High-yield sowing techniques of Spring Peanut with plastic Film mulching

The cultivation technique of plastic film mulching is adopted when planting spring peanuts, which has the advantages of early sowing, increasing temperature and preserving soil moisture, restraining weeds, preventing the harm of cold and low temperature in late spring, promoting the growth and development of peanuts, putting on the market earlier, increasing benefit, increasing full fruit rate and so on. It can not only increase yield, but also improve quality. In order to popularize the cultivation technology of peanut covered with plastic film and realize the high quality and high efficiency of peanut, the key techniques of sowing with plastic film mulching of peanut are introduced as follows:

? First, make preparations before the broadcast

1. Variety selection. Superior seed is the key to keep the whole seedling and strong seedling in one sowing, and it is an economical and effective measure to increase yield and improve quality. Peanut varieties with high yield potential and good commodity should be selected, such as Jihua 4, Jihua 5, Jihua 2, Luhua 14 and so on.

two。 Seed treatment. Generally speaking, it is better for peanut seeds to shell about 10 days before sowing. Peeling too early and too late is not conducive to seed germination and emergence. Drying peanut seeds for 2 or 3 days before peeling can kill bacteria and effectively improve seed germination rate.

3. Ploughing the fields. The sandy soil or middle soil field with medium fertility and good drainage and irrigation conditions were selected, 1.5 kg phoxim per mu and 0.5 kg water mixed with fine soil 20 kg were evenly applied to the soil to control overwintering grub. In order to ensure the quality of film mulching, shallow ploughing and fine raking should be done for 2 times during soil preparation, so that the land is flat, empty and solid, without light and dark.

4. Formula fertilization. Combined with the application of crude fertilizer more than 3 cubic meters per mu, calcium superphosphate 40 kg, potash fertilizer 15 kg, large-grain boron 500 grams, or 45% special high-quality compound fertilizer 50 kg, large-grain boron 500 grams, evenly applied to the soil.

5. Choose the plastic film. The thickness of plastic film is 0.05 mm, and the dosage is about 3.5 kg per mu.

? Second, sowing and plastic film mulching technology

1. Sowing time. In the control of sowing time, the stable ground temperature of 5 cm and more than 12 ℃ should be used as an important basis for sowing peanut covered with plastic film. In Gaoyang County, the sowing time of spring plastic film peanuts is around April 20.

two。 Seeding quantity. Seed consumption per mu: about 25 kg of shelled peanuts in large and medium kernels (equivalent to about 16 kg of peanut kernels).

3. The way of sowing. Proper close planting is the basis and guarantee of high yield of peanut. Sowing method according to the size of row planting, small row spacing of 30 cm, large row spacing of 55 cm to 60 cm, hole spacing of 18 cm, hole sowing, 2 grains per hole, sowing depth of 3 cm. Ensure a density of 8000 to 9000 holes per mu.

4. Weed after sowing. Spray 50% Acetochlor herbicide 100 g 150 g to water 50 kg 60 kg evenly before covering the film after sowing.

5. Flat mulch. Artificial film mulching must be straightened and tightened, compacted with soil all around, and the quality of mechanical film mulching should be guaranteed. If the film has a hole with strict soil pressure, to prevent the strong wind to uncover the film, in order to accelerate the increase of ground temperature, promote early emergence of seedlings, the whole seedling.

6. Break the membrane and release the seedlings. Generally speaking, peanuts will emerge one after another 10-15 days after sowing. When cotyledons are unearthed and open, or when cotyledons are not unearthed but real leaves are visible, make a cross-shaped opening in the plastic film facing the seedlings with fingers or blades, introduce the seedlings out of the film, and then seal the film mouth with fine soil at the opening to prevent moisture loss. Listen to the weather forecast when opening and releasing seedlings, such as the external temperature is on the high side, breaking the film and releasing seedlings should not be too late, especially to prevent high temperature in the film when the sun is strong, resulting in burning seedlings.