Tips for modeling black pine bonsai

Black pine is an evergreen tree and a positive tree species. Black pine is very suitable for bonsai cultivation because of its strong resistance to diseases and insect pests, long life and slow growth. If you are also interested in black pine bonsai, you might as well take a look at the modeling method of black pine bonsai introduced to you by the editor.

Black pine bonsai

For unpruned plants growing in the nursery, in order to reduce the weakness of Pinaceae plants that are prone to gum flow and affect their growth, pruning should be carried out in winter when the sap flow is the lowest, and two to three main branches that develop uniformly around should be retained. Keep the angle between the main and lateral branches similar, cut off the overdense main branches, and shorten or cut off the vigorous whorls for the overstrong branches, so as to keep the trunk and branches distinct. Its roughness is less than 1 stroke 3 of the trunk roughness of the place where it is born.

When you want a tree with a straight trunk to be a shade tree, you must do the work of shaping and pruning, which should be carried out in winter.

In November every year, the leaves at the base of black pine branches will naturally turn yellow and change leaves, and can be removed manually if necessary. If the needles of the whole plant are dense and airtight, part of the needles can also be removed to increase ventilation and light transmission. The coring and pruning of black pine is carried out when the new buds elongate in March or April every year, but the needles have not yet been produced. Generally, the crown density can be increased by removing the length of each top bud from 1 to 2.

Because the buds of black pine grow in whorls, many twigs will grow at the top of the same branch. Picking the heart can be combined with sparse buds, that is, when picking the heart, keep three or four buds in different directions, and peel the rest by hand. Thinning buds can promote the growth of main shoots.

When transplanting and coming out of the nursery, it should be dug with soil balls, cut through dense whorls, and properly pick leaves to reduce evaporation.

Tips for growing flowers in May!

Love life, love flowers and grow flowers, so what knowledge do people who love flowers need to know about growing flowers in May?

Tips for growing flowers in May!

The climatic feature of May is that the temperature continues to rise, and the rainfall in our country increases gradually from south to north. After each fall of Rain Water, the temperature increases obviously. The weather with many spring rains turns to muggy after the spring rain of Lesser Fullness of Grain ends, which marks the beginning of summer soon. Therefore, May at the turn of spring and summer is a key period for growing flowers, which plays an important role in laying the foundation for the growth of potted flowers in summer and autumn. The cultivation of flowers from south to north in May mainly includes the following contents:

Tips for growing flowers in May!

First, flower reproduction 1. The main types of flowers and trees that can be sowed in May are: spring of the four seasons, star anise gold plate, broad-leaf ten meritorious works, loquat and so on. When sowing and raising seedlings in May, we should pay attention to the following three points: first, we should keep the seeding bed moist, so that we can neither accumulate water nor lose water too much; second, we should cover the seeding bed with grass to keep it moist, so as to prevent the seedling bed from becoming dry and wet suddenly, causing the seeds to "sprout"; third, after emergence, we should remove the covered grass several times and set up a shed in time to shade the seedlings so as not to burn the seedlings. Sweet-scented osmanthus can pick ripe blue-black fruit at the end of May, rub it with sand to remove the pulp, rinse and store it in wet, clean sand until February next year. When the seed cracks and the radicle tip is exposed, the seeds can be sown in the ground. During storage, attention should be paid to prevent rodents from stealing food and keep the sand moist. Loquat sowing, covering soil should not be too deep, generally no more than 2 to 3 cm is appropriate. two。 The flower species suitable for cutting propagation in May are: red (pink, purple, white), thousand-day red (white), marigold, peacock grass, dragon mouth flower, he's impatiens, colored leaf grass, begonia, sulfur chrysanthemum, rose, rhododendron, Dahlia, hanging bell begonia, coral flower, poinsettia, geranium, leaf flower, mulberry, paulownia, golden lotus, jasmine, jasmine, pearl orchid, red mulberry, Shu Shu, eight immortal flowers, jasmine. Tang, pomegranate, hibiscus, drunken fish grass, Lingxiao, gardenia, epiphyllum, unicorn leaf, Arrow lotus, jade tree, gemstone flower, tiannu flower, magnolia, sticking stem begonia, dry umbrella grass, five-color plum, red-backed cinnamon, shrimp flower, golden bract, dragon spitting pearl, Guangdong evergreen, plantain, green radish, goose palm wood, oleander, firethorn, ten great efforts and Buddha belly bamboo with gas roots, etc. 3. Grafting in May with 1-2-year-old purple magnolia or cutting seedlings, white orchid and smiling flowers were propagated by grafting, red maple, feather maple, coir maple, etc. cutting seedlings of 2-to 3-year-old rhododendron were used to split propagation of rhododendron, wild rose as rootstock, superior varieties of Chinese rose and Artemisia annua as rootstock. The two-year-old seedlings of Chimonanthus praecox were used as rootstock, and the excellent variety of Chimonanthus grafted with tender shoots could also be grafted with potted rootstocks. In addition, cactus and trigonous arrow can be used as rootstock to propagate crab claw orchid by grafting. 4. The flower species that can be propagated by ramets in May are: Hosta, purple calyx, Iris, one-leaf orchid, onion orchid, crabgrass, 12 volumes, Guangdong evergreen, orchid, jasmine, pearl orchid, golden chrysanthemum, thousand kohlrabi, four seasons begonia, kidney fern and other flowers and trees that can be propagated under high pressure in May are as follows: Magnolia, rubber tree, Milan, rhododendron, camellia, variegated wood, Michelia, red maple and so on. The flowers and trees that can be propagated under low pressure are: plum blossom, wax plum, rose, gardenia, Luo Han pine, sweet-scented osmanthus, Lingxiao and so on. Tips for growing flowers in May!

