A preliminary study on the effects of different cultivation methods on the yield and benefit of Rhizoma Curcumae

A preliminary study on the effects of different cultivation methods on the yield and benefit of Rhizoma Curcumae

Wenli Town, Lingshan County, Guangxi, which is located in the south subtropics, has certain advantages in light, temperature, hydrology and other conditions. as a traditional Chinese medicine with a long medicinal history, zedoary turmeric has a very high requirement on the growth environment. The ecological environment of Wenli Town, Lingshan County, Guangxi is suitable for planting zedoary, and it is also a rich industry in the local rural economic development, but there are some differences in the high-yield cultivation techniques of zedoary. It will also have different effects on the yield and benefit of zedoary turmeric.

1 materials and methods

1.1 Experimental site

The local varieties of zedoary turmeric planted in Wenli Town, Lingshan County, Guangxi belong to the leading varieties in Guangxi. Zedoary turmeric is planted in Gongfu Village, Litou Village, Simian Village and Mada Village under the jurisdiction of Wenli Town, with a total planting area of about 80 hm2. The average yield of zedoary turmeric is 2250 kg per 667m2, and the highest planting yield can reach 5000 kg. The local planting soil in Wenli Town, Lingshan County, Guangxi is a red loam soil developed from the parent material of sand shale, and the tillage layer is 25 cm, sand texture. The experimental site was selected in Mianmian Village, the plot planted was flat, the soil fertility was in the upper and middle level, and zedoary turmeric had not been planted before the experiment.

1.2 Experimental design

In the cultivation methods of Rhizoma Curcumae, the local farmers have been planting in the open field for a long time, and the cultivation methods and management techniques are relatively backward, and the yield and benefit of Rhizoma Curcumae are also relatively low. In the exploration of high-yield cultivation techniques of Rhizoma Curcumae, plastic film mulching is combined with the field scientific management technology of Rhizoma Curcumae, which is an important content in the current research of planting technology of Rhizoma Curcumae. In this study on the effects of different cultivation methods on the yield and benefit of Rhizoma Curcumae, the experiment was designed to compare three different cultivation methods: plastic film mulching cultivation, plastic film mulching plus sunshade net cultivation and traditional open field cultivation. The experimental materials include Luxi potassium sulfate compound fertilizer and 0.08 mm black plastic film. Field management pesticides use Aifeng produced by Guoguang Company and Liufuding of Desi Yangnong.

1.3 cultivation methods

It was designed that plastic film mulching cultivation was A, plastic film mulching plus sunshade net cultivation was B, and open field cultivation was Cpene 3 repeats. Rhizoma Curcumae was planted from February to April. The row distance of Rhizoma Curcumae was 30 cm × 40 cm. In each experimental area, 1 250 points of Rhizoma Curcumae were planted, and the depth of each hole was 8: 10 cm. After planting, the hole was filled with soil cover. Plastic film mulching and shading net were set up, and potassium sulfate compound fertilizer was applied in the field during cultivation, and Aifeng was sprayed at the initial stage of zedoary turmeric and Scutellaria baicalensis, and seedlings were pressed to promote the expansion of zedoary. Other field management measures were carried out in accordance with the routine process. Zedoary turmeric was planted at the end of the trial in November, collected and weighed, and sampled and compared.

2 results and analysis

2.1 effects of different cultivation methods on yield components of Rhizoma Curcumae

It can be seen from the data in Table 1 that there are significant differences in the effects of different cultivation techniques on the yield components of Rhizoma Curcumae, among which the cultivation method of plastic film mulching is the best. The number of cocos per plant of plastic film mulching is 5.5 more than that of open field cultivation, the increase is 22.27%, and the difference is significant. Compared with plastic film mulching and sunshade net cultivation, the difference is not significant. There was a significant difference between plastic film mulching cultivation and sunshade net cultivation and open field cultivation. In the comparison of fresh weight per plant of zedoary turmeric, plastic film mulching cultivation increased by 0.272 kg, with an increase of 33.46%, and plastic film mulching cultivation increased by 0.018 kg compared with plastic film mulching and sunshade net cultivation, an increase of 1.69%. In the comparison of theoretical fresh yield, plastic film mulching cultivation was the highest, which increased by 22 838.5 kg ·hm-2 and 39.02% compared with open field cultivation, and increased by 1 349.1 kg ·hm-2 compared with plastic film mulching plus sunshade net cultivation, with no significant difference. Plastic film mulching plus sunshade net cultivation increased 21 489.4 kg ·hm-2, 36.71%, with significant difference. Therefore, plastic film mulching has the most significant effect on the yield components of zedoary among the three different cultivation methods, the cultivation of plastic film mulching and sunshade net is relatively weak, and the effect of open field cultivation is the worst.

2.2 effects of different cultivation methods on the yield of Rhizoma Curcumae

According to the comparison of the data in Table 2, among the effects of different cultivation methods on the yield of Rhizoma Curcumae, the effect of plastic film mulching was the greatest, and that of open field cultivation was the least. The yield of plastic film mulching cultivation was 237.0 kg higher than that of open field cultivation, with an increase of 23.37%. There was a significant difference, but there was no significant difference compared with plastic film mulching plus sunshade net cultivation.

Table 1 effects of different cultivation methods on yield components of Rhizoma Curcumae

Table 2 effects of different cultivation methods on the yield of zedoary turmeric

Table 3 effects of different cultivation methods on economic benefits of zedoary turmeric

2.3 effects of different cultivation methods on economic benefits of zedoary turmeric

In the comparison of the effects of different cultivation methods on the economic benefits of zedoary turmeric, the economic benefit of plastic film mulching cultivation was the highest, which increased by 22 909.1 yuan / hm2 and 16 085.2 yuan / hm2, respectively, compared with open field cultivation and plastic film mulching plus sunshade net cultivation. Although at the technical level, the technical content of plastic film mulching plus sunshade net cultivation is higher than that of simple plastic film mulching cultivation, it does not receive higher economic benefits. Among the three cultivation methods, the economic benefit of plastic film mulching cultivation is better.

3 conclusion

According to the comparative analysis of the above data, there are certain differences in the effects of different cultivation methods on the yield and benefit of Rhizoma Curcumae. In the comparison of the yield components, yield and economic benefits of Rhizoma Curcumae, the cultivation effect of plastic film mulching is the best, followed by plastic film mulching and sunshade net cultivation, and the open field cultivation is the worst and the economic benefit is the lowest. The local traditional cultivation methods of Rhizoma Curcumae are easy to cause soil consolidation, increase the difficulty of harvest of Rhizoma Curcumae, and time-consuming and labor-consuming, which will also cause some harm to Xianling, and cause great restrictions on the development of local industrialization of Rhizoma Curcumae. The new type of plastic film mulching cultivation can effectively protect against cold, rain and sun, effectively prevent the growth of weeds, combine with fertilization and pesticide spraying in field management, and achieve the planting effect of loose soil quality and balanced water content. Thus, it can effectively achieve the effect of high quality and high yield of zedoary, which lays a foundation for the further popularization and application of high-yield cultivation techniques of zedoary.