold (killing spiders, etc.); (3) 50ml 100-fold solution of engine oil emulsion (killing scale insects, spiders, etc.); (4) 12001500-fold solution (killing scale insects, spiders, etc.) (5) 1000-fold solution of dichlorvos (broad-spectrum insecticide, used at anthesis).