Seedling raising technique of Gleditsia sinensis seed

Seedling raising technique of Gleditsia sinensis seed

The seed coat of Zaojiao seed is dense and hard, and the water permeability is poor, so it is difficult to obtain satisfactory results by using conventional seedling raising technique. even if the seed quality is very good, the emergence rate is very low, lack of seedlings, broken ridges are uneven, and even some seeds can not emerge until the second year. In view of the difficulty of raising seedlings of Gleditsia sinensis, the seedling technology of treating Zaojiao seeds with sulfuric acid was explored through production practice, and the seedling emergence rate was more than 90% and the average seedling height was more than 120cm.

1 collecting seeds

In the middle and late November of late autumn and early winter, air-dried Gleditsia sinensis pods were collected from trees, the seeds were peeled off by hand and no longer dried, and the impurities and blighted seeds were removed and put into cloth bags and stored indoors for seedling raising in spring.

2 selection and preparation of nursery sites

Gleditsia sinensis seedlings should choose sandy loam with flat terrain, fertile soil, loose soil and convenient drainage and irrigation. Before sowing, it is necessary to pour water thoroughly to make soil moisture. The ground is generally sprinkled with mature organic fertilizer 2500kg/667m 2. After the ground is slightly dry, the ground is turned and raked deeply to wait for seedling cultivation.

3 raising seedlings and sowing seeds

3.1 Seedling raising time

From mid-late April to early May after soil thawing in spring.

3.2 seed treatment

3.2.1 soak the seeds in sulfuric acid and pour the seeds into pre-prepared porcelain pots, plastic buckets or vats and other non-metallic containers, and then pour 98% concentrated sulfuric acid. The sulfuric acid solution is suitable for soaking the seeds. During the treatment, the seeds soaked in sulfuric acid are stirred with wooden sticks, so that the seeds are treated evenly in the sulfuric acid solution, and be careful not to splash sulfuric acid to avoid burns. The treatment time is 40 minutes to 1 hour, the treatment time is too short to achieve the treatment effect, but the time should not be too long to avoid burning the kernels.

3.2.2 washing seeds soaked in sulfuric acid should be washed repeatedly with clean water immediately after being fished out, and the sulfuric acid stained on the seeds should be cleaned.

3.2.3 soak the seeds in warm water and pour them into the corresponding containers, soak the seeds in 60 ℃ warm water, stir them while pouring water, soak them for 24 hours after natural cooling, change the soaking water to continue soaking on the second day, and wash the seeds with clean water on the third day to accelerate germination.

3.2.4 the soaphorn seeds that promote germination and absorb water are removed and packed in wet cattail bags or wet hemp bags, put in a warm and humid place to accelerate germination, wash them with clean water once a day, and then sow seeds after germination and whitening.

3.2.5 sow the border on the seedling land that is deeply turned and raked flat, make a wide 80~100cm border, the border length is determined according to the situation, open the deep 10~15cm ditch with picks along one side of the ridge, spread poisonous soil in the ditch, cover the seeds lightly with hoes to separate the seeds from the poisonous soil, so as not to burn the seed germ, at the same time, form a sowing ditch with wide 15~20cm, spread the germinated seeds evenly in the ditch, and trample the seeds into the soil with your feet, so that the seeds and the soil are closely combined. Plant the second ditch next to the first trench in the same way, and a part of the soil from planting the second trench is naturally covered on the top of the first trench, so that the third and fourth trenches are planted until the border is covered. After the last ditch in the border was planted, the soil was covered with a flat rake, the thickness of the soil was 2~3cm, and then suppressed. After sowing, if you encounter drought, you can use a spray can to water sooner or later, do not flood irrigation head water. After sowing, it can also be covered with plastic film, and bow-shaped bamboo slices or tree strips are inserted on the sown border surface separated by 60~80cm, and covered with plastic film to form an arch shed to warm and moisturize, which is beneficial to the quick emergence and full emergence of seedlings.

4 field management

4.1 Interseedling and fixed seedling

After the seedlings come out, there should be time seedlings and fixed seedlings. The seedling height 3~5cm carries on the inter-seedling, grasps the inter-seedling standard is each has the space, the seedling is not crowded, does not pile up. The seedlings were fixed when the height of the seedlings was about 10cm. There is no line spacing requirement, there is a random arrangement in the sowing area of 15~20cm, and the distance between seedlings is 10~15cm.

4.2 fertilization and watering, pest control and medicine

Watering the border at the seedling stage is easy to harden, so it is necessary to use shearing hooks to loosen the soil and weed in the field management, such as fixing seedlings.

From June to August, fertilizing and watering was carried out according to the weather and seedling growth, and symptomatic drugs should be used if diseases and insect pests occurred during the growing period. Prune the overlord seedlings in time in order to prevent one plant from affecting the normal growth and development of a large area of seedlings. If large seedlings need to be cultivated, they can be transplanted in the spring of the following year, and the planting density will determine different row spacing according to the demand for seedlings.