Effects of plant growth regulators and substrates on cutting rooting of three varieties of Feiyue fruit

Effects of plant growth regulators and substrates on cutting rooting of three varieties of Feiyue fruit

Fund projects: Sichuan International Science and Technology Exchange and Cooperation Project (2014HH0053); Sichuan Science and Technology support Plan (2015FZ0042); Sichuan Education Department Achievement cultivation Project (11zd1121).

Fayoko. Originated in Brazil, Argentina, Chile and other countries, is a perennial subtropical evergreen shrub, crown and fruit green, red flowers, is a great potential for the development of edible and ornamental tree species, the main producing countries are New Zealand, France, Australia; in recent years, China began to introduce planting, Jiangsu and Zhejiang regions as ornamental tree species have a small amount of planting. Cutting is one of the methods of vegetative propagation.

It has the advantages of ensuring the excellent characters of the female parent and saving time and cost, and there are many factors affecting the rooting of Fayo fruit cuttings, such as temperature, plant growth regulator, substrate, ear picking position and so on.

The temperature and humidity are relatively moderate in autumn, when the cutting branches pass through the low temperature environment in winter, they inhibit the synthesis of phenolic compounds in the branches, which is beneficial to the formation and growth of roots. Jiang Ling, Zhang Meng, he Shenggen and so on found that plant growth regulators can promote the occurrence of adventitious roots; cutting substrate should have good air permeability and water retention, such as vermiculite and rotten leaf soil mixed substrate. Wang Xun and others adopted full light timing control spray system device, so that the seedling rate of Fayue fruit cuttings reached 81%; Zhang Meng et al, Deng Wentao and others used plant growth regulators to treat about fruit twigs, and the rooting rates reached 88% and 95.2%, respectively. This fruit tree can be introduced in most subtropical areas of China, and most of Sichuan Basin is located in subtropics, which is close to or the same as the environmental conditions needed for the growth and development of Feiyue fruit, and has the basis and conditions for successful introduction. The Fei Yoguo project team of Southwest University of Science and Technology began to introduce Fei Yue fruit in 2004 and successfully introduced 16 varieties from New Zealand. So far, systematic studies have been carried out on its introduction adaptability, growth and development law, biological characteristics and reproduction techniques after introduction. In this experiment, one-year-old semi-lignified branches were used as cuttings to study the effects of different varieties, plant growth regulators and substrates on the rooting of Feiyao cuttings, and the varieties that were easy to take root and their suitable plant growth regulators and substrates were selected. the matching propagation techniques of Feiyao fruit were formed to provide reference for the introduction, popularization and large-scale planting of Feiyao fruit.

1 materials and methods

1.1 Test sites and materials

The experiment was carried out in the greenhouse of Longshan Teaching and Research practice Base of Southwest University of Science and Technology in Mianyang City, Sichuan Province. the top of the greenhouse was covered with a sunshade net with 50% light transmittance, and the seedling bed was made of brick into a square pool with a height of 0.40m, length and width of 2m, and a drainage hole was arranged at the bottom of the pool. The air humidity in the greenhouse was kept at about 80%. During the experiment, the average temperature in the greenhouse was 21: 23 ℃, the average temperature in September was 24 ℃, and the temperature in December was 19: 20 ℃.

Three 5-year-old Fei Yue fruit trees from the facility agricultural experimental base of Southwest University of Science and Technology were selected as mother plants. The sturdy, disease-free, 1-year-old semi-lignified branches were used as cuttings on September 15, 2016. the cuttings were 8~10cm in length and retained two nodes. Two opposite leaves were kept at the upper end of the cuttings morphology, both of which were cut into half leaves, and the upper cut was cut flat, and the lower end was cut obliquely at the lower leaf 0.2~0.3cm. The humidity in the greenhouse is maintained after cutting.

70% to 80%.

Plant growth regulators include indoleacetic acid (IAA), indolebutyric acid (IBA), rooting powder (ABT), 500mg IAA and 1000mg ABT, which are produced by Chengdu Kelong Chemical Reagent Factory and ABT Beijing Academy of Forestry Research and Development Center. The cutting substrates were vermiculite, rotten leaf soil + vermiculite mixture (volume ratio 1 ∶ 1) and rotten leaf soil + perlite mixture (volume ratio 1 ∶ 1).

1.2 method

There were three factors: variety, plant growth regulator and substrate, and each factor was divided into three levels. The L9 (33) orthogonal experimental design (see Table 1) was used. 40 cuttings were repeated 3 times per treatment. After soaking 2min in different concentrations of plant growth regulators, the cuttings were inserted into the substrate, and the distance between cuttings was 3cm × 3cm. When the cuttings were transplanted two months later, the rooting rate, root length, root number and rooting type were measured and analyzed. The rooting rate was converted into arcsine before the analysis of variance, analyzed by SPSS 22.0 statistical software, and multiple comparison was made by SSR method.

Table 1 factors and level of Faiyue cuttage

2 conclusion and discussion

The results showed that the varieties, plant growth regulators and substrate were the important factors for the rooting and survival of its cuttings. Varieties had the greatest influence on rooting rate and root number, Gemini had the highest rooting rate, Unique had the highest average root number, and substrate was the most important factor affecting the average root length. When the branches of 2min were soaked in ABT 1 000mg/L and the substrate was rotten leaf soil + perlite, the rooting rate of Gemini was the highest, up to 56.67%. After the treatment of the three factors, Unique took root in the skin, but other varieties not only took root in the skin, but also had callus rooting. It shows that the rooting of Fayo fruit cuttings is mainly caused by the rooting of the skin. In the experiment, the best rooting effect of cutting was Gemini, followed by Unique;, the most suitable plant growth regulator and its concentration was ABT 1000 mg/L;Gemini, the most suitable substrate was rotten leaf soil + perlite, and the most suitable substrate of Unique was rotten leaf soil + vermiculite.