Culture methods of Spring Orchid and Song Mei

Song Mei is a traditional inscription of Chunlan in China and a representative variety of plum petals. Its full name is Song Jinxuan Mei. Because the plum blossom products of Song Dynasty are unmatched and occupy the top position in Chunlan, it is chosen as the first of the "four Heavenly Kings" of Chunlan. It is also known as the King of Chunlan, which is of great ornamental value. Let's take a look at the breeding methods of Chunlan and Song Mei.

The growth habits of Song Mei

Song Mei is a horticultural variety and should be planted in a well-ventilated environment. Sex likes yin, avoid direct sunlight, like moist, avoid dryness, 15 ℃ to 30 ℃ is the most suitable for growth. The growth was poor above 35 ℃. The severe cold below 5 ℃ will affect its growth, and orchids are often dormant. If the temperature is too high and the sun is exposed, the leaves will burn or scorch within a day or two. If the temperature is too low and it is not transferred into the house in time, frostbite will occur. Chunlan Songmei is a fleshy root, which is suitable to use sandy loam rich in humus, and its drainage performance must be good. Humus leaf soil or mountain soil with more humus should be selected. For slightly acidic loose soil or iron-containing soil, the suitable pH value is 5.5-6.5.

The breeding method of Song Mei

1. Ramet: after one or two years of cultivation, Songmei can sprout many new buds. When the number of seedlings reaches 6 or 7 seedlings, it can be ramified, usually once every 2 or 3 years. In spring and autumn, select more than 6 or 7 plants, pick up the pot, gently pat the bottom of the basin, pour out the orchid root, be careful not to hurt the new root, brush the old soil on the root, find out the large gap between the false bulbs, break it carefully, trim the withered root and rotten root with scissors, then soak in 40% methyl thiophanate or chlorothalonil 800 times solution for 1 hour, then rinse with clean water and dry. It can be planted when the roots are white and soft.

2. Sowing: the Songmei seed is very fine, there is only one underdeveloped embryo in the seed, the germination power is very low, and the seed coat is not easy to absorb water, so it can not germinate by conventional sowing, so it is necessary to use orchid or artificial medium to supply nutrients to germinate. Sowing it is best to choose uncracked fruit, after the surface is sterilized with 75% alcohol, take out the seed, soak it with 10% sodium hypochlorite for 5 minutes, rinse it with sterile water for 3 times, sow it in a culture bottle containing culture medium, then place it in a dark culture room, keep the temperature about 25 ℃, germinate and move to light to form protocorm.

3. Tissue culture: first, cut 2cm growth buds from the roots of orchid plants cultivated for 2 or 3 years, rinse them with running water for 20 minutes, remove the outermost 1-2 bracts in a sterile tissue culture room with a temperature of 22-25 ℃, soak them in sodium hypochlorite solution for 15 minutes, and sterilize. Then peel, cut into 2-5 mm stem tip, inoculate on the prepared medium, move to the culture place, send out rhizome after 3-4 months, continue to proliferate, and then induce buds and roots. When the test-tube plantlets grow to 5-8 cm and have 2 or 3 roots, they can be transplanted.

The breeding method of Song Mei

1. Plant material: the preparation of nutritious plant material is the basis to promote the healthy growth and flowering of Songmei. You can use fine washed peat 25%, gold plant stone 20%, immortal soil 15%, willow bark 10%, snake wood 15%, Maifan stone 5%, brick 10%. This plant has the advantages of fast growth, healthy growth, good taste and strong aroma.

2. Selection of basin: song Mei's basin had better be a burning high bucket mud basin, or a sesame sand high bucket basin from Yixing, which is not easy to be too large, as long as Langen can stretch out in the basin. It is most suitable to raise about 6 seedlings in each pot, and the orchid plant should have a combination of old, middle and green plants, so that you can see flowers year after year. Remember to use the new pot with blisters (annealing) for more than 2 days, and the old pot to be washed and detoxified before use.

3. Illumination: the sun in the morning is most beneficial to the growth of Song Mei, and the sooner the better, the better. It is best to shine on the orchid plant as soon as the dawn appears. Because morning light is the main factor affecting the growth and flowering of orchids, orchids are most active in photosynthesis in the sun before 10:00 in the morning. Therefore, if there are conditions, it is best to put Song Mei in a place with morning light and shine for 2 to 3 hours a day, which is very conducive to growth and make it blossom every year.

4. Ventilation: a good ventilation environment is a necessary condition for raising Song Mei, and it is very important to put Song Mei in a good ventilation environment. Especially in the muggy weather in summer, Song Mei must be placed in a cool and ventilated place. In northern Henan, as long as it is safe, it can be said that raising orchids is half a success. Ventilation can provide fresh air to orchid plants, accelerate photosynthesis, reduce the occurrence of diseases and insect pests, and promote the growth and health of orchid plants.

5. Watering: watering is the key to the success or failure of raising Song Mei. The ancients said, "make friends, water the flowers and water the roots."Lan likes rain and fears accumulation, likes moistening but hates dampness, likes to dry but avoids dryness."

① should determine the amount of watering according to many factors, such as the size of the basin, the growth status of orchid plants, the ventilation condition, the thickness of plant material, the temperature and so on.

② watering can not be fixed time, should often observe the dry and wet situation of plant materials, grasp the timing of watering, dry watering, watering thoroughly.

The water temperature of ③ watering orchid should be the same as that in the orchid basin as far as possible, and the temperature difference should not be too large, especially in summer and winter.

④ year-round watering to use clean falling water (Rain Water, snow water), it is best not to use tap water, resolutely put an end to polluted water.