Introduction to the propagation methods and matters needing attention of winter coral

Winter coral

The balcony new favorite winter coral is also called Jiqing fruit, four seasons fruit, coral bean and so on. Its fruit is very similar to cherry except for its color, and it is very similar to small tomato except for its shape. When the plant is short, it can bear whole flower branches during the harvest season. It is suitable for potted plants, and the breeding method is also very simple. Below, we will talk in detail about the breeding methods and matters needing attention of the next winter coral.

1. Growth habits of winter corals

Especially found in the field side, roadside, jungle or ditch edge, 1350-2800 meters above sea level is common, 600m area also has distribution.

Winter corals like sunshine, warmth and high temperature resistance, and there is no sunburn above 35 ℃. Not resistant to shade, cold, drought, hot summer afraid of rain, waterlogging. It is not strict with the soil, but it grows vigorously on the slightly acidic or neutral soil with loose fertility and good drainage. It's very cute. Not cold-resistant, pot plants in the north need to go to the greenhouse to survive the winter.

2. What are the breeding methods of winter coral

Winter coral usually propagates by cutting and sowing. Cutting propagation is suitable for spring and autumn, and the sowing time is from March to April in spring.

1. Sowing method

The mature seeds harvested in winter are rinsed and dried, and then sowed before the Qingming Festival in the following year. A small amount of propagation can be carried out in flowerpots. The seeds are evenly scattered on top, covered with a thin layer of soil, and then soaked in water basins. In order to keep moist, the flower pot mouth should be covered with glass or plastic film, so that it can sprout in a week or so, and when new leaves grow, the seedlings can be transplanted. If you want to raise a large number of seedlings, you can sow seeds in a nursery bed, spray water with a fine-hole spray pot after planting, dry and spray later, keep it moist, apply a thin fertilizer after transplanting, and put it in a place with sufficient light.

two。 Cutting method

When cutting, cut (or sparsely cut) about 8-10 cm growing branches with terminal buds (if there are buds to remove them), cut according to the conventional method, keep the seedbed or basin soil moist, regularly spray water mist on the terminal buds and top leaves of the cuttings, and the temperature is between 18-28 ℃, about 10 days will survive. If the roots of cutting seedlings are well developed and the plants are low, it is suitable to be cultivated into small potted flowers. After cutting in autumn, you can enjoy the red fruits in winter.

Winter coral

III. Disease control of matters needing attention in the reproduction of winter coral

Potted winter corals are easy to suffer from anthracnose when they are at high temperature in summer, which mainly harms leaves as well as stems. There are two symptoms: one occurs on time slices, the leaves show round disease spots at the initial stage of the disease, from round reddish brown to grayish white, and then turn dark brown and produce black spots arranged in wheels, that is, the conidium disk of the pathogen, the disease occurs at the leaf edge and leaf tip, and when the leaf is serious, the leaves wither and die. The pathogen is fungal disease, the pathogen overwinters with mycelium in parasitic remains or soil, the old leaves begin to occur from late April to early May, the disease is faster from June to July, the disease is more serious in the rainy season, and the new leaves begin to occur in August. If the potted flowers are placed too densely, the leaves cross each other and it is easy to spread the disease, but there are differences in disease resistance among varieties.

IV. Prevention and control methods

1. Excellent varieties with disease resistance were selected.

1. In the early stage of the disease, cut off the diseased leaves and burn them in time to prevent the spread of bacteria, avoid being too dense and drenched at the head, and often maintain ventilation and light transmission.

4. Spray 50% carbendazim wettable powder 700-800 times or 75% chlorothalonil 500 times at the initial stage of the disease.

5. Pest control: winter coral pests are mainly aphids, small, green or black, often clustered on a variety of flower shoots and leaves to suck nutrients.

6. Prevention and treatment: spray with 2000 times of omethoate EC or 1500-2000 times of dichlorvos EC.

The main reason for putting the disease control of winter coral into reproductive precautions is that how can a good winter coral be produced without a healthy plant? Therefore, no matter sowing or cutting, we should choose a good substrate.

Culture methods and matters needing attention of winter coral

Latin name Solanum pseudocapsicum L. Var. Diflorum (Vell.) Bitter

Don't call it coral cherry or Jiqingguo.

The plant kingdom.

Phylum angiosperm

Dicotyledonous class

Subclass synpetalous flower

Order Tubularia

Family Solanaceae

Family eggplant tribe

Genus Solanum

The distribution area is native to Europe and subtropics, but it is wild in Yunnan, China.

