High-yield planting techniques of grafted Cherry Tomato (Virgin Fruit) in Boluo County, Guangdong Province

High-yield planting techniques of grafted Cherry Tomato (Virgin Fruit) in Boluo County, Guangdong Province

Cherry tomato is a small fruit tomato, commonly known as virgin fruit, because of exquisitely carved, moderately sour and sweet, rich in a variety of vitamins, loved by consumers, it is a best-selling variety of urban fruits and vegetables. Conventional cherry tomato cultivation is mainly faced with two problems: one is the problem of dead seedlings caused by bacterial wilt, which is the great enemy of tomato production, which is easy to be infected and cannot be controlled so that it is difficult to harvest particles; and the second is the problem of variety quality. at present, cherry tomatoes generally have a general taste and can not eat more than three times, while high-quality cherry tomatoes do not have the unique "stinky green" taste of tomatoes, which is sour, sweet and crisp in mouth and fragrant in mouth, making people linger after taste. The high-quality grafted cherry tomato introduced by Boluo County Agricultural Technology extension Center has high resistance to bacterial wilt. Through demonstration and promotion, the fruit-hanging period is long, the quality is first-class, the flavor is unique, and the producers and consumers react strongly. Combined with leisure agriculture picking, the output value per 667m2 can reach more than 60, 000 yuan, and the market prospect is broad. The high yield cultivation techniques of grafted cherry tomato are summarized as follows:

Although the grafted cherry tomato has strong growth potential and high stress resistance, considering the high temperature, high humidity and difficult management in the early planting climate, it is generally not popularized to plant the grafted cherry tomato in the early planting, but it is required to plant the grafted cherry tomato late. The grafted seedlings were transplanted in September of that year, the first batch of fruits were picked from December to January of the following year, and the flowering fruits were produced after March of the following year.

1 requirements for land preparation

According to the development characteristics of grafted cherry tomato, neutral fields with loose soil, sufficient water and convenient drainage and irrigation are generally selected for planting. The plow is raked evenly, and the width of the machine is about 1.2m (covering trench). The high border specification of about 25cm is waiting for transplanting.

2 scaffolding requirements

According to the infinite growth characteristics of the variety, the cultivation method of single row and single row (high enough, strong photosynthesis) is adopted, and the sawing length of 2.2m seedling bamboo pole or eucalyptus processing bottom material tail rod is required to be used as the column (20cm), and the column spacing is about 3.5m. In accordance with the direction, the plastic film line in the greenhouse (purchased by Taobao) is used to winding the top of the column, and the rope head and tail are tilted into the ground (can be strengthened by bamboo pole oblique support), and the horizontal frame is completed. The opposite columns between rows are also required to use plastic film lines in the greenhouse, which are pulled vertically at intervals, and the rope wires intersect in the shape of "ten", so as to improve the wind resistance and self-weight anti-toppling ability.

3 planting requirements

Refined bio-organic fertilizer 400kg, three 15 compound fertilizers 50kg and urea 20kg were used as base fertilizer per 667m2. After mixing, strips were applied to the 25cm on both sides of the transplanting line, and the grafted seedlings began to be transplanted in flat beds and ditches. Grafted cherry tomato has strong tillering ability and should be sparsely planted. The distance between transplanting plants is about 1 m, and about 700 million tomatoes per 667m2. When watering the roots and returning to green water, the marriage interface should be prevented from being buried by soil (key work in seedling condition inspection).

4 Seedling vine management

4.1 Special vegetable net to draw vines. The main branch adopts double-pole pruning vine, uses special vegetable net (similar to fishing net) to draw the vine on the shelf, wraps on both sides of the vegetable net and uses rope to fix it on the grid.

4.2 pruning the vine regularly. Grafted cherry tomato has strong tillering ability, so it is necessary to properly remove low vines, weak vines, dense vines, crossed vines and weak spikes, and reasonably arrange and guide the extension direction of lateral vines in order to strengthen the overall photosynthesis.

4.3 Management in the middle and later stages. Most of the grafted cherry tomatoes are infinite growth type, and the branches are often unable to extend to the top of the column. after twists and turns, they droop naturally, and the old and tender overlap each other, which seriously affects the quality of the fruit in the later stage, so it can be used to lay seedlings by pulling the rope of the balanced planting row on both sides of the transverse plastic film line of the positioning column, so as to improve the production effect.

5 Fertilizer and water management

5.1 Seedling stage. Before flowering, the grafted cherry tomato was fertilized according to the seedling condition and leaf color, and the seedlings were generally extracted with water and fertilizer. Each 667m2 was drenched with three fifteen compound fertilizers of 40kg and 5kg urea mixed with water for a variable number of times.

5.2 flowering and fruiting stage. After the first flower sets the fruit, Zhuangguo fertilizer is applied with three fifteen compound fertilizers of 25kg mixed with water per 667m2; fertilizer and water supplement is carried out regularly after fruit harvest in full blossom, and three fifteen compound fertilizers of 40kg are applied with water or sprinkled with covering soil (such as rain forecast) per 667m2. In addition, foliar fertilizers such as potassium dihydrogen phosphate and related trace element water fertilizer are sprayed to protect flowers and fruits.

5.3 flowering period. After the end of grafted cherry tomato head fruit production, the grafted cherry tomato enters a "dormant period" around the Spring Festival of the following year, and begins to turn flowers and hang fruit for the second time in March, which is an important yield supplement period.

(6) Disease and pest control

Grafted cherry tomato is highly resistant to stress, and bacterial wilt and explosive serious diseases and insect pests rarely occur. The general diseases are leaf mold, late blight and powdery mildew in the middle and later stages of extreme climate with high temperature and humidity. The main pests are leafminer, whitefly, aphids, and physiological falling flowers and fruits. Leaf mold in the disease can be controlled by 1200 times of 80% enamylmorpholine water dispersible granules or 1200 times of 10% dimethoconazole water dispersible granules or 60% Baitai (azol ether Dysenlian) water dispersible granules by rotational spray of 1000 times, once every 7 days for 3 times. Late blight can be sprayed with 64% disinfectant alum 500x liquid or 58% Jinlei (mancozeb) wettable powder or 72.2% primus (triadimefon) for 4 times in a row, and powdery mildew can be sprayed with 15% triadimefon (triadimefon). In severe cases, 3000 times of propiconazole can be used. Leaf miners can be controlled by rotation spray of 1.8% avermectin EC 2000 × 3000 times or 50% cyclamide water-soluble powder 2500 × 3500 times, whitefly whitefly can use 2.5% deltamethrin 2000 × 3000 liquid or 80% dimethrin? Imidacloprid water dispersible granules 1000 times liquid rotation spray control; aphids can be used 2000 times imidacloprid wettable powder spray control. Physiological flower and fruit drop must pay attention to photosynthesis and water and fertilizer control, pay attention to pruning long branches and dense branches and leaves, properly control fertilizer and water in overcast and rainy weather, reduce nutritional overgrowth, promote reproductive growth, and improve the function of flower and fruit protection.

7 regular harvest

The grafted cherry tomato introduced by the center began to be harvested after natural color change. the total output of head fruit and turned flower fruit was more than 3000kg per 667m2, combined with leisure picking, the output value per 667m2 could reach more than 60,000 yuan. Due to the remarkable benefits, it has been popularized and demonstrated in a large area, and has become a prominent representative of beneficial leisure agriculture.