What is a flat cattail? How to pick the heart and prune the bottle gourd

Flat cattail is also called bottle gourd. Flat cattail is a very popular vegetable. Do you know how it is grown? Do you want to know about it?

1. Cultivation season: although the flat cattail can be cultivated all the year round in Taiwan, it is more suitable to be planted in March to April in the north and from December to January in the south, so the temperature rises gradually, the plant development and reproduction is better than that planted in autumn, and the yield is also higher.

two。 Seedling raising: the seed shell of flat cattail is thick and light, and it is not easy to absorb water, so it is appropriate to soak the seeds first to promote germination. The seeds were soaked for 48 hours, then mixed with the medium, wrapped with a wet towel and placed under 25 ~ 30 ℃. After 2 ~ 3 days, the buds protruded the seed shell, and then sowed into the seedling tray to raise seedlings. The suitable sowing depth is that the medium can cover the seeds, and when the 3 ~ 4 leaves of the seedlings unfold, they can be planted in the field.

3. The cultivation methods of flat cattail include creeping cultivation, horizontal scaffolding cultivation, single net vertical scaffolding cultivation and net room horizontal scaffolding cultivation. The row-plant spacing varies according to different cultivation methods. The row-plant spacing is 5.4 ~ 6 × 1.5 ~ 2m in one-way cultivation, while the row-plant spacing in horizontal scaffolding cultivation is 4.8 ~ 5.4 × 1.2 ~ 1.8m. The scaffolding can be erected by using balsam pear or towel gourd scaffolding.

4. Heart-picking and pruning: in order to make female flowers occur earlier, heart-picking should be carried out. The flowering and fruiting habits of Prunus mandshurica are mainly female flowers on the vine (more than 30 nodes are occasionally found), and there are many female flowers on the vine. The main results are in the 1st ~ 3rd nodes of Sun Meng and the 1st ~ 2nd nodes of Zeng Sun Meng. Therefore, in cultivation, the mother vine has 6 ~ 7 leaves, which promotes several daughter vines, when the daughter vine has 5 ~ 6 leaves, the second heart is removed, the sun vine leaves 3 ~ 4 leaves from the fruit place, and the great-grandson vine leaves 2 leaves from the fruit place to pick the heart again, usually one fruit per vine is better. Scaffolding cultivation in the mother vine traction on the shelf, with the same method to pick the heart.

5. Fertilization, irrigation and drainage: flat cattail has strong fertilizer absorption and tolerance. Before planting, 2500 kg per cent of land is applied as base fertilizer, while 25 kg of sulfuric acid, 30 kg of superphosphate and 20 kg of potassium chloride are fully mixed as topdressing. The first topdressing was applied to the plant 8 ~ 10 days after planting, the full amount of 1x5 was applied to the plant, the second was applied after picking the heart, the third was applied at 2 / 5 of the total amount at the fruit growing stage, and the other 1 was applied at the harvest period. at the same time, it was applied on the border surface according to the growth situation. In terms of irrigation and drainage, flat cattail has drought and moisture tolerance, but in order to obtain high yield and high quality pumpkin, we should still pay attention to irrigation and drainage in the field so as not to make the soil too dry or too wet.

6. Pest control: the common diseases of flat cattail are exposure fungus, powdery mildew, anthrax, toxin, etc., and pests include aphids, fruit flies, melon borer, thrips, etc., please refer to the plant protection manual.

7. Harvest: as a fresh edible tender fruit, the long flat tender fruit is about 22 cm long, about 7 cm thick and weighs about 600 g. The fruiting pedicel is reduced by 1 ~ 2 cm. If the harvest is too late, not only the meat will become coarse and loose, the seeds will become coarse and hard, the quality will be poor, and the plant nutrients will be consumed in vain, affecting the plant growth potential.