High-yield planting techniques of Potato

The cultivation techniques of sweet potato vary with different geographical and climatic conditions. Mainly use tubers for asexual reproduction. In order to avoid cutting knife transmission of virus (spindle tuber, X and S mosaic virus) and ring rot, healthy seed potatoes with a diameter of 3 to 3.5 cm should be selected for whole potato sowing.

When using tuber to propagate asexually, seed potato can germinate and grow under the condition of soil temperature of 5 ~ 8 ℃, and the optimum temperature is 15 ~ 20 ℃. The suitable temperature for stem and leaf growth and flowering is 16-22 ℃. The most suitable temperature for tuber formation at night was 10: 13 ℃ (soil temperature 16-18 ℃), but it formed slowly when it was higher than 20 ℃. Unearthed and young seedlings suffered frost injury when the temperature dropped to-2 ℃.

Sowing seeds

Propagate with tubers, cut potatoes into tubers according to bud eyes, sow in ridges, sow in March, when the average temperature exceeds 25 °C, the underground tubers stop expanding. It will mature in about three months.

Timely early sowing: timely and early soil preparation, fertilization and sowing, so that the whole growth period of potato is relatively cool, low temperature season, so that potato blocks form and expand to avoid the period of high temperature.

Note that the thickness of soil is generally not less than 12 cm. If the thickness of the covered soil is not enough during sowing, the soil will be cultivated with the growth of the seedling for 1 or 2 times after emergence. The soil cover is too thin, the ground temperature changes violently, and the stolon is easy to jump out of the ground.

Field management

The potato plant is divided into aboveground and underground parts, the aboveground part has aboveground stem, pinnately compound leaf, flower bud and fruit, and the underground part has underground stem, root, stolon and tuber.

Whether the aboveground part bears fruit or not is related to the variety and external environmental conditions. the different planting time of the same variety in different years and the same year will affect whether it will blossom or not.

The products obtained from the cultivation of potatoes are underground tubers, which are formed by the expansion of the top of the stolon, and they have many characteristics of the aboveground stem.

It can be said that there is no essential difference between stolon, tuber and aboveground stem, and they can transform each other under certain environmental conditions.

Fertilizer application

The fertilization of potato is generally based on the principle of "giving priority to organic fertilizer, supplemented by chemical fertilizer, heavy application of base fertilizer and early application of topdressing".

Pay attention to management in the later stage and prevent the occurrence of diseases and insect pests in time.