2. Potting and transplanting

1. Most of the potted flowers used for street decoration during the National Day must be planted in May. After three to four months of careful maintenance, they can blossom on time at the end of September and the beginning of October, so as to create a festive, warm and colorful atmosphere. The main species are: a string of red (pink, white, purple), thousand-day red (white), cockscomb, hundred-day red, sulfur chrysanthemum, chrysanthemum, ground skin, marigold, Longkou flower, Tianmeng, he's impatiens, colored leaf grass, begonia and so on.

two。 Transplanting at the end of April and the beginning of May, when Magnolia Magnolia was transplanted from the end of April to just before budding and spreading leaves, the survival rate was the highest. Some flowers and trees that germinate late and are easy to survive can also be planted with soil balls in early May, such as crape myrtle, hibiscus, bauhinia, pomegranate, acacia and so on. Tips for growing flowers in May!

Third, flower management 1. Watering due to the rising temperature, the water demand of potted ornamental plants will gradually increase. In addition to paying attention to the combination of root watering and foliar spraying, we must also pay attention to the quality of water used for watering and spraying, and it is best not to use tap water directly, especially not to use tap water treated with bleach directly. To this end, tap water can be first injected into a pool or small tank, and then an appropriate amount of acidified substance is added to improve the acidity of water quality, such as ferrous sulfate, whose concentration can be controlled between 0.1% and 0.2%. The main species of potted flowers suitable for acidic water quality are camellia, tea plum, plum blossom, rhododendron, Yingshanhong, gardenia, Ruixiang, magnolia, chrysanthemum, begonia, safflower oil tea, etc.; foliage species are: iron tree, spring feather, tortoise back bamboo, palm bamboo, rubber tree, fern, Luohan pine, variable leaf wood, red (green) gemstone, hulk, green emperor, synthetic fruit taro, bamboo taro, pineapple, Brazilian wood, rich tree, goose palm wood, etc. Fruit categories are: daidai, firethorn, kumquat, bergamot, lemon, southern bamboo, winter coral and so on. two。 Pruning, picking buds (1) pruning of white orchids shortly after leaving the room, special attention should be paid to the loose pith of the branches, and the cross section is easy to lose water and dry up and extend downwards. For this reason, consideration should be given to cutting 8 to 10 centimeters above the bud eye. Do not get too close to the bud eye. Pruning after potted rose flowers should be moderately reduced by 10 to 20 centimeters, and the bud eyes located in the middle of the branches can give birth to flower buds. (2) picking buds for potted Chimonanthus plants, we should also pay attention to the position of picking buds, which should generally be 3-5 cm above the selected leaf buds, otherwise they will wither and atrophy because of the wound, which will affect the selected leaf buds downwards. For the rose on the basin in the same year, the terminal buds should be removed in time to promote the formation of a good plant shape. 3. After shading enters May, it is appropriate to move the half-shade or shade-loving potted plants under the shade or in the shade, such as: tortoise back bamboo, brown bamboo, taro, spring feather, hulk, red (green) gemstone, green emperor, pink daiye, sunflower, taro, orchid, rhododendron, crane orchid, camellia, tea plum, etc.; flowers and trees that like light must be given full light, such as wax plum, iron tree, rose, pyracantha, jasmine, magnolia, etc. Bonsai plants, such as hammer elm, sparrow plum, triangular maple, bayberry, oak, June snow, black pine, cotton pine, etc., require sufficient light, while Luohan pine, tiger thorn, Chinan, Cuibai, five-needle pine and so on can be shaded appropriately. 4. Fertilizing Camellia, rhododendron, tea plum, plum blossom, Milan, jasmine, white orchid, gardenia, wintersweet, rose, Ruixiang, gentleman orchid, orchid, begonia, etc., respectively, after the flower fade, the residual flowers and abortive stems were removed, nitrogen-based and phosphorus-supplemented compound fertilizer was applied once every semimonthly, while restoring its vegetative growth, it laid a good foundation for its pregnant flower buds. For foliage-based species, such as rubber trees, tortoise-backed bamboos, hulks, red (green) gems, green emperors, spring feathers, orchids, ferns, etc., the fertilizer and water of thin pancakes are applied once every half month. For foliage plants with colored spots and patterns, such as Phnom Penh tiger tail orchid, colorful pineapple, golden heart Brazilian wood, variable leaf wood, colored leaf taro, white butterfly taro, pink leaves, etc., 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution can be applied outside the root to make the leaf color look more beautiful and bright. 5. Disease and pest control for rose, etc., we should pay attention to the prevention and control of powdery mildew and brown spot, and timely spray pesticides to kill the leaf-eating pests; to the dai dai, kumquat, golden bean, bergamot, lemon, rue and other common leaf-eating pests-citrus butterfly larvae should be killed as soon as possible. Tips for growing flowers in May! Fourth, bonsai modeling can still be used in May to enjoy bonsai plants: plum blossom, lobular gardenia, mountain gardenia, Luohansong, June snow, emerald cypress, bayberry, Galo wood, ginkgo and so on. It is worth noting that: modeling must be careful, try not to hurt the branches and bones, otherwise it will affect the normal growth of plants. 1. Picking the heart, planting grass and flowers on the ground, such as chrysanthemum, impatiens, Fu Lukao, osmanthus bamboo incense, dahlias, colored leaf grass, etc., in the middle and late May to promote their branches. For woody flowers, such as plum blossom, wintersweet, gardenia, etc., can also be through heart-picking to promote plant germination of lateral branches.

