Survival technique of full crown transplantation of seedlings

Survival Technique of Seedling Full Crown Transplantation

1 Choose the best transplanting time

Generally in early spring, sap begins to flow and germinate, grow, dig damaged roots easy to heal and regenerate, after early spring to late autumn normal growth, trees injured parts have recovered, and can safely winter. If seedlings are transplanted in autumn and winter, soil protection and cold protection measures should be taken in the north.

2 Digging and planting

After the seedlings are dug up, they need to be well cared for during transportation and try to shorten the storage time of seedlings. Under normal circumstances, seedlings from the original place and transplant closer to the distance, do with the planting. If the seedlings are transported from other places, the transplanting time shall not exceed 1 day. If the distance is long, and the transplanted tree species belong to evergreen or precious tree species, the seedlings need to be nursed during transportation. Measures such as spraying antitranspirant, root soil ball, branches and leaves for heat preservation or shading can be taken to reduce the consumption of organic matter in the tree body and ensure the normal regeneration of root hair. On the contrary, transplanted seedlings placed too long, tree branches or roots will shrink due to wilting and affect the survival of seedlings. Therefore, in order to prevent the damage of seedling plant organs, in addition to strengthening the nursing during transportation, it is suggested that the principle of proper seedling selection should be adopted to better ensure the survival of full-crown transplanted seedlings.

3 Watering, earthen weir

After planting seedlings, water should be poured 3 times, and the first time water should be poured within 24 hours after planting. The water should be poured thoroughly, so that the soil can fully absorb water and combine closely with the roots to facilitate root development. If there is collapse, it is necessary to backfill soil and mud cracks; water twice after 2~3 days, and water three times after 1 week. Evergreen plants need to spray water on leaf surfaces every day to greatly improve the survival rate of seedlings after full crown transplantation.

4 pruning

When pruning, it is necessary to meet the quality requirements of engineering planting, and adopt thinning or short shearing methods to meet the quality requirements of greening engineering. The trunk and main branch of the seedling transplanted with full crown have already been formed, so it is only necessary to prune the seedling orderly, ensure the branch direction of the seedling and control the tree potential, reserve the crown width and branch skeleton branch of the seedling to the maximum extent, promote the plant to recover and grow in a short time, form a beautiful tree body, and thus achieve the overdue greening landscape effect.

When planting, first cut off the weak, excessive, dry branches and pest branches growing in the crown; then thinning one branch and one cross branch of the plant. In order to make the plant crown width reach ventilation and light transmission, it is necessary to select and prune parallel branches, overlapping branches, opposite branches, upright branches, drooping branches, excessive branches, etc. in the plant crown width; if blind pruning or non-standard pruning is carried out, the crown width will be partial or blank, affecting the plant tree landscape.

5 Fertilization

Nursery seedlings need to supplement nutrients after full crown transplantation, and nutrients can be supplemented by root fertilization. The method comprises the following steps of: mixing backfill soil and organic fertilizer, wherein the mixing ratio is determined according to the conditions of the trees themselves; after watering for the first time, applying organic fertilizer in the tree holes, wherein the fertilizer amount is determined according to the conditions of the trees themselves, and excessive fertilizer and insufficient fertilizer are not allowed to meet the nutrient requirements of the trees.

6 Root protection

Bare root seedlings excavation, all the reserved roots should be cut off, encountered thick roots should be hand-sawed, shear smooth not split, can take old soil. Excavation with soil ball, generally speaking, the size of soil ball is generally 7~10 times of seedling diameter, height is about 2/3 of the diameter of soil ball, the soil ball is bandaged, so as to prevent the soil around the root from scattering and damaging the root hair; the taproot should be removed in the root hair area to ensure that the root cap, meristem area and elongation area are intact; after the seedling is unearthed, the wound healing agent should be applied to the bare root to prevent the root from rotting due to bacterial infection and affect the survival of the seedling.

7 Use antitranspirants to reduce tree metabolism

After transplanting, transportation, storage and transplanting, seedlings should be shaded to reduce photosynthetic rate and reduce nutrient consumption of trees; moderate thinning of leaves on crown to reduce leaf transpiration; spraying antitranspirant on leaf surface to inhibit leaf transpiration; wrapping trunk with straw rope to reduce trunk transpiration.

8 tree holes, backfill and earth weirs

The specification of planting hole shall be determined according to the size of root system and soil ball. The diameter of tree hole shall be the same from top to bottom. The diameter of root system or soil ball shall be increased by 60~80cm, the depth shall be deepened by 20~30cm, and the mound of 10~20cm shall be placed at the bottom of the pit. The planting depth shall be generally equal to or 5cm deep from the original soil mark; the ornamental surface shall be selected, and the trunk curve shall be adjusted to the best state as far as possible. The trees shall be planted properly during planting. Bare-rooted trees planted roots must be stretched, not nest roots, cut off split roots, cut smooth, conditional can be applied to rooting agent. When filling to pit 1/2, the seedlings gently lift a few times, then fill, compaction. When planting trees with soil balls, the soil balls should be placed steadily, and then the packaging should be removed. If the soil balls are loose, the following parts of the waist rope can not be removed, and the above parts should be removed. When planting, backfill soil needs to do "three steps": step 1, the planting depth is generally flat or deep with the original soil mark, the filling is 1/3 of the tree pit, and the appropriate compaction is performed after filling; step 2, the filling is 2/3 of the tree pit, and the appropriate compaction is performed after filling; step 3, the tree pit is completely filled with filling, and the appropriate compaction is performed, and the earth weir is surrounded.

9 Post Management

After the early planting of seedlings is completed, the later maintenance starts from irrigation, loosening and weeding, fertilization, diseases and insect pests, pruning and other management links to meet the needs of seedling growth conditions, and emergency measures can be taken in time. Conventional management methods such as trunk healing, tree hole repair, whitening, shading, stem winding, rootstock piling, etc., or special methods such as tree body injection nutrient solution and root spraying hormone can be adopted to further improve the survival rate of seedlings.