Tomato (tomato) cultivation needs to know!

Tomatoes, that is, tomatoes, berries flat globular or nearly globular, fleshy and juicy, yellow seeds, flowering and fruiting in summer and autumn, tomatoes native to South America and widely cultivated in the north and south of China.

Tomato is rich in nutrition.

Tomato fruit is rich in nutrients, tomato contains "lycopene", has the effect of inhibiting bacteria, and contains malic acid, citric acid and sugar, which can help digestion. Tomatoes are rich in nutrients and have a variety of functions known as the fruit of magical dishes. Organic acids such as malic acid and citric acid in tomatoes also increase the acidity of gastric juice, help digestion and regulate gastrointestinal function. Tomatoes contain fruit acid, which can reduce the content of cholesterol and is good for hyperlipidemia. Tomatoes are rich in vitamin A, vitamin C, vitamin B1, vitamin B2, carotene and calcium, phosphorus, potassium, magnesium, iron, zinc, copper and iodine, as well as proteins, sugars, organic acids and cellulose. Tomatoes have a special flavor and can be eaten raw, cooked, processed ketchup, juice or whole fruit.

Growth habits of tomato

Tomato is a temperature-loving vegetable. Under normal conditions, the optimum temperature for assimilation is 20-25 ℃, and the optimum soil temperature for root growth is 20-22 ℃. The light saturation point is 70000lx and the suitable light intensity is 30000-50000lx. Is also a short-day plant, tomatoes like water, generally soil moisture 60-80%, air humidity 45-50% is appropriate. The requirements for soil conditions are not too strict, and the fertile loam with deep soil layer, good drainage and rich organic matter grows well. The suitable pH of soil is pH6-7. Tomato can tolerate drought, but not waterlogging, and the requirements for soil are not very strict. in order to obtain high yield, it is necessary to choose the soil with deep soil layer, loose and fertile soil and strong water and fertility conservation.

Fertilization skills of Tomato

Tomato growth period appropriate topdressing, not partial application of nitrogen fertilizer, must be combined with phosphorus and potassium fertilizer. Generally, after planting slow seedlings, fertilizer is applied to promote the growth of stems and leaves. After the first ear fruit began to expand, the second topdressing was carried out to promote the fruit expansion, and the middle and late ripening varieties needed 3-4 times of topdressing after the first and second ear fruits were harvested. Foliar topdressing with 1.5% calcium superphosphate or 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution during fruit growth is beneficial to fruit ripening and increase yield. After planting slow seedlings, soil moisture should be preserved by ploughing, and irrigation should be controlled during the flowering of the first inflorescence to prevent flowers and fruits from falling due to excessive growth of stems and leaves. After the fruit is set in the first ear, the plant needs more water and should be irrigated in time. Pay attention to drainage in the rainy season.

Color conversion of Tomato

If the tomato does not change color, the reason may be: high temperature, strong light, affecting the color conversion of tomato fruit. During this period, temperature and light conditions are the main factors restricting the color conversion of tomatoes. Increase ventilation, cover the outside of the shed with sunshade net, cover in time according to temperature and weather changes, avoid strong light and high temperature. Or it could be a lack of nutrients. The late management can not keep up, the soil is too dry and the nutrient supply is insufficient, which affects the color change of tomatoes.

Reasonable supply of fertilizer and water and strengthening the maintenance of the middle and upper leaves to ensure the normal supply of nutrients can ensure the formation of lycopene and normal color conversion of tomatoes.

Fruit-increasing technique of Tomato

When the first flower is removed, the first flower per panicle usually blooms about 2 days earlier than the later flower. if you click the flower, it is easy to concentrate the nutrition to supply the flower and fruit, which will lead to inconsistent fruit size due to lack of adequate nutrition, and reduce the fine fruit rate of tomato. The blooming time of the later flowers is basically the same, and the removal of the first flower can reduce the nutritional consumption in order to accumulate sufficient nutritional supply of the flowers and fruits behind, so that the later fruits are of the same size, which is conducive to the production of fine fruits.

In general, each panicle can bloom 7-8 flowers, according to the growth of the plant, there should be as many flowers as possible to prepare for fruit thinning and fruit retention. When the young fruit sits, leave 4 to 5 fruits of the same size, similar shape and free from diseases and insect pests, and then pick off the rest of the fruit.

At the same time, potash fertilizer should be applied to promote tomato coloring. If the lack of potash fertilizer is easy to cause poor coloring of tomato and cause gluten rot, which affects the commerciality of the fruit, when the fruit sits as big as an egg, an appropriate amount of high potassium compound fertilizer should be applied to promote fruit coloring and increase fruit weight.