two。 Pruning, the flowers and trees planted in the courtyard, such as bauhinia, crape myrtle, firethorn, snowball, pomegranate, etc., can continue to prune to remove dead branches, disease and insect branches, thin branches, etc., to adjust the plant shape.

Tips for growing flowers in May!

Basic knowledge of growing flowers, grass and potted plants

Basic knowledge of growing flowers, grass and potted plants

Good teaching materials: basic knowledge of growing flowers, grass and potted plants

Potted basic knowledge watering chapter 1. Term explanation-buckling water is in the process of flower growth, no watering or less watering to limit its vegetative growth, so that nutrients are accumulated, which is conducive to flower bud differentiation and formation of flower buds. For example, the cultivation of triangular plum, plum blossom (green peach, chrysanthemum, jasmine, winter coral, bergamot, orange, etc.) begins to "buckle water" when the new shoot grows to about 20 cm, that is, without watering for 2-3 days, the plant begins to show a withered state due to lack of water, and only a small amount of water is watered to restore the leaves. After repeated 2-3 times, the growth of the top of the branch is inhibited, making nutrients concentrated and promoting flower bud differentiation. 2. Noun explanation-backwater means that fresh water must be watered again in the morning after fertilizing the night before. It can promote the root system to absorb fertilizer and avoid fertilizer damage. Because the fertilizer applied the night before last after a night of infiltration, the concentration of fertilizer is too high, not only it is not easy to absorb the roots, but also burn the seedlings. After watering "backwater", the fertilizer in the soil is diluted, which is beneficial to root absorption. (more suitable for the following flowers: West (country) rhododendron, gentleman orchid, camellia, magnolia, jasmine, pearl orchid, etc.) 3, noun explanation-"blocking waist water" is also called "half-cut water", which refers to the basin soil "wet up and down dry", that is, the upper part is wet and the lower half is dry. Due to the poor drainage of the soil leads to stagnant water in the basin soil, the poured water can not leak out of the basin hole.

