Maintenance and management of plum blossoms after autumn

After autumn, the plum blossom will appear the most wonderful part of growth because of the assimilation of leaves and the reflux and accumulation of nutrients absorbed by the roots. at this time, if we do not pay attention to providing good conditions for plum blossoms, the plum blossoms will appear the symptom of insufficient nutrition. So how to protect the plum blossom after autumn?

Plum blossom

1. Strengthen the management of fertilizer and water. After entering autumn, organic fertilizer solution is applied to the basin soil every 7-10 days, mainly phosphate fertilizer. At the same time, 0.1% 0.2% potassium dichlorophosphate aqueous solution should be applied once or twice, and attention should be paid to cutting off the tender shoots that germinate in autumn. Because the tender shoots cannot mature to winter, nutrients are consumed in vain, so timely pruning can achieve the purpose of promoting buds.

2. The basin soil should not be too dry and too wet. After autumn, the potted plum blossom is gradually watered, and the potted plum blossom is very sensitive to water, and the pot soil is too wet, which can easily cause premature yellow leaves, fallen leaves, and even retting roots and die. The basin soil is too dry for a long time, and it is also easy to cause defoliation and affect the budding and flowering. Therefore, watering should be dry and wet, and if it is not dry, it will be watered thoroughly. After the autumn is cool, the amount of water should be gradually reduced to enrich the branches.

3. Trim and reshape properly. In order to make the potted plum blossom blossom more and more beautiful, it is necessary to take thinning and shaping. There are few flower buds growing from the tip of the side branches of potted plum, so they should be cut short properly, and all the sturdy, thin, slender, crossed, overlapping, dense and dead branches on the side branches should be cut off. in autumn, the short branches should be cut short by 10 cm, and the long branches should be cut short with 5-6 buds, so that the branches will be sparse, the branches will be graceful, and the flowering will be more and larger. After pruning and plastic surgery, the flowers will blossom in the following year.

Conservation of plum blossoms after autumn 1. Strengthen the management of fertilizer and water. After entering autumn, organic fertilizer solution is applied to the basin soil every 7-10 days, mainly phosphate fertilizer. At the same time, 0.1% 0.2% potassium dichlorophosphate aqueous solution should be applied once or twice, and attention should be paid to cutting off the tender shoots that germinate in autumn. Because the tender shoots cannot mature to winter, nutrients are consumed in vain, so timely pruning can achieve the purpose of promoting buds.

2. The basin soil should not be too dry and too wet. After autumn, the potted plum blossom is gradually watered, and the potted plum blossom is very sensitive to water, and the pot soil is too wet, which can easily cause premature yellow leaves, fallen leaves, and even retting roots and die. The basin soil is too dry for a long time, and it is also easy to cause defoliation and affect the budding and flowering. Therefore, watering should be dry and wet, and if it is not dry, it will be watered thoroughly. After the autumn is cool, the amount of water should be gradually reduced to enrich the branches.

3. Trim and reshape properly. In order to make the potted plum blossom blossom more and more beautiful, it is necessary to take thinning and shaping. There are few flower buds growing from the tip of the side branches of potted plum, so they should be cut short properly, and all the sturdy, thin, slender, crossed, overlapping, dense and dead branches on the side branches should be cut off. in autumn, the short branches should be cut short by 10 cm, and the long branches should be cut short with 5-6 buds, so that the branches will be sparse, the branches will be graceful, and the flowering will be more and larger. After pruning and plastic surgery, the flowers will blossom in the following year.

After entering autumn, potted plum blossom from early September to late November, with the assimilation of leaves and the reflux and accumulation of nutrients absorbed by roots, the most wonderful part of root growth appears. At this time, good conditions should be created for root growth and nutrition absorption. Such as often loosening the potted soil, avoiding the potted soil being too dry or too wet, and properly applying organic fertilizer, so as to facilitate the budding and flowering of potted plum blossoms.

