What is the parasitic disease of flowers?

Generally speaking, flower diseases can be divided into physiological diseases and parasitic diseases, while physiological diseases are generally caused by burns caused by strong light and frost injury caused by low temperature, which are summarized as discomfort of climate and soil conditions. So what is the parasitic disease of flowers?

Daffodils (details)

Parasitic diseases are caused by fungi, bacteria, viruses, nematodes and so on. These organisms have different forms, but most of them have parasitic power and pathogenicity, and have strong fecundity, which can spread from susceptible plants to healthy plants through various ways (stomata, wounds, insects, wind, rain, etc.). Grow, develop, reproduce and spread under suitable environmental conditions, and spread over and over again. Therefore, this kind of disease causes the greatest harm to flowers. Fungal fungi are lower organisms that have no chlorophyll and have eukaryotes. It takes mycelium as vegetative body and propagates with spores, which is the most important kind of flower diseases. Most fungal diseases have obvious symptoms, such as mildew, powder, rust, dots, filaments and so on. These characteristics are one of the main bases to identify fungal diseases.

Common fungal diseases include powdery mildew, anthrax and so on. Bacteria are a kind of single-celled prokaryotes that reproduce by division. The main characteristic of bacterial disease is that the injured tissue is waterlogged or the disease spot is transparent, and the bacterial mucus overflows from the diseased site to the outside under wet conditions, which is one of the main bases for identifying bacterial diseases. Common bacterial diseases are Iris bacterial soft rot and so on. A virus is a tiny parasite. Its shape can only be observed by electron microscope. It is parasitic in the living cell tissue of flowers, and can spread to the whole plant with the flow of host sap, causing disease of the whole plant.

Virus diseases often show symptoms such as mosaic, yellowing, deformity, ringspot and so on. The common virus diseases are narcissus virus disease and so on. Nematodes belong to a class of lower animals. The nematode is slender, slightly pointed at both ends and generally 1mm in length, resembling a roundworm. The female adults of a few nematodes are spherical or pear-shaped. Most of them live in the soil and parasitize in the roots of flowers, which stimulate the local cell proliferation of the host and form tumors. The common nematode diseases are cyclamen root knot nematode disease and so on.

Flowers and Health

Roses sent to friends, lilies celebrate their wedding; a bunch of carnation, affectionately thank mother grace …... Flowers, as daily consumer goods, have entered thousands of households that have begun to become rich.

Flowers are a symbol of beauty and a sign of health. There are many flowers in life, which not only have ornamental value, but also have the effects of beauty, nutrition, longevity, treatment and health. Flowers and people's lives are inextricably linked directly and indirectly.

◆ beautifies the environment

All kinds of flowers with certain ornamental value are selected indoors and outdoors, and planted and placed according to certain aesthetic principles, so as to make people live, live and study in a beautiful and comfortable environment and bring people a pleasant mood.

◆ regulates climate

Flowers and trees can adjust the temperature and humidity of the air. A small environment that is warm in winter and cool in summer can be formed where there are flowers. It is measured that in summer, where there are trees, the temperature can be 3-5 ℃ lower and the humidity can be increased by 10%-20% compared with the open field.

◆ purifies the air

Many flowers have the function of absorbing and filtering all kinds of dust in the air. It has been determined that at the same site 1.5 meters above the ground, the amount of dust in the area with trees and flowers is 56.7% less than that in the open. Flowers also provide a lot of oxygen. According to measurements, per square meter of leaf area per hour can absorb 1.5 grams of carbon dioxide (equivalent to three times the amount of carbon dioxide exhaled by an adult every day) and release 3.8 grams of oxygen. The huge leaf area of continuous photosynthesis can provide a continuous supply of oxygen and fresh air. Indoors, rooms with flowers contain 50% less mold and bacteria than rooms without flowers.

Flowers can absorb harmful gases such as sulfur dioxide and hydrogen fluoride which are not conducive to human health, but the flowers themselves are not harmed. Flowers and trees transmit the harmful gases absorbed to the roots, and the parasitic root microorganisms will decompose them. It has also been found that there are some cactus serous plants native to tropical arid areas, which have a completely different way of photosynthesis from ordinary plants. They only open their stomata at night to absorb carbon dioxide, and during the day they completely close the stomata, and the carbon dioxide produced during night breathing can also be absorbed and digested by itself, not emitting to the outside, thus making the air fresh. It is determined that a pot of wind pears can absorb more than 100 grams of carbon dioxide per night. A person emits about 300 grams of carbon dioxide in 8 hours at night, 10 square meters of indoor as long as two pots of wind pears can completely ensure the freshness of the indoor air.

◆ health care

According to statistics, there are hundreds of flowers that can give out different fragrances. The fragrance of flowers can make people feel at ease, eliminate fatigue, and at the same time have the effect of treating diseases. For example, lilac flowers can relieve pain; pine and cypress trees can secrete some fungicides and so on. In addition, many varieties of flowers are precious traditional Chinese medicine. According to statistics, among more than 2200 kinds of medicinal materials, flowers and herbs occupy lmax 3. For example, ginkgo biloba is an excellent medicine for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases, Eucommia ulmoides bark can tonify the liver and kidney, calm the fetus, lower blood pressure, peony, forsythia, Prunus chinensis, safflower, pomegranate, honeysuckle and so on play an important role in protecting people's health and treating diseases.

