Conservation of Germplasm Resources and cultivation of New varieties of Lonicera edulis

Conservation of Germplasm Resources and cultivation of New varieties of Lonicera edulis

The United States, Japan and Russia are the countries that carried out the collection, preservation and comprehensive evaluation of indigo germplasm resources earlier, among which Russia carried out this study systematically and achieved the best results. in addition, the largest conservation nursery of indigo germplasm resources in the world was built at Pavlov Experimental Station, the evaluation standard system of germplasm resources was established, and fruitful evaluation work was carried out according to its biological and agronomic characters. The results show that all species of indigo subgroup can be used as raw materials for breeding. among many wild raw materials, the species with the most breeding value are mainly distributed in Kamchatka Peninsula, Kuril Islands, southern coastal areas of Russia and Altai Mountains.

Since the 1950s, the breeding of indigo has been carried out in Russia, mainly in wild lines, and sexual hybridization experiments have been carried out on this basis. This paper attempts to concentrate the advantages of cold resistance, sweet taste and light drop of flowers and fruits of different species and subspecies on one variety through crossing. a large number of experimental results show that hybridization can be carried out among species or provenances with the same chromosome number. And can form living offspring. Only a few seeds can be obtained by interspecific hybridization of tetraploid in diploid system, and the seed vigor is very low. At present, the main breeding goal in Russia is to select and breed excellent varieties with high contents of main active substances, such as overwintering, early ripening, sweet and sour fruit, high yield, large fruit, consistent ripening period, non-shedding and flavonoids, and so on. at present, many excellent varieties have been bred, and more than 10 varieties have been approved by the state. These varieties have the characteristics of high yield, large fruit and cold resistance.

A number of excellent strains have been selected from wild plants in Japan, which have the characteristics of large fruit, high yield and good flavor, and have been widely planted in Hokkaido.

China is rich in wild indigo germplasm resources. Jilin Beihua University, Beijing Forestry University, Yanbian Forestry Research Institute and Northeast Forestry University have collected a lot of wild indigo germplasm resources and established conservation and breeding nurseries. In particular, Northeast Forestry University has cultivated a new variety called "bud" with large fruit, high yield, cold resistance and consistent maturity. In 1983 and 1990, Wang Yongming collected a variety of wild germplasm resources. after years of experimental research with Zhou Xuchang, he selected a new indigo variety "Heishuo 1" with large fruit, sweet and sour palatability, cold resistance, consistent maturity and no seed drop, which has been recognized as an improved variety by forest variety 2016 in Jilin Province.