4. Noun explanation-hard water and soft water are divided into hard water and soft water according to the condition of salt content. Soft water refers to water whose hardness is less than 8 degrees; hard water refers to water whose hardness is higher than 8 degrees and has higher salt content. Water should be watered with salt-free soft water. 5, noun explanation-see dry see wet for some flowers that like to be wet, such as rhododendron, camellia, Michelia, gardenia, Milan, etc., it is necessary to water according to the principle of "dry and wet". When you see the white surface of the cultivation medium, you can water it until it is wet. To achieve the basin soil should not be too dry or too wet for a long time, just keep it "moist". 6. Noun explanation-dry and thoroughly watered potted flowers such as orchids, preserved plums and geraniums that like dry and afraid of waterlogging should be watered according to the principle of "dry and thoroughly watered". Only when the cultivation medium is dry can it be watered. "watering thoroughly" means not pouring "waist water", but to make the basin soil drenched thoroughly. If it is not irrigated thoroughly, the root system will not be able to absorb water, which will affect its growth. 7. Noun explanation-better dry than wet for five-needle pine, black pine and xerophytes, water should be watered according to the principle of "better dry than wet". Water must not be accumulated until it is thoroughly dry. 8. Noun explanation-soil moisture is usually expressed as a percentage of soil water content. The water needed for flower growth is mainly absorbed from the soil, so the soil moisture is generally 60-70% of the field capacity. 9. Noun explanation-the field soil has a maximum water-holding capacity, which is collectively referred to as the field water-holding capacity, which is about 25%, which is a limit of soil water-holding capacity. 10. Noun explanation-the magnitude of air humidity is often expressed as a percentage of air relative humidity. During the day, at the highest temperature in the afternoon, the relative humidity of the air is the smallest and the maximum in the morning. The air humidity required for general flowers is about 65-70%, while plants in arid and desert climates are much lower than this. Species with aerial roots, such as greenhouse flowers, tropical foliage plants and tropical orchids, as well as humidity-loving plants such as ferns, need about 70-80% air humidity. 11. Noun explanation-- dry air: due to dry air, a large amount of water in flowers transpirates. At this time, the lack of water in the soil will cause the plant water imbalance and temporarily wither, but it will not die. 12. Noun explanation-soil drought: atmospheric drought often causes soil drought. Soil long-term expenditure of water, and there is no timely replenishment, can not supply the water needed by flowers, resulting in withering and death. 13, noun explanation-waterlogging due to poor soil drainage, too much water, air can not enter the soil, over time will cause plant suffocation and death. Culture soil-medium part 1, noun explanation-- the mass of medium per unit volume. To reflect the loose and compact degree of the medium, the bulk density indicates that the medium is too tight, and the permeability of water and air is poor; too small bulk density indicates that it is too loose, and the plant is not easy to stand firm. 2. Noun explanation-the sum of water-holding pores and permeable pores in total porosity media has been expressed as a percentage of the volume of the medium. 3. Noun interpretation-ph value ph value: an indication of pH. PH7 means alkaline. When the PH value is more than 6.5, the absorption capacity of iron, boron and other trace elements in most plants will decline, and element deficiency will occur over a long time. 4. Noun explanation-an indicator of the concentration of salt in an EC solution, usually expressed as mS. The hydroponic nutrient solution must be a pollution-free nutrient solution with low electrical conductivity, which can maximize the dissolved oxygen while ensuring the comprehensive and reasonable nutrition of plants. Because at the same pressure and temperature, the level of dissolved oxygen in the nutrient solution decreases with the increase of salt content. 5. Noun interpretation-alkalinity is understood as the ability of water to neutralize acids (H +), that is, buffering capacity. The total amount of dissolved HCO3-, CO32- and OH- is determined. Another understanding is like lime in water. The higher the alkalinity, the faster the PH rises. 6. Noun explanation-soil particles with different texture and thickness account for different proportions in the soil, thus forming different soil qualities. 7. Noun explanation-the water content that a soil can retain after draining and removing gravity water. 8. Noun explanation-pores refer to the macropores left by the discharge of gravity water, usually called aerated pores. 9. Noun explanation-the ratio of carbon to nitrogen refers to the relative ratio of carbon to nitrogen in organic media. When the ratio of carbon to nitrogen is high, most of the nitrogen will be absorbed by soil microorganisms. 10. Noun interpretation-CEC refers to the ability of soil to absorb and preserve nutrient ions, not to be washed by water, and to release nutrients for plant growth. 11. Noun interpretation-sandy soil, sandy loam, loam, clay sandy soil: a kind of soil dominated by sand. The sandy soil is aerated and permeable, so it is suitable for germination and emergence, but it has poor fertility, is vulnerable to drought and has few nutrients. Mainly apply organic fertilizer, chemical fertilizer should not be applied more. Sandy loam: a kind of soil that contains more sand but less fine soil. Generally, it can be spherical when wet, but the spherical surface is uneven and the dry soil is easy to crush. This kind of soil is loose, aerated and permeable, and is suitable for farming, but its fertilizer and water retention is poor. Organic fertilizer is the main fertilizer, and chemical fertilizer is applied frequently and less. Loam: a kind of soil with good soil property and suitable sand clay content. Its characteristic is loose but not loose, sticky but inconvenient, not only aerated and permeable, but also water and fertilizer conservation, and high fertility, suitable for planting in all kinds of plants. Clay: soil in which clay content is absolutely dominant and sand content is very low. It has high water and fertilizer conservation capacity and contains more nutrients for plants, but the ventilation and permeability is poor, the soil mass is large, and it is not easy to cultivate. 12. Noun interpretation-River sand, Haisha river sand: sand dug from freshwater lakes or shallow ditches in mountainous areas, generally without salinity or alkalinity, can be mixed into the soil to grow flowers, or as a medium for cutting. Sea sand: it is dug up from the beach. It is slightly saline-alkaline because it is washed by sea water. It can be washed with clean water and mixed into the soil to grow flowers. 13. Noun explanation-the acidity and alkalinity of acidic soil and alkaline soil is a term to measure the content of acid and alkali in soil. The soil with PH value less than 7 is acidic soil, and the soil with PH value greater than 7 is alkaline soil. PH value 3-4: strong acidity; PH value 5: acidity; PH value 6: weak acidity; PH value 7: neutral; PH value 8: weak alkaline; PH value 9: alkaline; PH value 10-11: strong alkaline. 14. Noun explanation-Humus is a kind of soil organic matter, which is completely decayed and decomposed by microorganisms. It has moderate cohesiveness and can make clay loose and sand bonded. Humus itself contains a variety of nutrients, has a strong absorption, can improve soil fertilizer and water conservation, but also can buffer soil acid-base changes, which is conducive to microbial activities and plant growth. 15. Noun explanation-rotten leaf soil refers to the organic matter formed by the accumulation and maturity of fallen leaves. Rotten leaf soil is soft, has the characteristics of good ventilation, good drainage and light weight, which is an excellent species in pot culture soil. Generally not used directly, mixed with other soil can be good soil quality, so that the soil Peng pine is conducive to plant growth. 16. Noun explanation-vegetable garden soil is used to grow vegetables in rural areas (including topsoil for planting trees in courtyards and green spaces). This kind of soil has good aggregate structure, fertile and good drainage, and is suitable for many kinds of flower cultivation. 17. Noun explanation-peat soil is also called peat and peat. It is a plant that is buried in moss and aquatic plants that is not completely decomposed. It is acidic and rich in organic matter, which can improve the physical properties of soil. Peat soil itself can not absorb and use many nutrients for plants, but it contains a lot of fiber and humic acid, and has a strong ability to absorb fertilizer and retain water. 