After entering autumn, the diseases and insect pests of potted plum blossoms are relatively reduced. in order to reduce the stimulation of spraying pesticides on leaves, the concentration of spraying should be small, and the spraying times should not be too frequent, so that the phenomenon of falling leaves and buds can be avoided, and strong wind is also one of the factors causing falling leaves. In case of strong wind, you can take the end of the basin to shelter from the wind and the sun. Maintenance and Management of Plum Blossom Bonsai

Maintenance and Management of Plum Blossom Bonsai

Place: plum blossom should be placed in a sunny and well-ventilated place. Although the plum blossom is more hardy and can blossom in frost and snow, it still likes warmth and is suitable for the climate in the south. If it is cultivated in the cold areas of the north, it should be kept indoors in winter. Watering: usually to keep the basin soil moist, do not dry do not water, to prevent stagnant water in the basin. From the middle and last ten days of May to the first and middle of June, that is, during the period from flower bud germination to flower bud formation, it is necessary to carry out "buckling water" treatment, that is, let the basin soil dry until the old leaves are slightly curled, and then water again when the new shoots shrink, so as to destroy the growth point of the new shoots several times, so that the new shoots stop elongating, in order to increase the occurrence of flower buds, and then gradually return to normal watering. Fertilization: attention should be paid to the fertilization season. Generally, bone meal and bean cake can be placed at the bottom of the basin as base fertilizer. Cake fertilizer and water should be applied twice before flower bud formation in mid-May and late May, and 1-2 times in early August. It can be applied again in autumn. Pruning: to make the plum blossom bonsai not only simple and vigorous, but also strong, blossom many, pruning is very important. Because the flower buds of plum are formed on the new branches of the same year, the old flower branches should be truncated immediately after flowering each year, leaving only 2-3 buds, and pay attention to making the buds grow outward in order to make the flowers blossom in the following year. The pruning of plum blossoms can be divided into the following types:

1. Thinning branches: cut off all kinds of cross branches, parallel branches, overlapping branches, opposite branches, overgrown branches and overdense and thin branches that affect the appearance of the tree. To achieve the principle of "keep the old branches motionless, stay strong and remove the weak". 2. Truncation: that is, on the basis of thinning branches, the upper part of the annual branch after flowering is cut off. The degree of truncation should be determined according to the modeling needs and growth potential, those with good growth can be cut less, and those with poor growth can be cut more. According to the needs of modeling, sometimes a small number of long branches can be left. When cutting short, we should also choose the direction of the bud mouth according to the direction and angle of the branch, in order to achieve density. 3. Pick buds: that is, around April, when the leaf buds grow to about 3 cm, according to the location of the buds, density and the needs of the tree shape, pick some unwanted buds. For the buds on the old stem, pick as you go. 4. Pick the heart: that is, when the new shoot grows to a certain length in late June, the terminal bud will be removed to control the growth of the branch, and the general length should be 15-30 cm. For the plum blossom with poor germination, the heart can be picked in advance to promote its re-germination. When the plum blossom is too old, the tree often becomes weaker. In order to rejuvenate the declining plum tree, the following measures can be taken: ① cut off the side branches on the trunk in batches year by year, or cut the side branches year by year until they were removed from the base, so as to achieve the purpose of renewal. When ② renews thick branches, attention should be paid to the protection of wounds to prevent the invasion of diseases and insect pests. When the plum pot is cultivated in ③, it is best to choose the land with ventilation and light, rich and loose soil, and thinning the branches at the same time. Turn the basin: the plum blossom bonsai should be turned every 1-2 years, preferably after flowering in March, or from November to December in winter. When turning the basin, remove the old soil 1B3~1B2, cut off the dead roots, shorten the over-long old roots, and replace them with humus-rich rotten leaf soil or frozen loose pond soil, mixed with rice chaff ash and sandy soil. Pest control: the main diseases of plum blossom are anthracnose, powdery mildew, leaf shrinkage, bituminous coal disease and so on. The main pests are plum caterpillars, aphids, longicorn beetles, military insects, diamondback moths and so on. Diseases can be sprayed with 0.5% Bordeaux solution and pests can be sprayed with 1500 times of dichlorvos. If the dried plum found that longicorn beetle larvae were eaten into the tree trunk, 1 part of dichlorvos plus 0.5 part of light diesel oil, cotton ball dipped in the wormhole, and then sealed with wet mud. When using drugs to control insect pests, you should avoid using dimethoate, otherwise it will cause fallen leaves and even lead to death. (2) the ornamental plum blossom trees are elegant, dry and covered, sparse branches and oblique horizontal, vigorous and simple, the most beautiful. The best ornamental period is the flowering period, usually from February to March. If you want to blossom during the Spring Festival, you can put the plum blossom bonsai into a greenhouse of about 10 ℃ about 40 days before the Spring Festival, with plenty of sunshine and regular water spraying. Plum pile bonsai has the beauty of color, shape and charm, with good color, aroma and taste. Yang Wanli, a poet of the Southern Song Dynasty, wrote a poem chanting plum: "at the beginning, I also feel fragrant and broken nose, no fragrance nor taste, virtual condensation dusk flowers want to sleep, do not know to be intoxicated by flowers." This is a description of the delicate fragrance of plum blossoms.