◆ cuisine and beauty

Flowers are an important resource of medicinal diet peculiar to our country. Many flowers are nutritious vegetables, such as magnolia, sweet-scented osmanthus, cactus, roses, jasmine and so on. Can make delicious vegetables and cakes. Nowadays, many pollen bodybuilding supplements are sold on the market, which can prevent aging, increase appetite and lose weight. According to the determination, there are 96 kinds of substances in pollen, including 22 kinds of amino acids and 14 kinds of vitamins, which include almost all the vitamins needed for human growth and development. Such as aloe candy, aloe beverage, aloe moss bread, aloe pastry and other popular in foreign markets. Flower beauty and skin care products are popular all over the world. Such as cactus cleanser, aloe cleanser, aloe lipstick, aloe toothpaste and so on. According to the determination, aloe contains a lot of plant protein and vitamins A, B, C, E and lichen. These vitamins can reduce the wrinkles of the skin and increase the elasticity of the skin.

◆ monitoring function

Some flowers will react quickly when they encounter some toxic substances, thus playing the role of prediction and prediction, and they can be called guardians to protect the environment. If pine and fir encounter sulfur dioxide, the needles will turn yellow and wither. Ding Shan, apricot and walnut are sensitive to automobile exhaust. Rhododendron, peony, tulip, cherry blossom, evergreen, gladiolus and so on are sensitive to hydrogen nitride, and the leaf tip or leaf edge shows purple or dark brown spots after encountering poison gas. Zhonghua is sensitive to ozone. Persia chrysanthemum is sensitive to chlorine. They become alarms for the presence and concentration of toxic gases.

Prediction of special disasters by ◆

Some flowers and trees changed abnormally before the earthquake. For example, before the Tangshan earthquake in 1976, some willow branches in Tianjin withered, bamboo blossomed, and fruit trees blossomed again. Many apricot trees blossomed for the second time before the earthquake in Liaoning sea area in February 1976. These phenomena can be used as a reference for earthquake prediction.

The refuge in the special period of ◆

The large trees connected to the surrounding green space in many earthquake zones effectively prevent the collapse of adjacent buildings and play a role in fire prevention. Vertical greening effectively prevents people from being harmed by falling rubble. They are also temporary habitats for floods. In addition, flowers can effectively prevent soil erosion and protect farmland. It also has the functions of reducing noise pollution, preventing light pollution, reducing wind speed, increasing sunlight illuminance, reducing ultraviolet damage to human body and so on.

The fragrance of ◆ flowers can give people a sense of relief. The fragrance of lemon makes people positive and exciting; the sweet smell of sweet-scented osmanthus relieves mental and physical fatigue; the fragrance of daffodils and lotus flowers can induce warm and romantic feelings; the smell of violets and roses is refreshing; the aroma of apricot flowers can evoke good memories; the fragrance of cloves and jasmine can make people feel relaxed, and the fragrance of lilac flowers can also relieve the pain of people with toothache; geraniums have calming, sleeping and antiasthmatic effects on the human body. The smell of jasmine also has the effect of dispelling drowsiness.

It can be seen that flowers play an important role in preventing air pollution, purifying the air in the community, and improving the living and working environment. Flowers are elegant gifts that people have friendly exchanges and give to each other. They are the symbol and emissary of civilization.

Control methods of Flower Diseases

Flowers (Flower ['flauflowers]; plural: Flowers), which are used to appreciate plants, are abnormal short branches with reproductive function, and there are many kinds of them.

A typical flower bears calyx, petals, and stamens and pistils that produce germ cells on a limited growth axis. Flowers are composed of Corolla, calyx, receptacle and stamens, with a variety of colors, some of which are very gorgeous and fragrant.

There are two kinds of flower diseases: non-communicable diseases and infectious diseases. The main factors for the occurrence of non-communicable diseases are temperature, sunlight, humidity, drought, waterlogging, severe cold, nutrient deficiency or imbalance and mechanical damage. For example, under the hot sun in summer, water-deficient plants wither or partially burn, leaves are scorched, leaves suffer frost damage in winter, acid-loving flowers are irrigated with alkaline water for a long time, resulting in iron deficiency, yellowing, whitening or even drying up leaves, toxic gas pollution in the air, and so on, this kind of disease only affects the injured plant itself and can not be re-infected. Infectious diseases caused by fungi, bacteria, viruses and so on, caused by parasitism of plants, can be cultured and spread rapidly in a suitable environment, resulting in disasters. The main diseases are: black spot, brown spot, anthrax and so on. The prevention and control of black spot can spray 1000 times of carbendazim wettable powder as early as possible. at the same time, strengthen the management of applying more phosphorus and potassium fertilizer to improve the disease resistance of the plant. To prevent and cure anthracnose, one hundred and twenty times Bordeaux liquid should be sprayed before germination. In addition, timely removal of withered leaves and residual branches, concentrated burning and reducing the source of infection are effective for the prevention and control of various diseases.