Attention should be paid to ventilation in the process of orchid culture

In the process of orchid cultivation, the environmental requirements are relatively high, especially if the ventilation measures are not done well, it is easy to cause orchids can not carry out respiration and photosynthesis, which has a great impact on the growth of orchids. So how to ventilate orchids?

Orchid

1. The disease of orchid plant is mostly caused by high temperature and humidity in small environment, hot and unventilated, and the rapid spread of pathogens and insect pests, especially aphids, whitefly, shell insects, brown spot, white silk disease and so on.

2. Ventilation of the venue and shade shed. The site should be as spacious as possible, and in the high place, the flower bed can be made of bricks and stones, or the empty flowerpot can be put upside down and put on the orchid pot, so that the orchid pot is 20 cm to 40 cm away from the ground, especially in places with poor ventilation, the orchid pot should be put as high as possible, and the shade shed uses bamboo curtains and hedges with low price and good quality, and good ventilation.

3. Poor indoor ventilation will change the proportion of various gases in the air, increase harmful gases, reduce useful gases, affect the growth and development of orchids, be prone to mold and rot, and even be poisoned. Houses, enclosed plastic sheds or glass sheds, especially those heated by coal, should open the windows or open the film every day when the indoor temperature exceeds 10 ℃. In winter, when the air temperature is high at noon, an electric fan should be used for directional ventilation. The temperature of the greenhouse is generally high and low, so the air inlet should be in the lower part, while the air outlet is in the upper part, the ventilation speed is fast, and the removal of harmful gases is more thorough. Pay attention to ventilation while cooperating with water spraying, deal with the relationship among ventilation, heat preservation and moisturizing, and prevent cold wind from blowing directly. The density of orchid pots placed indoors should be sparse and not dense. Keep enough distance. If the area is narrow, the flower bed can be built into a ladder. Should pay attention to often wash the surface of the orchid basin with water, and spray the front and back of the orchid leaves to ensure that the stomata are smooth.

Methods of orchid culture, points for attention and skills of orchid culture

Orchids include Chunlan, Jianlan, Cymbidium (Cymbidium), Cymbidium (Cymbidium), Cymbidium, Cymbidium, Cold Orchid, and so on. A wide variety, blooming in four seasons, color and fragrance, lovable. Orchids like fertile, loose, slightly acidic soil. The leaves are long and narrow, the inflorescence has sheathlike bracts, some are erect, some are drooping, and the flowers are elegant and fragrant. It is known as "the orchid does not smell fragrant in the room". Let's take a look at the breeding methods, techniques and points for attention of orchids.

The culture method of orchid 1. Orchid Culture: soil selection

The soil for orchid should be mainly humus, mainly humus soil or mountain humus soil. In the south, humus soil of origin, commonly known as orchid mud, can also be used to prepare loose, aerated and permeable culture soil with saprophyllite, vermiculite, perlite and so on. Generally, 8 parts of rotten leaf soil and 2 parts of river sand were mixed into culture soil, or 7 parts of rotten leaf soil, 2 parts of perlite, 1 part of river sand mixed culture soil, or 6 parts of rotten leaf soil (peat soil), 3 parts of compost soil and 1 part of river sand mixed culture soil. All the above culture soils are slightly acidic.

two。 Orchid Culture: fertilization method

Orchid fertilization, one is to apply base fertilizer in the culture soil, and the other is to topdressing during the growing period. Topdressing often uses liquid fertilizer or foliar fertilizer, and its concentration should be lighter than that of other flowers. Orchids change the culture soil once a year, apply less topdressing during the growth period, and pay attention to timely. Generally, in the growing season, about 15% of fully mature thin cake fertilizer water can be applied, or 0.1% urea fertilizer water plus 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate fertilizer water, once every 15 days; before flowering to the flowering stage, 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate or plant ash water can be sprayed on the leaf surface for 2 times to promote the development of roots, stems and flowers. Orchids are fleshy roots, do not apply unripe fertilizer, so as not to rot the roots.

3. Orchid culture: watering method

Watering orchids should be determined according to species, growth conditions and local climate, should be moist but not wet, dry but not dry; watering should not be too much or too little, and grasp the principle of not drying in autumn and not wet in winter. When the temperature is low in winter, the plant is in a dormant state, so watering should be controlled. Generally, it can be watered every 5-7 days, but the flowering magnolia in winter needs more water.