Plum blossoms are not strict with the soil.

Generally neutral soil can grow, but potted plum blossom should choose loose and fertile nutrient soil because of limited potted soil. The nutritious soil was prepared with 4 parts of edible dregs, 4 parts of mixed fertilizer soil and 2 parts of coal ash soil to achieve the medium evenly, and the soil was changed once a year after flowering. After changing the basin, it was placed in a cool place for a week, and then transferred to normal maintenance.

Plum blossoms are sensitive to water.

If the potted soil is too wet for a long time, it is easy to cause rotten roots, so it is necessary to control watering. When the new branches grow to 20 cm, we should pay attention to control watering, control the excessive elongation of new shoots and promote flower bud differentiation. However, it is necessary to water once a day in summer, watering the soil in autumn to keep the soil moist, and less watering in winter to make the soil dry.

Plum blossoms don't like big fat.

Plum blossom should have enough fertilizer and water when sprouting branches and leaves, and apply organic liquid fertilizer once or twice a month. When the new tip grows to 5 cm, a thin fertilizer should be applied to promote the growth of branches. In late summer and early autumn, it is necessary to apply rotten cake fertilizer and water, increase phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, and promote the formation of flower buds. After flower bud differentiation, spraying 1 to 2 potassium dihydrogen phosphate is beneficial to the growth of plum blossoms.

Pruning and shaping of plum blossoms

The pruning and shaping of plum blossoms is a technical job. Pruning starts from the seedlings, when the seedlings grow to 20-25 cm long, cut off the top, leave 3-5 branches as the main branches after sprouting, and coring when the main branches grow to 10-15 cm, in order to promote the stout of branches and the formation of flower buds. After pruning, when the flower withered, 2-3 buds were cut short from the base, and when the new branch grew to 5-6 leaves, only 3-4 leaves were left to promote the growth of more flower branches. Since then, it has been repeatedly pruned every year to enrich the branches and increase the number of buds.

Pest control of plum blossom

Be sure to keep it ventilated and transparent. Plum blossom disease mainly comes from anthracnose and spot blight, which usually occurs from late April to early May and is controlled by exchange spraying with 50% carbendazim or 70% topiramate. The harm of aphids is more every year, and the effect is obvious when the washing powder is sprayed with 500 times solution. But plum blossoms are sensitive to pesticides such as dimethoate and dichlorvos, so don't use them.

Plum blossoms blossom during the Spring Festival

Anyone who grows plum blossoms wants her to open during the Spring Festival, so it is necessary to master the art of promoting flowers.