Winter coral, now known as coral bean (Solanum pseudocapsicum L. Var. Diflorum (Vell.) Bitter). Erect shrubs, much branched into clusters, cultivated for 1-2 years. The plant height is 30ml / 60cm. Leaves alternate, narrowly oblong to oblanceolate. Summer and autumn flowering, flowers small, white, axillary. Berries, dark orange-red, globose, 1 Mel 1.5 cm in diameter. After flowering, the fruit will not fall for a long time, but it can be retained on the branches until after the Spring Festival. Now there are dwarf species cultivated, and the plant shape is short and multi-branched. Berries, seeds small, fruit shaped in a wide ellipsoid, apical tip. Aliases are: coral cherry, Jiqing fruit, coral son, coral beans, jade coral, red coral, wild spicy eggplant, wild sea pepper, look cherry, four seasons fruit.

1. Morphological characteristics.

Coral beans (Beijing) Jade Coral (Japan); Pomegranate (Yixian County, Shaanxi Province); Yanghai Pepper (Leibo, Sichuan); Winter Coral (Anjiang, Hunan). (variant)

Erect branched shrubs, 0.3-1.5 m tall, branchlets branched tomentose when young, then gradually deciduous. Leaves twin, unequal in size, elliptic-lanceolate, 2-5 cm long or slightly long, 1-1.5 cm wide or slightly wide, apex obtuse or mucronate, base cuneate-decurrent into short stalk, leaf surface glabrous, leaves often dendritic tomentose along veins below, margin entire or slightly undulate, midrib protruding below, lateral veins 4-7 on each side, obvious below Petiole ca. 2-5 mm, dendritic tomentose when young, then gradually deciduous. Inflorescences short, axillary, usually 1-3-flowered, solitary or into scorpion tails, total pedicels short to nearly absent, pedicels ca. 5 mm, flowers small, ca. 8-10 mm in diam. Calyx green, 5-parted, lobes ovate-lanceolate, tip obtuse, ca. 5 mm long, Corolla white, tube concealed in calyx, ca. 1.5 mm long, limb about 6.5-8.5 mm long, 5-parted, lobes ovoid, ca. 4-6 mm long, ca. 4 mm wide, tip tip or obtuse; filaments ca. 1 mm long, anthers oblong, about 2 times as long as filaments, apical hole slightly inward Ovary suborbicular, ca. 1.5 mm in diam., style ca. 4-6 mm, stigma truncate. Berries solitary, globose, coral red or orange, 1-2 cm in diam.; seeds flattened, ca. 3 mm in diam. The flowering period is from April to July and the fruit ripening stage is from August to December.

2. Related species

Coral cherry (original variety)

Var. Pseudo-capsicum

Erect branched shrubs, up to 2 m tall, smooth glabrous throughout. Leaves alternate, narrowly oblong to lanceolate, 1-6 cm long and 0.5-1.5 cm wide, apex pointed or obtuse, base narrowly cuneate extending into petiole, margin entire or undulate, both surfaces smooth glabrous, midvein protruding below, lateral veins 6-7 pairs, more obvious below; petiole ca. 2-5 mm, cannot be completely separated from leaf blade. Flowers solitary, rarely caudate, without peduncle or nearly without peduncle, extraaxillary or subopposite leaf, pedicel ca. 3-4 mm; flowers small, white, ca. 0.8-1 cm in diam.; calyx green, ca. 4 mm in diam., 5-lobed, lobes ca. 1.5 mm long; Corolla tube concealed in calyx, less than 1 mm long, limb ca. 5 mm long, lobes 5, ovate, ca. 3.5 mm long, ca. 2 mm wide Filaments less than 1 mm long, anthers yellow, rectangular orbicular, ca. 2 mm; ovary suborbicular, ca. 1 mm in diam., style short, ca. 2 mm, stigma truncate. Berries orange-red, 1-1.5 cm in diameter, calyx persistent, petiole ca. 1 cm long, tip dilated. Seeds discoid, flattened, ca. 2-3 mm in diam. Flowering in early summer and fruiting in late autumn.

3. Growth habits

Especially found in the field side, roadside, jungle or ditch edge, 1350-2800 meters above sea level is common, 600m area also has distribution.

Winter corals like sunshine, warmth and high temperature resistance, and there is no sunburn above 35 ℃. Not resistant to shade, cold, drought, hot summer afraid of rain, waterlogging. It is not strict with the soil, but it grows vigorously on the slightly acidic or neutral soil with loose fertility and good drainage. It's very cute. Not cold-resistant, pot plants in the north need to go to the greenhouse to survive the winter.