18. Noun explanation-rotten grass soil is a decaying soil formed by the accumulation of weeds, poles, etc. Contains long-lasting nutrients for many years and is used to cultivate perennials. 19. Noun explanation-wooden soil is also known as "tree dung". It is the product of decaying branches and sawdust, and its property and structure is similar to that of rotten leaf soil, which is acidic and easy, but lack of nutrients, so it is suitable for planting crab claw orchid, Dendrobium and so on. 20. Noun explanation-the mountain mud is formed by the decaying stratification of deciduous leaves in the broad-leaved forest for many years. Ventilated and permeable, good fertilizer and water retention. Suitable for growing orchids and orchids. 21. Noun explanation-Orchid mud, also known as black soil, is black and light. Suitable for growing rhododendron, camellia, bamboo and so on. 22. Noun explanation-bagasse is mostly used in tropical areas and has a high C / N ratio. Nitrogen must be added to meet the needs of rapid microbial decomposition. With high water holding capacity, rapid decomposition in the container, easy to dense, resulting in poor ventilation and drainage, rarely used. 23. Noun explanation-bark, pine bark and hardwood bark have good physical properties and can partly replace peat as pot medium. 24. Noun explanation-sawdust and bark have similar properties, but they are easier to decompose and deposit, and are too dense to dry. 25. Noun explanation-shavings are similar in composition to sawdust, except that the individual is larger and can provide higher ventilation. 26. Noun explanation-the husk has good drainage and ventilation, and will not affect the original ph value, soluble salt and anti-decomposition of the mixed medium, so it has high use value. However, it is necessary to cook before use to kill the pathogen. 27. Noun explanation-Caramel is a soilless medium made from grain husk by carbonization. Ph is slightly alkaline, but it can be neutral after several times of watering, and its ability to absorb nutrients is poor, but it can achieve satisfactory results when mixed with the same amount of peat as seedling pot medium. 28. Noun explanation-perlite, vermiculite, ceramsite temperature chapter 1, noun explanation-vernalization refers to the phenomenon that annual or biennial seed crops need to undergo a period of low temperature in the seedling stage before they can blossom and bear fruit. This period of development is called vernalization. 2. Noun explanation-temperature refers to the temperature measured in the louver box, where the ball of the thermometer is 1.5 meters above the ground. 3. Noun explanation-the temperature needed by flowers in the whole life activity is called biological temperature, which can be expressed by three temperature indicators. The biological minimum temperature is the lower limit temperature for the beginning of growth and development; the biological optimum temperature is the most suitable temperature for life maintenance and the fastest temperature for growth and development; and the biological maximum temperature is the upper limit temperature for life maintenance. 4. Noun explanation-effective accumulated temperature each flower has its own lower limit temperature for growth. When the temperature is higher than the lower limit temperature, it can grow and develop. This higher temperature value, which plays an effective role in the growth and development of flowers, is called effective accumulated temperature. The sum of the effective temperature of flowers during the whole growth period. 5. Noun explanation-Frost during the growing period, when the temperature drops to or below 0 degrees, causes the intercellular space of the plant to freeze. If the temperature rises quickly, the cell does not have time to absorb the evaporated water, causing the plant to dehydrate or die. 6. noun explanation-the temperature of cold injury is above 0 degrees, but it is lower than the lowest temperature that flowers can endure at that time, which causes the obstacle of labor-saving activity, the decrease of the vitality of cell protoplast and the decline of root absorptive capacity. there are some phenomena, such as twig and leaf withering. Light part 1, noun explanation-Solar Spectrum the three parts that have the greatest influence on flowers are visible light, ultraviolet light and infrared light. 2. Noun explanation-visible light is the energy source for photosynthesis of flowers. Through a prism, sunlight is divided into red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo and purple, forming a light band. Red-orange light and blue-purple light absorb the most chlorophyll, while green light is almost completely reflected, so the leaves are green. 3. Noun explanation-ultraviolet light is invisible light other than purple light and cannot pass through ordinary glass. Among them, the wavelength + longer part can promote seed germination, fruit ripening and flower coloring. On the other hand, the part with shorter wavelength can not only inhibit the excessive growth of flowers, but also kill bacteria, thus improving the germination rate of seeds. 4. Noun explanation-infrared is invisible light other than red light. It is a kind of hotline, but its existence can be sensed. It is absorbed by the ground and converted into heat, which can increase the temperature and provide the heat needed by flowers. 5. Noun explanation-long sunshine flowers need more than 12 hours of sunshine every day to form flower buds. Flowers that bloom in spring and summer mostly belong to long sunshine flowers, such as iris, impatiens and so on. 6. Noun explanation-short-day flowers can form flower buds only after less than 12 hours of sunshine every day. In the environment of long sunshine in summer, flower bud differentiation can only be grown, but flower bud differentiation can not be carried out until the same day's sunshine decreases to 10-11 hours in autumn. Such as poinsettia, chrysanthemum, eight immortal flowers and so on. 7. Noun explanation-flowers in China Rizhao whose flower bud formation is not strict with the length of daytime sunshine. They have no obvious response to the duration of light, as long as the temperature is right, they can blossom all the year round. Such as rose, calla lily, hundred-day grass and so on. 8. Noun explanation-Light intensity refers to the energy of visible light received per unit area. Abbreviated as illuminance, unit Lax. 9. Noun interpretation-direct light refers to the light that the sun projects directly onto the ground with parallel rays. 10. noun explanation-scattered light is the light that spreads from the sky to the ground after sunlight passes through substances such as air molecules, dust and water droplets. 11. Noun explanation-positive flowers generally grow strong in strong light. Otherwise, it will lead to soft branches, light leaves, and do not blossom. Such as rose, poinsettia, Fusang and so on. 12. Noun explanation-negative flowers generally grow and develop normally only in the case of low light with a shade degree of more than 50%. Such as begonia, ferns, tortoise back and so on. 13. Noun explanation-neutral flowers have nothing to do with the intensity of light and can grow and develop. Such as cycad, Tianmendong and so on. Tips for the cultivation of green plants-over the years, my family's flowers and plants have been growing one after another, and they will unfortunately die in less than two or three months (here observe a moment of silence for two seconds to observe a moment of silence for those sacrificed green plants). In the last two years, I changed it to bottled water plants. it's a little green at home. There are basically two kinds of green plants in my family, one is rich bamboo, the other is green apple. The rich bamboo leaves turn yellow when raised, and then it becomes a "bamboo pole" at last. Fortunately, the rich bamboo is not expensive, it costs one yuan to buy one after a period of time, and throws away the bad ones (a little cruel, as if people are buried before they die). Later, my friend told me to put an iron nail in the water, so that the rich bamboo grew well, and the rich bamboo in the picture was survived among 40 or 50 branches. They have adapted to my harsh environment and survived tenaciously (figure 1): green pineapple is bought one pot at a time, extremely exuberant, after planted in my beautiful flowerpot, the longer the leaves, the less leaves, and finally when I pull them out, I trim the roots, put them in a glass bottle, and replace them with new ones. I kept it like this for more than a year, and last month I bought another pot of green apple. I carefully observed that such a large pot of green apple grew so well in a small basin. I found that there was not a hole under the flowerpot as before, but many holes (figure 2):

