What problems should be paid attention to in the introduction of flowers and trees?

It is a routine work to introduce new varieties of flowers and trees to beautify the environment and enrich the landscape. However, in some places, due to the lack of knowledge of seedling introduction, resulting in failure, and some even caused economic losses. Therefore, some basic knowledge should be mastered in the process of introduction of flowers and trees.

First, we should pay attention to the differences in physical and geographical conditions. Any plant survives and develops under certain natural conditions. Different natural and geographical conditions lead to different plant resources. Before introducing flower and tree varieties, we should first understand and analyze the local physical and geographical conditions and how much they are the same or similar to those of the original places of the plant varieties to be introduced. If there is a gap, can measures be taken to make up for it? For example, flowers and trees such as hanging Admiralty, dragon spitting beads and flower baskets are used to the cool and humid environment of spring all year round in subtropical gardens, and when they move to the temperate plain with four distinct seasons, they can spend the winter under the condition of greenhouse equipment. but to the hot and hot summer, but can not resist the attack of the south wind, growth stagnation, not only good flowers can not often bloom, and there will be summer sleep. If there are many similarities and there are ways to make up the gap, there is a great possibility of successful introduction, otherwise it will be difficult to succeed. For example, cacti native to tropical and subtropical deserts in dry and light rain areas can endure dry seasons for several months, but when introduced to rainy areas, it is a dead end, ranging from yellow toenails to rotten roots. Aquatic flowers that grow in a wet environment are inseparable from water and dampness, such as bowl lotus growing in water, with mud at the bottom and water on the top; floating water flowers, such as water flowers, cannot survive without water; cattails, asparagus flowers, butterflies, etc. although they can be amphibious, they must have a high humid environment, otherwise they will grow poorly; wet flowers such as safflower, calla lilies, and green pineapple can only be beautiful and colorful in a wet environment.

Second, we should pay attention to the biological characteristics of plants. Each plant has its own biological characteristics. Their growth and development have a certain rhythm, which is a response to various meteorological factors. There are many plant species, long-term survival and growth in an area, the local natural conditions will be assimilated by it, over time to form its heredity, this heredity is relatively conservative. If the basic conditions of these climatic factors are not basically met after introduction, they will often fail. For example, the southern introduction of annual flowers in the north is easy to succeed, such as emerald chrysanthemum and carnation, while some biennial flowers require low temperature vernalization, and most of them are not heat-resistant, especially at the seedling stage, so it is difficult to succeed. If you really need introduction, you should introduce seedlings from the north, such as melon and leaf chrysanthemum, calendula and so on. These flowers can only be introduced from the north when planted in the tropics. For example, the sunshine time in the north is longer in summer than in the south, and shorter in winter. When introducing northern flowers to the south, attention should be paid to those flowers that are sensitive to photoperiod. Some are difficult to succeed, although some can blossom, but the florescence has a greater change than the origin, if you want to maintain the original florescence, it is necessary to adjust the florescence. For example, the conventional cultivation of chrysanthemum can blossom during the National Day in North China, but it will not bloom until late October and early November in the Yangtze River basin.

Third, we should pay attention to the suitable soil conditions of introduced plants. The suitable growth condition of soil mainly refers to soil pH (PH value). Some plants, such as crape myrtle and maple, can grow well in all kinds of soil, and Tamarix, Chongyang wood, Coptis chinensis, Chrysanthemum morifolium, Forsythia suspensa can adapt to alkaline soil. On the other hand, flowers and trees such as Michelia, Milan, and gardenia, which are used to growing in the acid soil of the south, even if they "give away" the acid basin soil of the south, physiologically alkaline yellow leaves will appear soon after they arrive in the saline-alkali areas of the north, and even die when the alkali damage is serious. Lauraceae, Azaleaceae and bamboo and cypress are better adapted to grow in acidic soil and are good evergreen species in the south. Yellowing often occurs after introduction to the north, mainly due to soil alkaline discomfort.

Fourth, we should pay attention to the combination of exercise and protection. The introduction of flowers and trees has a process of localization. Generally speaking, the introduced seedlings should be introduced in the local area for at least 3 years. Therefore, in the introduction, we should not only examine its stress resistance and ornamental, but also observe whether its phenological phase is consistent with the introduction site. Introduced plants are always more or less unsuitable in the process of planting, especially over summer and winter. When introduced from north to south, the high temperature and high humidity in summer often exceed the original limit, while from south to north, the low temperature and drought in winter are also above the genetic limit. In order to promote its gradual adaptation, measures such as shading, spraying water, burying soil and setting up wind barriers can be taken at the beginning of seedling breeding, so as to reduce the damage of high and low temperature to seedlings, so that they can reach the basic survival conditions and be gradually assimilated. When the seedlings grow up, the root system is strong, the branches are also strong, the ability to resist adverse environmental factors will be gradually enhanced, slowly will get used to the local growth conditions, and the probability of successful introduction will be greatly improved.