Culture methods and matters needing attention of Ji coral how to raise Ji coral

There is no doubt that corals are beautiful and precious, and Ji is what people called beauty in ancient times, so Ji coral, as a beauty in corals, must also be beautiful. However, whether it can be worthy of such a name, Ji coral is still waiting for people to test. Let's take a look at it with the editor.

Culture methods and matters needing attention of Ji Coral

1. Soil requirements

During cultivation, the basin soil should be sandy soil with good drainage and air permeability and rich in calcium. It can be made of 3 parts of river sand, 2 parts of shells, 2 parts of cinder and 3 parts of rotten leaf soil (pond soil).

2. Planting method

Prepare a larger basin (thick mud basin is suitable), match the soil, and keep a little humidity. Select some sturdy stem segments (a section can be) implanted into the basin, and then spray water to make the surface of the basin soil bonded, and then directly into the sun exposure. Do not often water, the basin soil remains dry, after a period of time, some stems will begin to grow golden thorns, the stem will begin to flatten, widen, palmate trend.

It can't be watered very often, which is the way to force the palmate stem to grow. Then if the new born is always high quality and moist from the beginning, then the new stem will not have the tendency of applause, but grow as the original plant. When the stem is about 2cm wide, it can be put on the pot.

3. Fertilization method

Ji coral avoid the application of chemical fertilizer, which can easily lead to root rot, so it is appropriate to apply less or no fertilizer. You can apply rotten baking liquid twice every half a month in spring and late summer and early autumn. The basin soil should be dry rather than wet. If it is too wet for a long time, it will cause the lower part of the plant to rot, which will soon extend to the whole plant.

4. Lighting requirements

When Ji coral is placed in a room with insufficient light for a long time, it will grow too long, the new stem will be light green and become very slender, and the whole plant will have a different flavor. However, if the stem is then moved outside, the new stem will become thicker again, which will seriously affect the shape of the whole plant. Therefore, do not change the light conditions of Ji coral at will, and keep the light relatively stable.

5. Points for attention

In the second year after transplantation, the soil was changed before the spring growing season, and the management remained the same. To the peak growth period, the stem will grow completely palm-shaped, but at this time the stem is not very large, and the plant is not tall. If you want to get a bigger stem, you have to break off some extra stem buds and let it stand out. In the spring of the third year, some larger pots are replaced. If managed properly, the stem will grow out in the prosperous period and it should be the largest stem piece.

Fully formed palm-shaped plants should be extra careful in watering and fertilizing. once they rot, it will be a great loss of painstaking efforts for several years. We should mainly pay attention to the following points: avoid applying thick fertilizer; it is better to dry than wet; and keep plenty of sunshine.

How to raise Ji coral

Ji coral likes the sun, avoid exposure, family care can be placed in front of the window, balcony and other scattered bright places. If the light is not enough, there will be overgrowth, the new stem will be light green, become very slender, and the plant will be in a different state.

Winter and summer dormancy should save water and shade the sun. When watering in the spring and autumn period, we should pay attention to wait for the basin soil to dry and then water it, and water the soil thoroughly.

The new stem of Ji coral is very fresh and tender, and it is easy to be eaten in the wild, and family maintenance is often eaten by snails and other insect pests.

When does Ji coral blossom?

After planting or from the time of cutting, Ji coral has to grow and breed for three years before it can blossom. If it is seed propagation, it will take five years to blossom, but if it is planted well, it will blossom ahead of time.

The florescence of Ji coral is usually in the middle of summer, so the flowers at that time are really beautiful and rich.

Ji coral flowers are yellow, fresh and pleasant, with a faint fragrance, flowers like lotus petals rebirth, from the inside to the outside are yellow.

What about the overgrowth of Ji coral?

In general, the plants of Ji coral grow too much and become tall and thin, so we need to find out the reason first. Basically is to give enough light, indoor farming is best placed in bright places, can often move out of the outdoor, more sun, can make the plant thicker again, but easy to affect the shape of the plant. Water and fertilizer must be reasonably controlled and watered less. In general, more sunlight and less watering can inhibit the overgrowth of plants.

For the plants that have begun to grow in vain, if the plants are found, they can be maintained in the above way to inhibit its further overgrowth, and it is difficult for the plants that have grown very fast to change back, so they can only be nurtured slowly. You can also cut off the overgrown branches and cut them to propagate new plants.

People who know about Ji coral will know that the beauty of Ji coral is layered, just like coral, so people who grow this kind of succulent coral to appreciate Ji coral in their leisure time is indeed the best gift to life, and it is also the highest evaluation and reward for Ji coral.