Selection of Scion of Fruit Tree and Wax-sealing Technique

Selection of Scion of Fruit Tree and Wax-sealing Technique

Scion selection. The grafted varieties must be excellent, of high economic value, and adapted to the local climate. The scion must be collected from a good seed tree. Excellent seed mother trees refer to mother trees with pure varieties, suitable for local climatic conditions, strong growth, high and stable yield and excellent quality after many years of investigation and observation. Do not use weak fruit tree plants, young trees or root-neck branches as scions. 3. Select the annual branch with full growth, thick and full buds as scion, and do not use the branch with excessive long branches and poor growth as scion. Because the buds of the full-grown annual branches are plump, the survival rate of grafting as scions is high, the growth of new shoots after survival is large, and the lignification degree of branches after autumn is high. 4. Scions cannot carry diseases and insect pests. In order to avoid the spread of diseases and insect pests, scions must not carry diseases and insect pests, especially virus diseases, to avoid grafting transmission. Generally, it is best to select the south branch of the crown as scion, because the south branch of the crown has sufficient nutrition and good development, and the grafting survival rate is high, and the grafting survival rate of the north branch is slightly worse.

wax seal of scion. Wax sealing scion is a moisture preservation measure used in branch grafting, without other heat preservation measures, the survival rate can be greatly improved, and this method is simple, easy to operate, labor-saving and economical. The concrete operation method is as follows: firstly, paraffin is heated and melted, a container containing paraffin is placed in a large metal container containing water and heated by water, when the temperature of wax liquid reaches 90 - 100 DEG C, scions are sealed, scions are cut into required lengths, one end of one or several scions is pinched by hands, one end is quickly dipped in wax liquid, excess wax liquid is quickly taken out and thrown away, and the other end is sealed by the same method. If grafting immediately after sealing, only the upper end of the scion can be sealed, and the lower 3~ 4 cm is not sealed. Paraffin temperature should generally be maintained at 90~100℃, temperature is too high, easy to burn scion, affect survival; temperature is too low, wax layer is too thick, brittle but not hard. The wax preparation method comprises the following steps of: 1 part of rosin, 2 parts of yellow wax (beeswax) and 1 part of animal and vegetable oil, wherein the animal and vegetable oil is put into a pot to melt, and then the rosin and the yellow wax are put into the pot together and evenly stirred. Wax needs to be heated and melted when used after preparation.