Irrigation and drainage Technology of Jujube Garden

Irrigation and drainage Technology of Jujube Garden

The jujube area in northern China is dry in spring and the summer rainy season comes late. in order to ensure the water requirements for jujube growth and development, jujube trees should be irrigated in time before they germinate, and jujube trees have strict requirements on irrigation water quality. in particular, the harmful heavy metal content in the water should not exceed the standard, combined with rainfall, clean river water or well water with low salt and fluorine content should be irrigated 2 ~ 5 times in a year.

1 irrigation

1.1 budding water. In the first and middle of April, it is beneficial to the production and growth of root system, promote the neatness of bud and the growth of jujube head, and should be watered once combined with fertilization. The purpose is to meet the needs of sprouting and branching, spreading leaves and pregnant buds.

1.2 flower aiding water. It will be carried out in late May. If the weather is dry and rainless, the jujube garden should be watered with small water, not heavy water. The purpose of watering is to increase the air humidity of jujube orchard, prevent scorched flowers, prolong florescence, enhance the ability of pollination and fertilization, and improve the rate of fruit setting. If the water is large, it can accelerate the vegetative growth and reduce the fruit setting rate.

1.3 promoting fruit water. The first ten days of July is in the stage of rapid growth of young fruit, which requires a lot of water. If the weather is dry, it should be watered in time, otherwise the fruit growth will be inhibited.

1.4 White boiled water. Watering in the near white ripening stage of the fruit in the first ten days of August is very important, it can meet the water needs of sugar transformation during the fruit coloring period, increase the fruit weight by 20% ~ 30%, and prevent fruit cracking. The amount of water should not be too large as long as it can dissolve the fertilizer.

1.5 Frozen water. It was carried out in the first ten days of November after applying base fertilizer in autumn. The aim is to improve the nutrient storage of trees, increase the ability of trees to prevent frost, disease and draining, which is also beneficial to the growth and development of jujube trees and the high quality and high yield of jujube fruits in the following year, so this water should be watered thoroughly.

1.6 watering in young fruit stage and fruit expansion stage can have a good anti-cracking effect. In dry years, jujube trees should be watered early in the young fruit stage, and the second water should be irrigated at intervals of no more than 20 days. if the drought continues, the third water can be irrigated every 20 days, and the anti-cracking effect will be better.

2 drainage

Jujube trees have strong adaptability and are more resistant to waterlogging than other fruit trees, but water accumulation on the ground for a long time will also worsen the air permeability of the soil. When the ground is flooded for a long time, the water fills the gaps between all the soil grains in the jujube orchard, resulting in serious imbalance of physical properties such as "three comparisons" of the soil, serious lack of oxygen in the roots, resulting in the death of a large number of roots, weakening of the tree potential, and even the death of the whole plant.

In addition, when the soil is poorly ventilated, it is easy to produce toxic substances such as hydrogen sulfide and methane in the soil, which will also aggravate the decay and death of the roots, so timely elimination of stagnant water is one of the conditions that can not be ignored to ensure the normal growth and high yield of jujube trees.

(3) effect investigation

By adopting the above watering methods, the effect of increasing production is obvious, as shown in Table 1:

Table 1 questionnaire on the effect of increasing production