How to grow organic tomatoes

I. selection of improved varieties and raising seedlings

The varieties with hybridization, early maturity, disease resistance, high fruit setting rate and good fruit quality were selected.

Sowing rate: 2000-2200 seeds per mu, seedling age generally 45-60 days

Seedling soil: pastoral soil, slag or river sand, Gymboree fermentation bed organic fertilizer according to 4:1:5 mix well, and spread on the seedbed 10 cm, with Gymboree rooting agent diluted 10-20 times used in 50 kg of seedbed soil, pour through the bottom water, waiting for sowing.

Sowing: dry seed direct seeding, the sowing depth should be 0.8-1 cm, and the sowing depth should be the same. Rear overlay. After sowing, cover with plastic film for moisturizing and heat preservation, cover the seedling bed with a small arch shed, and apply paper quilts or other thermal insulation materials to keep warm at night or at low temperature. Pay attention to observe that the soil temperature of the seedbed should not be lower than 15 degrees and not more than 30 ℃. Generally, it can come out 4-6 days after sowing. (high temperature, fast emergence, good bud rate; low temperature, slow emergence, strong seedlings, but affect the bud rate.)

Seedling stage management: before emergence: keep the temperature of the seedling bed between 20-30 ℃, the temperature is too high, the temperature is too low, the seedling emergence is slow, which affects the germination rate. Begin to observe the emergence logistics, after 70% emergence, remove the cover to prevent tall seedlings. After the cotyledons flattened, the daytime temperature was controlled at 22 ℃ and the night temperature was controlled between 12-18 ℃. The soil is dry and wet, so the frequency and amount of watering should be to ensure that the seedlings do not wilt at noon. When watering, the Gymboree root seedling should be diluted with 300 times solution every 7-10 days. Under normal circumstances, a 15-20 square meter seedling bed can be diluted with 1 bottle of root seedling. When the first true leaf is flattened, it should be ensured that the root and seedling should be sprayed once every 7 days, 300 times dilution spray, combined with disease control and insect control.

Second, daily management

1. The application of base fertilizer is the main nutrient source of organic tomato, so we should pay attention to the application of base fertilizer. Selection and use of base fertilizer: about 5000-10000 kg per mu of Jinbao fermentation bed organic fertilizer, 8-30 kg per mu of Gymboree microbial fertilizer, evenly sprinkled organic fertilizer and Gymboree microbial fertilizer on the soil surface, turning 30-40 cm deep. Make ridges.

2. Planting organic tomatoes should keep good ventilation and light transmission in the field, and it is required to make ridges 1-1.2 meters wide, the distance between the two ridges is 50 centimeters, double rows are planted on the ridges, irrigation ditches are opened between the two rows, the ditch depth is 8-10 centimeters, and the plant spacing is 0.45-0.5 meters. Two rows and one border, the border is slightly higher, and the seedlings are planted high on the edge of the border. Punch a hole slightly larger than the Miao Tuo with an eye punch at the planting site, put the seedling into the back cover soil, and put the Miao Tuo 1 cm higher than the soil surface.

3. Water and fertilizer management

Topdressing should be carried out after the first ear of tomato is set, when the diameter of the fruit of the first ear reaches 1-2 cm, topdressing can be done. Each mu of Jinbao organic fertilizer 1000-2000 kg, bacterial fertilizer 2-3 kg, burying and watering, be careful not to hurt the tomato root system. The fruit expands quickly and the yield is high.

Foliar fertilizer can be sprayed with foliar fertilizer to supplement foliar fertilizer in fruit setting and expansion period, so as to prevent a large number of crops from lack of fertility in the later stage of fruit growth, resulting in yield reduction and fruit distortion. Foliar fertilizer can be fermented by Gymboree foliar fertilizer starter, which is economical and environmentally friendly and can be obtained naturally. During the period from fruiting to expansion to picking, Gymboree sweetener was sprayed with foliar fertilizer for 3-5 times, once every 7-10 days, to provide crop photosynthesis and improve sweetness and chromaticity of the fruit. Provide quality.

III. Mechanical or manual weeding

During the cultivation period, the mechanical ploughing method can be used to weed, supplemented by manual pullout. In addition, after the harvest in the field area, chickens can be put in to remove weeds and pests, or fumigate the soil with steam before planting to inhibit weed germination.

Some organic tomatoes bloomed during flowering period, and most of them were in bud stage. Gymboree sweetening colorant was sprayed according to 500 times dilution to achieve the effect of flower and fruit protection and fruit setting rate by replenishing trace elements and improving photosynthesis.

IV. Disease and pest control

The disease is mainly prevented by adopting resistance quality, reasonable rotation, increasing row spacing, strengthening management and so on. Successive years of application of organic fertilizer and microbial fertilizer will also greatly reduce the incidence of diseases. Insect pests can be trapped and killed by insecticidal lights, black lights, or sticky insect boards.