The medicinal resources, growth and development law of Rhizoma Polygonatum

The medicinal resources, growth and development law of Rhizoma Polygonatum

Chonglou is a perennial herb with a long life cycle, which is generally more than 10 years. If the conditions are good, it can survive for 30 years. The whole life cycle can be divided into seed germination period, vegetative growth period and reproductive growth period from seed germination. The growth and development process of the heavy building is shown in figure 1.

1 the process of growth and development of Rhizoma Paridis in Yunnan

(1) seed germination period

The germination cycle of Rhizoma thunbergii seeds takes 2 years, generally begins to germinate 3-4 months after sowing, generally germinates a main root at the end of the sowing year, and germinates a heart-shaped leaf in the second year, entering the vegetative growth period.

(2) vegetative growth period

The vegetative growth and development of the heavy building takes 5-6 years, and then it enters the reproductive growth period and begins to blossom and bear fruit. The vegetative growth period can be divided into heart-shaped leaf stage, two-leaf stage and multi-leaf stage.

1. Heart-shaped leaf stage

After the heart-shaped leaves are unearthed, the photosynthesis can be carried out by relying on the water and nutrients absorbed by the roots, and the carbohydrates produced are transported through the transport tissues of the veins and stems, and the seedlings begin to autotrophic. During this period, if the heavy building suffered from natural disasters and diseases and insect pests caused by the loss of leaves, the plant is very easy to die, the heart-shaped leaf stage is the fragile period of heavy building growth, but also the key period of heavy building growth.

2. Two-leaf and multi-leaf stage

After growing for 1-2 years in the heart-shaped leaf stage, the aboveground stem of the heavy building increased and thickened, the number of leaves increased, and the rhizome segment also increased significantly. Its plants generally emerge from April to May, with columnar stems, usually single, but there are also two or three plants. This period is a rapid growth period for the growth and development of heavy buildings, and there is a great demand for water and fertilizer, so we should pay special attention to the management of water and fertilizer, not only adequate base fertilizer in autumn and winter, but also proper topdressing and foliar fertilizer in prosperous growth period. In the multi-leaf stage, the rhizome has been formed and accumulated to a certain extent, and it also has a strong resistance to external adversity, which is the most suitable period for transplanting [Jishan Huayao].

(3) Reproductive growth period

Under the natural conditions in the field, Yunnan Zhonglou and seven-leaf peanut may not be able to enter the stage of human reproductive growth for 7 years. Under cultivation conditions, due to sufficient water and fertilizer, the four-leaf stage can enter the reproductive growth stage 4 years after emergence, and the plant grows rapidly. Not only the aboveground stem increased and thickened, the number of leaves increased, flowers and fruits appeared, the rhizome segment also significantly thickened, and the underground stem showed a spiral shape. The plant usually emerges from April to May followed by the flowering stage. after the aboveground stem is extracted, the flower bud grows at the top of the stem and is enclosed in the unexpanded foliage. 2-3 days later, the flower is exposed, the pedicel is elongated, and the leaves and flowers are unfolded. From September to November, the seeds matured one after another, the capsule cracked, the seed coat changed from light red to crimson, and fell off naturally after ripening. The fruit weighed 0.24mm 26.20g and contained 1mm 268 seeds. The leaf number of Rhizoma thunbergii usually increases with the increase of rhizome age, and tends to be stable to the flowering age.