Asexual Seedling technique of Japanese Begonia

What are the main points of asexual breeding of Japanese crabapple? Japanese begonia can also be called Japanese crabapple, flowering in March-April, the flower color is bright red and pink, and it bears yellow spherical fruit after flowering, which can be planted in the courtyard, roadside, sloping land, or as a potted plant placed on the balcony and watched indoors. Next, the editor will briefly talk about the asexual seedling technology of Japanese crabapple.

1 hard branch splicing

1.1 preparation of rootstocks

Selection of rootstock: the seedlings of Dendrolimus angustifolia 1~2cm

Rootstock treatment: before the trees were frozen after falling leaves in autumn, the seedlings were pseudo-planted in the cellar according to the ground diameter and height, and regularly sprayed water to maintain a moderate level of more than 60%, in preparation for the spring grafting of the following year.

1.2 ear strips collection

Collecting scions should be combined with winter pruning. In February and March of the second year, the branches of Japanese crabapple, which are robust and disease-free, are selected. The weak parts of the branches are cut off and bundled into a bundle every 50 into the cellar. The base of the branch is buried in the disinfected wet sand, while maintaining a certain degree of humidity.

1.3 Hardbranch splicing

Hard branch split grafting: take out the mountain stator seedlings planted in the first year, cut off the parts below the 5cm of the stem base, wait for the grafting site to be cut, and then use the splitter to cut one knife in the center of the rootstock. At the same time, the branches selected as scions are cut into the stem segments of 8~10cm, leaving 2 or 3 full buds as scions. At the lower end of the scion, the two symmetrical slopes are wedge-shaped, and the cutting surface of the scion is required to be straight and smooth, and the rough cutting surface is not easy to combine closely. When cutting the scion, hold the scion with the left hand, push the knife obliquely into the scion with the right hand, push the knife evenly, and keep the direction of the knife consistent with the direction of the knife.

Joining and binding: use the wedge of the split knife to pry open the rootstock split and gently insert the scion into the rootstock. When inserting, you should pay attention to align the rootstock cambium and scion formation layer, do not insert all the cutting surface, expose the cutting surface of about 0.5 cm, and finally tie it tightly with 1.5cm wide elastic plastic strip, tightly bind the interface with 1.5cm wide elastic plastic strip, and then cover it with a medium-sized transparent plastic bag. It is easy to maintain temperature and humidity and improve its survival rate, one ear per rootstock.

1.4 Management after grafting

1.4.1 transplanting

The grafted seedlings were planted in plastic bags as well as possible, and the buds began to sprout after 10 days of grafting.

1.4.2 shearing anvil and budding

When the buds on the scion germinated to 2 ~ 3 cm, a small hole was torn in the plastic bag and completely torn 3 days later. Cut the entangled plastic strip when the new tip of the scion grows to 25: 30 cm.

1.4.3 weeding and tillering

Sprouting begins to occur on the rootstock after more than ten days of grafting, which needs to be removed in time to reduce the competition for nutrients with the scion, and it is best to wipe the bud and remove tillers from the base of sprouting or sprouting.

1.4.4 timely fertilization

Fertilization was applied when new shoots germinated to 10cm, once every 8-10 days in spring, the ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium was 6 ∶ 2 ∶ 3, and the fertilization was stopped in July.

1.4.5 Control of diseases and insect pests

Three types of fungicides were sprayed alternately every 7-10 days after grafting, and fungicides and insecticides were sprayed every 10-15 days after spraying foliar fertilizer. The main diseases and insect pests are: begonia rust, Botrytis cinerea; leaf roll moth, red spider.

2 budding

The stator seedlings sown last year or transplanted in April of the next year were grafted or replenished by'T 'bud grafting from the end of July to the beginning of August; the full buds of the branches of the current year were selected, and the T-shaped opening was cut at the west side of the rootstock 5~10cm from the surface, the depth was to see that the xylem could peel off the bark, and then carefully peeled off the bark of the rootstock with the tip of the knife, tied it with a wide 1cm plastic belt, and the bandaging width was suitable to exceed the upper and lower 1~1.5cm of the incision.

2.1 subsequent maintenance and management

Check the survival after 7-10 days of grafting, and at the same time do a good job in the management of topdressing, pest control and sprouting, which is the same as that of branch grafting.

After the seedlings that were budded in autumn survived, cut off the top of the rootstock at the 1cm above the buds in the spring of the following year.

2.2 Winter irrigation

At the end of October, the grafted seedlings were irrigated in winter to preserve soil moisture.