There is also a basin with more holes (figure 3). I think of a pot of green apple I bought before, and the roots are sticking out from the hole in the bottom of the basin, which shows that the root of the green apple needs to breathe so that it can grow well. In addition, I found that the green radish basin I bought did not seem to be soil, but some sawdust, and the green pineapple was hung up, and it was probably well ventilated, so the root system was so developed that it was almost a foot long and coiled together (figure 4). The thin root is like a cat beard, just two or three, not to mention the leaves above. Later, I also punched a lot of holes in my flowerpot (figure 5): newly bought green apple (figure 6): after planting the green apple, put it on the tray in order to maintain air circulation (figure 7): this pot of green apple grows well. I still have a pot of green apple that used to be good, but I forgot to turn off the water heater when I watered it and washed it with a sauna. I bought another one and put it on for more than 20 days. I think it's all right, but I don't know how long I can hold on (figure 8): the green apple I cut is in the bottle. I always love rotten roots. For some reason, I really want to know how to grow them. If I find out the reason, I will tell you (figure 9): if Atta sees this post, whether to try it or not, putting some plants at home can get angry and make money. In addition, I told Atta (and other netizens) that I could not reply to your post at any time (not all before). I bought too little time on the Internet, now I can't use other people's phone, and I don't have time to change it. I heard my son say that he was in Wukesong. He exceeded more than 50 last month. I felt distressed as soon as I surfed the Internet a few days ago. The more anxious I was, the more I typed wrong words. I went down every time I looked at the Internet. It is expected to be the same this month (it may have to be changed next month).

