Key techniques of Tomato cultivation in Solar greenhouse

Key techniques of Tomato cultivation in Solar greenhouse

1 Variety selection

The middle and late maturing varieties with good resistance to low temperature, weak light, disease resistance, fruit type and color should be selected. the main cultivated varieties are Baoguan, Jinpeng 1, Jinpeng 5, virgin cherry tomato and so on.

(2) cultivate strong seedlings

Generally sowing in mid-August to early September, too late or too early will be affected by the impact of early spring stubble or autumn delayed stubble and affect the price. The seeds were soaked for 3 ~ 4 hours, disinfected with 1% potassium permanganate for 10 ~ 15 min, rinsed with clean water and then germinated. Most of the seeds were seeded on the seedling bed and covered with bed soil 1 cm thick after sowing. Strengthen the light during the seedling breeding period, avoid direct light, and shade when the temperature exceeds 30 ℃. The seedlings can be planted with 4 ~ 6 true leaves.

(3) suitable time for colonization

The root system of tomato is well developed. Tomato should be deeply ploughed for 20 ~ 25 cm, ditched and planted with organic fertilizer 5000 ~ 6000 kg,9 per mu, small row spacing 60 cm, large row spacing 80 cm, plant spacing 30 ~ 35 cm, planting 3000 ~ 3500 plants per mu, ridging, film mulching and watering once under plastic film.

4 field management

4.1 temperature management. The temperature was regulated by uncovering the agricultural film and mulch, adjusting the size of the vent and the length of ventilation time. The daytime temperature is about 25 ℃, and the night temperature is above 10 ℃, and the suitable temperature is 14 ℃ ~ 17 ℃. When the lowest temperature in the greenhouse is more than 15 ℃, all the greenhouse vents are opened to increase the light.

4.2 Fertilizer and Water Management

4.2.1 Irrigation, ploughing and squatting seedlings. The tomato seedlings were watered slowly after slow seedling, and ploughed in time after 3 ~ 4 days, and the middle and late maturing varieties were squatted after slow seedling ploughing, watering and promoting fruit immediately after squatting seedling, and applying compound fertilizer with water flushing.

4.2.2 topdressing. Generally, starting from slow seedling, urea and nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer are mainly used, combined with foliar spraying fertilizer, fertilizer is applied for 4 times, and 10 kg; per mu is applied after the first ear fruit is expanded. When the first ear fruit is about to be harvested, 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate or 0.2% urea is sprayed on the leaf at the full fruit stage of 10 ~ 15 kg; per mu.

4.3 protect flowers and fruits. ① should strengthen cultivation management: cultivating strong seedlings, applying sufficient base fertilizer, squatting seedlings properly, reasonable topdressing and watering, actively controlling diseases and insect pests, etc., which are helpful to reduce flower and fruit drop. ② was properly treated with plant growth regulator Fangluisu and 2,4-D, sprayed with Fangluisu, and the fruit stalk was coated with 2,4-D 15 ~ 20 mg/L with a concentration of 25 ~ 40 mg/L;.

4.4 Plant adjustment. The stem of tomato is semi-lignified and semi-trailing, and its supporting force is weak. when the plant grows to 30 cm, bamboo pole or rope is inserted at 15 cm from the root to support the plant, and the vine is tied up many times with the plant growth. Double trunk pruning was adopted. In addition to the trunk, the lateral branches below the first ear were selected as fruiting branches, growing in line with the trunk, leaving 3 ~ 4 spikes each, removing the lateral branches in time, and removing the lower old leaves and diseased leaves in time in the later stage to facilitate ventilation and light.

(5) Disease and pest control

5.1 virus disease. Spray 20% virus A wettable powder 500 times, or potassium permanganate 800 times, once every 8 to 10 days, 3 times for 4 times.

5.2 spot blight. Use 75% chlorothalonil wettable powder 600 times, or 70% methyl thiophanate wettable powder 1000 times alternately, spray once every 7-10 days, 2-3 times continuously.

5.3 whitefly. Spray control with 10% imidacloprid wettable powder 1 000 ~ 1 500 times or 50% phoxim EC 1 000 ~ 2 000.