Matters needing attention in potato planting

First, the selection of improved varieties is an important link in the high-yield cultivation of potatoes.

Second, 20 days before slicing and sowing, the time is about the beginning of March. When potatoes are cut into pieces, each piece has at least one sprout eye. 10-15 yuan per jin is suitable. After cutting, the seeds were soaked in water for sterilization and disinfection with small ash dry mixture or carbendazim powder 1: 200 times. After the seed block is dried, there are two methods: one is to promote germination with sand in the corner above 15 ℃ at room temperature, and the other is to dig a pit in the east-west direction of outdoor ventilation and sunrise, with a depth of about 25 cm, one layer of sand and one layer of seed block, three layers are appropriate, and then covered with arch shed film and covered with grass curtain at night. The above two methods should be sprinkled 1-2 times during budding to prevent drying. When the buds grow to 0.5-1.0 cm long, they begin to sow.

Third, select land and prepare the soil before planting, if the soil moisture is not good, you can consider irrigation ditch to create soil moisture, during the period of soil moisture should be in the first 7-10 days. Potato planting is generally double-ditch planting, ditching can use a large row of 50 cm, a small row of 40 cm. The expansion of potato stems requires loose and fertile soil.

Fourth, when sowing with plastic film and sowing, there are two ways to put the seed block into the ditch: one is that the buds are down, the potato roots grow strong, the potatoes are few but the pieces are big, but the seedlings are 2-3 days late; another method is to plant buds up, the potato roots are relatively short, the potatoes are small but more, and the seedlings are 2-3 days earlier. After the end of the planting, take soil from both sides of the big row to cover the space of the potato ditch and the small line, and add microfilm to cover and compact strictly.

Fifth, seedling release and seedling management after Qingming Festival, about 20 days after sowing, there is seedling exposed soil, at this time, the microfilm can be scratched and released to prevent steaming seedlings. When the seedling grows to 10 cm high, the film around the seedling is pressed tightly with soil to preserve water and press the grass. Potatoes should not be watered in the early stage of growth, and should be watered after flowering. If the weather is dry and there is no rain, it can be watered every 10 days, generally 2-3 times to mature, and stop watering 10 days before harvest. Prevent insect pests such as aphids or thrips at seedling stage.

Sixth, scientific fertilization of potatoes during the whole growth period should grasp the principle of "attacking before, protecting the middle, and controlling the tail". When 80% of the seedlings are unearthed, a quick-acting fertilizer is applied again, and Diguo Zhuangtieling is sprayed at the potato seedling stage to thicken the nutrient transport conduit of the underground fruit. improve the swelling vitality of the fruit, the fruit surface is smooth, the fruit shape is strong, high quality and high yield. Potatoes like to apply farm manure, 4000-5000 jin per mu is suitable, while appropriate application of chemical fertilizer should be combined with nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. Potatoes require a large amount of potassium, and the scientific and reasonable proportion of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium is 1.85. Potatoes like to absorb ammonium nitrogen and absorb more sulfur.

7. In the middle and later stage of disease and pest control, there are mainly late blight, downy mildew, bacterial wilt and other diseases. In the early stage of the disease, 500x methylmancozeb solution + new high fat film was used to control the disease when the dew was dry. It was found that the bacterial wilt should be removed from the whole plant and treated by centralized incineration. It is also necessary to apply lime or 0.5% formalin solution to disinfect the disease, and then spray 2000 times of agricultural streptomycin + new high lipid film for control. Prevent the spread of diseases.