What is "green decoration"? First, green design: recommend home "green design" to ease people's tension, so that people's tension has been adjusted, which is a very useful measure. Indoor "green design" techniques: 1, indoor design outdoor. Through the design, the designer makes the interior as if it were outdoor, introducing nature into the interior. 2. Through the architectural design or transformation of the architectural design to make the interior and exterior transparent, or to open part of the wall, so that the interior and exterior integration, to create an open mobile space, so that residents can get more sunshine, fresh air and scenery. 3. Pursue pastoral flavor in urban housing, even in the interior space of catering commercial service, and create a comfortable atmosphere of rural family through design. 4. use natural plastic arts in interior design, that is, living plastic arts: indoor green potted plants, bonsai, waterscape, flower arrangement and so on. 5. Create green landscape indoors by means of painting. 6. Indoor gardening techniques. 7. Emphasize the application of natural color and natural material in interior design, let users perceive natural material and return to the original and natural. 8. The sound effect and odor effect similar to nature are used in the creation of indoor environment. 9. Environment is the category of ecology. Cave-dwelling forms such as "loess cave" and nesting forms with construction as nests will once again become the research and design direction of architecture and interior design. 10, the ordinary family indoor floor height, generally in 2.5Mui 3m, in order to make the occupants do not feel depressed indoors, in the design, can be used as a hollowed-out carved scaffolding, downgraded in the 30CM or so, so that the hollowed-out frame from the zenith around the 15CM, and in the hollowed-out frame installed hidden blue lights or tubes, illuminated to the zenith, a sky blue surface, as if in a fantasy, there is a sense of openness, a sense of freshness. 11. Another aspect of environmental protection design is the collocation and combination of colors. Proper color selection and collocation can have the dual effect of health and decoration. Second, the use of green building materials: home decoration materials are harmful to human health in at least six aspects. First, it is the "new home syndrome". The occupants have a series of symptoms such as eye, nose, throat irritation, fatigue, headache, skin irritation, difficulty breathing and so on. Second, it produces typical neurobehavioral impairment, including memory impairment. Third, it is the trigeminal nerve receptor that stimulates people. Fourth, it is to cause inflammation on the respiratory tract. Fifth, is to reduce the human body's disease resistance (immune function). Sixth, it has obvious mutagenicity, which proves that it is possible to penetrate human tumors. Generally speaking, most of the inorganic materials in decorative materials are safe and harmless, such as keels and accessories, common profiles, floor tiles, glass and other traditional decoration materials, while some chemical compounds in organic materials are harmful to human body to a certain extent. most of them are polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, such as benzene, phenol, anthracene, aldehyde and their derivatives, with strong irritating odors, which can lead to a variety of physiological and psychological pathological changes. 1, the choice of metope decoration materials: home metope decoration as far as possible not to use a large area of wooden board decoration, you can wipe the original metope after brushing water-based paint, you can also choose a new generation of pollution-free PVC environment-friendly wallpaper, and even use natural fabrics, such as cotton, hemp, silk and so on as the substrate of natural wallpaper. 2, the choice of ground materials: the choice of ground materials is wide, such as floor tiles, natural stone, wood flooring, carpets and so on. Floor tiles generally do not have pollution, but large areas of the room are made of natural stone, and plates that have been tested to contain no radioactive elements should be selected. Before choosing composite floor or chemical fiber carpet, you should carefully check the corresponding product. If solid wood flooring is used, floor adhesives with low emission rate of organic matter should be selected. 3, the choice of the top material: the floor height of the bedroom is generally not high, but do not do the ceiling, brush the original ceiling with water-based paint or paste environment-friendly wallpaper. If the local or overall ceiling, it is recommended to use light steel keel paper plasterboard, silicon calcium board, Eter board and other materials to replace the wooden keel splint. 4, the choice of soft decoration materials such as curtains, bed covers, pillowcases, sand release and other soft decoration materials, it is best to choose fabrics with high cotton and linen content, and pay attention to the fact that the dye should have no peculiar smell, strong stability and not easy to fade. 5. Selection of painting materials for wood products the most commonly used coating materials for wood products are all kinds of paints, which are well-known sources of indoor pollution. However, some domestic enterprises have developed environmentally friendly paints, such as Yajue, Aidi brand decoration paint, pigeon brand metal paint, etc., which do not use benzene thinner, less irritating smell and faster volatilization, which are welcomed by users. Remind consumers to pay attention to the following points: 1, do not trust non-professional advertising. For the advertising of manufacturers or merchants, it is necessary to know more about the relevant materials and details, consult relevant books, compare goods, and analyze and compare them rationally. 2. Don't blindly believe in famous brands. The high popularity of the product does not necessarily mean that it is of high quality, let alone that it does not contain harmful ingredients. 3. Choose the decoration products of formal enterprises. Especially through the ISO9000 series quality system certification or China Fangyuan logo product quality certification enterprises. 4. Learn about the use of certain decoration products by others. 5. Strictly measure whether the radiation values of granite and marble exceed the standard. 6, the use of health care antibacterial building materials: the use of sterilized glass, the use of antibacterial tiles on the wall. 7, high-quality green environmental protection paint: 8, the use of natural resin paint (lacquer), water-based wood varnish, enamel painting building door, window surface. 9. Whether the wood is in line with the standard of environmental protection, whether the large core board has an irritating smell, and use professional equipment to judge whether its isocyanate, chlorine, anticorrosive pesticides and free formaldehyde exceed the standard. Third, green environmental protection construction: while using green environmental protection building materials, we should always maintain the smooth flow of indoor air during the construction process, emit harmful gases in time, and properly classify and dispose of construction waste at the same time, to ensure that the construction process will not affect the health of construction personnel and the environment.