First of all, it is necessary to calculate the date of promoting flowering. About 20 days before the Spring Festival, the potted plum blossoms should be moved into the greenhouse and should be maintained in a sunny place, and the indoor temperature should be controlled at 10 to 15 degrees. At the same time, every day to spray water to the flower branches and around, keep watering not too much, not conducive to the growth of plum blossoms, easy to cause rotten roots and buds, such as insufficient watering, will make the buds dry.

Secondly, it is necessary to grasp the temperature and flowering time. In the week before the Spring Festival, if the buds are still small, move the flowerpot to a medium temperature of 15 to 25 degrees to manage. If you blossom ahead of time before the Spring Festival, the temperature around the potted flowers will be reduced by about 10 degrees, and there will be little sunlight to control moisture.

Also, moderate fertilization should be applied. In order to make plum blossoms bright and fragrant, appropriate fertilization should be applied. Thin organic liquid fertilizer is usually applied every 7 to 10 days, while potassium dihydrogen phosphate and plant oxytocin are sprayed on the buds every 7 days.

How to control aphids

Aphids, also known as greasy insects and honey insects, are the most common enemies in flower cultivation. More than 2000 species of aphids have been listed as worldwide pests with strong fecundity. One adult aphid can produce 70 small aphids, which can reproduce more than ten or even dozens of generations a year.

The common aphids are cotton aphid, peach aphid, peach powder aphid, rose aphid, locust aphid, pine aphid, willow aphid, chrysanthemum aphid and so on.

The flowers killed were hibiscus, Fusang, pomegranate, bauhinia, chrysanthemum, hollyhock, orchid, plum blossom, loquat, green peach, night incense, coral bean, rose, pansy, tulip, hundred-day grass, goldfish grass, dahlia, melon and leaf chrysanthemum, carnation, morning glory, begonia, oleander, cherry, elm plum, pedicel begonia, cyclamen, hyacinth, arrow lotus, and so on.

A wingless peach aphid adult sucks 79 times its body weight in 24 hours; its excreta honeydew, transparent and viscous, blocks the physiological activities of flowers, and is a good medium for bacteria, easy to induce soot disease; at the same time, aphids are also important media for virus transmission. Clusters hurt tender leaves, tender points, buds and other parts, sucking juice, resulting in abnormal development of flowers, irregular wrinkling, curling, shedding, bud deformation, flower reduction or smaller, and even the whole plant withered and died.

In the prevention and control of aphids, various means should be used to stop their harmful activities, mainly in the following points:

First, to eliminate aphids, starting from the overwintering period of flowers, we can get twice the result with half the effort. For example, if we rely solely on the spring and autumn where the aphid damage is most serious, the control effect is not significant.

Second, the newly introduced flower species and seedlings should be strictly checked to prevent the invasion of new pests from other places, and the soil and old flowerpots should be disinfected to kill the residual eggs.

Third, combined with pruning, the residual flowers and withered branches and leaves that are inhabited by aphids or latent eggs will be completely removed and burned.

Fourth, different varieties of flowers have different insect resistance. Disease-resistant varieties should be selected, which can not only reduce the harm of aphids but also save drug costs.

5. When a small number of aphids are found, you can brush them with a brush dipped in water, or put the potted flowers under tap water to rotate and rinse, which can not only kill the aphids, but also wash the leaves, improve the ornamental value and promote foliar respiration; if possible, natural enemies such as ladybugs and lacewings can also be used to control them.

6. when a large number of aphids are found, they should be isolated in time, and drugs or local methods should be selected immediately to eliminate insect pests. The specific measures are as follows:

1. Prepare tobacco water with the proportion of 1:15, soak for 4 hours and then spray.

2. Spray the solution of detergent, urea and water with the proportion of 1 / 4 / 4 / 400.

3. Spray with 1000 times of omethoate emulsion or 1000 to 1500 times of Mala sulfur emulsion or 1000 times of dichlorvos EC.

4. For aphids covered with wax powder, such as peach powder aphid, 1 ‰ neutral soapy water or washing powder should be added when any pesticide is applied.