The water is watered every 2-3 days in spring and autumn, and the orchid is flourishing in summer when the temperature is high, with an average of 1 to 2 times a day. When watering, we should pay attention to prevent water spots from splashing on the leaves, so as not to appear black spots and affect the ornamental effect. During the growth period of orchids, water should be often sprayed on the leaves and sprinkled on the ground around flowerpots in summer to increase air humidity and promote the growth and development of orchids. Rain Water and Xueshui are the best water for watering orchids. If tap water is used, it should be stored for 2-3 days.

4. Orchid culture: temperature requirements

Northern potted orchids should be moved indoors when the temperature drops to 5 ℃ before and after the Frost Festival, and windows should be often opened at the initial stage to maintain ventilation. It is suitable to keep the room temperature about 10 ℃ in winter. Grain Rain later moved to the outside for maintenance. The suitable temperature for orchid growth is 16: 24 ℃. In winter, the indoor temperature is generally low, 10: 12 ℃ in the daytime and 5: 10 ℃ at night, the temperature and humidity should not be too high, and the summer temperature should not exceed 30 ℃.

5. Orchid culture: lighting requirements

Orchids like shade and are afraid of bright light, so they should be shaded in spring, summer and autumn. For family orchids, in order to control the amount of light, it is best to put them on the balcony windowsill or under the eaves with bamboo shade, generally shading from 9 am to 6 pm, and opening the curtain after 6 pm in the morning and after 6 pm to make it accept scattered sunlight. In winter, it should be moved to the place where the scattered light is visible indoors, but direct sunlight should also be avoided. The shade tolerance of orchids was the strongest, followed by Jian Lan, while Chunlan and Cymbidium were weaker.

6. Orchid culture: pot method

The environment where orchids are cultivated should be well ventilated, moist and pollution-free. The orchid basin should choose a high basin. The top is thick and the bottom is thin, with multiple drainage holes, or the basin wall is provided with drainage holes. The orchid pot itself should also have ornamental value.

Due to the slow growth of orchids, the pots can be changed every 1 ~ 2 years after the flowers fade. When putting on the basin, fill in tile grains, slag and so on about 3 cm at the bottom of the basin to facilitate drainage. Then, put into a layer of culture soil, and then put the orchid seedling into the middle of the basin, straighten the root straight and let it stretch naturally. Gently lift the orchid seedling in the middle of the filling, shake the flowerpot at the same time, so that the soil is closely combined with the root, when filling the soil 2cm away from the mouth of the basin, gently press it with your hand. After planting, pour water thoroughly and put it in a cool place, spray water once every morning and afternoon, and move to a shady place with flowers for maintenance after about 7-10 days.

Skills of orchid culture 1. Soil selection skills

Peat soil, black mud, pine soil, pastoral soil, fern root, moss and bark can be used as the culture medium for orchids. To do a good job in the drainage function of the basin floor and increase its permeability, the drainage hole can be paved with tiles, and then laid with a layer of broken brick and stone grains, with a thickness of 1/4 of the depth of the basin floor, and finally the cultivated soil will be laid on the top. When planting orchids, they should be upright and inserted into the soil, and then covered with soil until the bulb. Compacting the soil, no filling within two centimeters, easy to irrigate. After planting, pour water thoroughly, place it in a cool environment, and move the half moon into a ventilated and sunny environment. The basin can be paved with small gravel, which can not only moisturize but also enhance ornamental. Soil selection:

2. Skills of lighting and moisture

The above mentioned "spring is not out, summer is not day, autumn is not dry, winter is not wet", this is the orchid culture principle that needs to be followed. That is, because of the temperature in spring, getting out of the room is easy to be affected by the cold and affect the growth, so it is more appropriate to leave the room in April. Summer in the shade, do not direct sunlight, can be appropriate shade. Autumn is the sprouting period of orchids, and the maintenance of humidity is particularly important. In winter, it is necessary to control watering, because it needs less water, and too much water can easily lead to root and leaf diseases.

3. Fertilization skills

The application of fertilizer should be taboo, so in the growing period, can be horseshoe sauce residue water, bean cake water, once every half a month. The effect is better if an appropriate amount of potassium dihydrogen phosphate is applied. Fertilization is not appropriate in the hot summer season, because the temperature is too high, water loss is fast, fertilizer concentration will become thicker, affecting plant growth. In addition, it needs to be watered every day and sprayed on the leaves several times. The water is slightly acidic, which is beneficial to plant growth.