Fourth, the use of green furniture: where does formaldehyde come from? Living in an environment with excessive formaldehyde content will show symptoms of formaldehyde poisoning, such as dizziness, pungent smell, tears and palpitations. Long-term exposure to formaldehyde also increases the likelihood of causing cancer. In the home decoration material, such as the composite floor, some furniture, the backplane of the Ambry, the panel and so on uses the density board, because the density board uses the urine aldehyde glue, the formaldehyde content is higher, at present the country has established the strict standard to the formaldehyde content in the density board, therefore should pay attention to the material brand, the origin and the inspection report when choosing and purchasing. The renovated room must also be fully ventilated and cannot be checked in immediately. Other wood-based panels, such as large core panels, plywood, plywood and so on, because the adhesives used are mainly vinyl acetate, so the content of formaldehyde is relatively low. The release of formaldehyde is an index to measure the amount of formaldehyde released by the product. At present, the adhesive used in decorative panels is still mainly urea-formaldehyde resin, and the residual formaldehyde not involved in the reaction will be gradually released to the surrounding environment. The release of formaldehyde and ammonia and radioactive pollution are three important pollution sources in home decoration, especially ammonia and radioactivity. If not through the instrument, people can not be aware of their existence. Therefore, you can judge whether there is such pollution in the living environment through the inspection of experts. Green decoration notes: metope paint pay attention to "memory" pollution: in the choice of paint, in addition to color and luster, the most important thing is to choose environmentally friendly paint. Generally speaking, the quality and environmental protection of joint ventures and imported brands are relatively guaranteed, such as Lippon paint, Dolores, Laiwei, Yadu, Shennuli, Chinese paint giraffes, Mowell and so on. Domestic lacquers such as red lions and lighthouses are also good. When choosing and buying paint, you must go to the designated brand store. In addition, the real brand agents have a series of supporting documents. Also pay attention to the use of auxiliary materials in construction, especially glue and primer. Even if you choose environmentally friendly paint, you should not be careless in the treatment of the substrate. The use of well-known brand primer can not only ensure the overall effect, but also absolutely necessary from the point of view of environmental protection. In addition, the use of glue should also pay attention to, 107 glue contains harmful substances, the relevant national regulations have explicitly prohibited the use of 107 glue in home decoration. You must pay special attention to these accessories which are easy to be ignored. Ground floor beware of "free" killer: the really safe wooden floor standard should be beneficial and harmless to the human body, there are no quality accidents in use, and there are three aspects that will not cause damage to buildings and the environment. At present, there are many kinds of wood flooring, in terms of itself, solid wood flooring does not contain harmful substances, while fake and shoddy composite flooring may contain harmful substances. Harmful substances include two aspects: first, the floor with adhesive contains excessive release of free formaldehyde; if free formaldehyde exceeds 40mg100g, it is harmful to the human body and is not allowed to be sold through the market, you had better choose the green floor with formaldehyde content around 10mg100g. Such as: European ship deck, Parker, Holy Image and other brands. In addition, Baili, Taibu floor is the first to pass the international green environmental protection certification, you can rest assured to use; second, in the process of brushing paint to use a variety of organic solvents, such as: toluene, nitro and so on will emit harmful gases to the human body. It is recommended that you buy a good surface decoration when you buy the floor, and do not buy a vegetarian board if you have painted the floor. So when you buy a floor, it is best to refer to the wooden floor standard specifications, according to their own needs and hobbies, choose the floor in line with the national security standards. All in all, the safe selection of materials in home decoration is the key to environmental protection. You must pay special attention to the selection of materials to protect your family to live healthily in a comprehensive environment.