4. Pruning skills

In the process of orchid culture, plant pruning should be carried out, such as when the old leaves are withered and yellow, which is beneficial to the growth of other leaves and can also be ventilated. On the other hand, the leaves with diseases need to be pruned in time to prevent infection. In addition, scissors also need to be disinfected to prevent infection.

Matters needing attention in Orchid Culture

1, the pot is not too large-small plants grow in large pots, the amount of plant material is large, it is easy to lead to poor ventilation, watering is not easy to control. If watering absorbs too much water, the plant material is not easy to dry, and bacteria invade and cause rotten roots.

2. Orchids should be planted shallowly-do not plant orchids too deep, otherwise long-term moisture will rot. When planting, filling the root, base, or pseudobulb must be exposed.

3. The roots should be unfolded-when planting orchids, the roots should be evenly expanded and should not be squeezed together, so that each root can touch the plant material and ventilation is good.

4. No watering for several days-the roots of newly planted orchids may be injured, and the wound is coated with fungicides, which can not be watered for 3-5 days to achieve efficacy and promote the growth of new buds and roots.

5. Avoid strong light-newly planted orchids must avoid direct sunlight to prevent dehydration. They should be placed in a warm and shady place, and spray can be used to increase the humidity in the air until the orchids return to normal growth.

Propagation methods of Orchid Culture

Orchids are often propagated by ramet and tissue culture, and the varieties are cultivated by sowing method.

1. Ramet propagation

Ramets are carried out in spring and autumn, and vary with different species. The species of flowering in winter and spring should be in late autumn, and the species of flowering in summer and autumn should be carried out before sprouting in early spring. It is common to have a ramet every 2-3 years. It is necessary to reduce watering before ramet, so that the basin soil should be properly dried; when ramet, hold the basin by hand, gently knock the mother plant out of the basin, remove the soil, cut off the rotten roots and leaves, then wash them with clean water and leave them in the shade for 3-5 hours. when the floating water disappears, the roots are white, soft and slightly wrinkled, then cut with a sharp knife from the middle of the false bulb, spread plant ash at the cut, and plant immediately after drying. Ramet operation should be careful to prevent damage to leaf buds and fleshy roots. Put it in the shade after putting it on the basin, and then transfer to normal management after resuming growth.

2. Tissue culture and rapid propagation.

In recent years, a large number of orchids have been produced by tissue culture in China. In addition to breeding orchids, tissue culture techniques are also used in the propagation of Phalaenopsis, Cymbidium, Dendrobium and other orchids.

What matters should be paid attention to in the process of White Orchid planting-- A Collection of Orchid Materials

[orchid problem]:

What matters should be paid attention to in the process of planting white orchids? How to fertilize?

[expert reply]:

Comrade Mei Fan:

Hello!

The answers to your questions are as follows:

White orchid, also known as Bailan, is native to the Himalayas. Like adequate light, warm, humid and well-ventilated ring culture, not cold, not shade, but also afraid of high temperature and strong light, should be well drained, loose, fertile slightly acidic soil, the most avoid smoke, typhoon and stagnant water.

Culture techniques: commonly used crimping and grafting culture. The striping was kept moist by high-altitude pressing from June to July, and took root about 2 months later. Grafted with two-year-old Magnolia as rootstock, the branches of white orchid with the same thickness as rootstock were selected in the plum rain season, then healed in 60-70 days and cut off from the mother plant to form seedlings.

Cultivation and management techniques: change pots in spring.

Water: because the root system is fleshy, it is afraid of stagnant water and is not resistant to dryness. Water once out of the house in spring, then once every other day; once in the morning and evening in summer, foliar water should be sprayed if it is too dry; once every 3 days in autumn; buckle water in winter, as long as the basin soil is slightly moist; pour the stagnant water in time after rain.

Fertilizer: thin fertilizer is applied frequently, cake fertilizer is better, no fertilizer is applied in winter, fertilizer and water is irrigated every 4 days from July to September, once every 6 days from July to September, and once after several times of fertilizer application.

Soil: like good drainage, rich in humus, loose, slightly acidic sandy soil. Usually change the basin once in 2-3 years, and it is better to change the basin after Grain Rain.

Temperature: not cold-resistant, except for South China, all other areas should enter the room for maintenance in winter, the lowest room temperature should be kept above 5 ℃, and the time to leave the room should be from Qingming to Grain Rain.